2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖北卷)英__语

绝密★启用前

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷）

英 语

本试题卷共16页，81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。

★祝考试顺利★

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。

2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3. 完成句子和短文写作题的作答：用统一提供的签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15． B. £ 9.15． C. £ 9.18． 答案：B

1. What is Linda? A. A writer. B. A student. C. A teacher.

2. What is the man afraid of?

A. Having an accident. B. Missing the interview. C. Saying something wrong. 3. What does the woman want to do? A. To return a jacket. B. To change a jacket.

C. To buy another jacket. 4. Why does the man feel upset? A. A guy stole his clothes. B. He found his clothes ugly. C. Someone said he was ugly. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She disbelieves her son. B. She feels very sorry for her son. C. She wants her son to use a new key.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why isn’t Jenny at the store? A. She left work early. B. She’s late for work. C. She’s been out of work.

7. How does the man feel about Jenny? A. Angry. B. Curious. C. Concerned.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is lying on the railway tracks? A. A man. B. A rock. C. A trunk.

9. What are the speakers about to do? A. To move the rock. B. To wave the T-shirt. C. To find something red.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man want to talk about? A. Lucy’s poor health. B. Lucy’s school education. C. Lucy’s work performance.

11. What did the customer at Table 4 do that annoyed Lucy? A. He praised her. B. He made a complaint. C. He ordered the special offer. 12. Why is Lucy in low spirits? A. She hasn’t made a plan. B. She hasn’t realized her dream. C. She hasn’t become a good waitress.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. How does the woman think Mark feels? A. Anxious. B. Unhappy. C. Frightened.

14. What was Catherine doing when the speakers got home? A. Reading her books. B. Playing with her friends. C. Chatting with the operator. 15. What does the woman want to ensure? A. Mark can pass the exam. B. Mark can help people in need. C. Mark can apply what he’s learned. 16. What will the speakers do for Mark? A. Keep a record of his reactions. B. Create an unexpected situation. C. Write down their own experiences.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. When did the magician first perform professionally? A. In 1964. B. In 1968. C. In 1972.

18. What made the magician world famous? A. His TV show. B. His global tours. C. His teaching job.

19. Which does the magician think is his greatest achievement? A. Project Magic.

B. Box office records. C. The Magic of ABC.

20. How is the magician different from other magicians? A. He practises hard. B. He believes in wonder. C. He started his career early.

第二部分：词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节：多项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _____ and weaknesses． A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values 答案：A

21. Her ______ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education. A.talent B. motivation C. qualification D. technique 【答案】B

A talent 天才，才干 B motivation 动机

C qualification 资格，条件 D technique 技巧，技术 【解析】本题考查的是名词辨析。

她写作的动机是出于对女性获得高等教育权利的渴望。 【难度说明】中等

22. When Richard said, “you are much more agreeable and prettier now.” Joan’s face turned red at the unexpected _______.

A. contribution B. compliment C. comparison D. command 【答案】B

【解析】本题考查的是名词辨析。

A contribution 贡献 B compliment 恭维，称赞 C comparison 对比 D command 命令，指挥

当瑞秋说：“你现在变得更讨人喜爱，更漂亮了。”琼听到这突如其来的赞美，脸红了。 【难度说明】容易

23. Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but ________ and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow. A sank B skied C slipped D signaled 【答案】C

【解析】本题考查的是动词辨析。 A sank 下沉 B skied 投向空中 C slipped 滑倒 D signalled 发信号

看到一大群人朝他涌来，他开始往山下跑，但他滑倒了并跪在正融化的积雪上。

【难度说明】难

24.The old rules have to be _______ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago.

A. revised B. observed C. established D. developed 【答案】A

【解析】本题考查的是动词辨析。

A revised 修改，改进 B observed 观察，遵守 C established 建立 D developed 发展

旧的规则不得不修改，因为它们只适用于一百年前制定它们的环境。 【难度说明】中等

25. I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can’t seem to _______.

A. get along B. get in C. get off D. get through 【答案】D

【解析】本题考查的是动词短语辨析。 A get along进展 B get in进入，陷入

C get off动身，脱下 D get through通过，度过，接通电话

我已经给查尔斯打了一晚上电话，但网络一定出了问题，我似乎不能接通电话。 【难度说明】中等

26. Is this your necklace，Mary？ I _______ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning. A. went for B. looked after C. dealt with D. came across 【答案】D

【解析】本题考查的是动词短语辨析。

A. went for 努力争取，对..适用 B. looked after照顾 C. dealt with处理 D. came across偶然发现

玛丽，这是你的项链吗？我在打扫厕所时无意发现它。 【难度说明】简单

27.What was so _______ about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.

A. obvious B. impressive C. essential D. awful 【答案】B

【解析】本题考查的是形容词辨析。

A obvious 明显的 B impressive印象深刻的

C essential基本的，必要的 D awful讨厌的，可怕的

关于Jasmine Westland的胜利，令人印象深刻的是她光着脚第一个冲向了终点。 【难度说明】简单

28. Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ______ smile and let him go.

A. wild B. tolerant C. grateful D. cautious

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查的是形容词辨析。

A wild野生的 B tolerant宽容的 C grateful感激的 D 谨慎的

她没有指责打破花瓶的男孩，而是给他一个宽容的微笑，让他走了。 【难度说明】中等

29. Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said ______, “Don’t be so mean,” pointing a finger of warning at her.

A. sharply B. indirectly C. guiltily D. dreadfully 【答案】A

【解析】本题考查的是副词辨析。 A sharply 尖锐地 B indirectly间接地 C guiltily 内疚地 D dreadfully可怕地

塞布丽娜刚说完，艾伯特就尖锐地说“别那么小气，” 并用手指指着警告她 【难度说明】难

30. Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables _____ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.

A. in store B. in demand C. on sale D. on loan 【答案】A

【解析】本题考查的是介词短语辨析。 A in store 贮藏 B in demand 有需求

C on sale 廉价出售 D on loan借用，借贷

检查储藏着地胡萝卜，土豆，洋葱和其他蔬菜，然后立即使用或者扔掉有腐烂迹象的蔬菜 【难度说明】中等

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When our restaurant business failed, we headed north in a camping truck to Texas, hoping to have a “fresh start”.

At the 31 of Palo Duro Canyon (峡谷) State Park, I 32 a job advertisement hiring park hosts. The position offered a 33 , permanent campsite in the park, and 34 , the hosts served as a link between the park’s guests and the rangers (护林人). It was the perfect solution: a rent-free place to reorganize our lives. We entered the park and I made an 35 for the following day.

The park was 36 , so it took us some time to find an available site. That evening, as we finished our dinner, my wife saw two large skunks (臭鼬) walking toward our table. We 37 climbed onto the table and, for the next four hours, waited for them to 38 our camp.

Having survived that night, we were 39 that everything else would be all right. The next day we met with the people who ran the park. They explained our 40 and gave us a beautiful campsite.

That evening, 41 , we learned about the canyon 42 . They were strong and cold,

rocking our little camping truck violently, and we lay 43 in the dark until the winds died away.

44 the weeks that followed, we learned to survive in our truck and 45

the little money my wife 46 by substitute teaching. Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful 47 . For a time after our business 48 I thought I might lose my family as well.

Living in the tiny 49 with no television, we sat close together reading and talking. One evening, standing under a jeweled sky, I found myself 50 for all the hardships. We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family!

31. A. back B. entrance C. centre D. edge 32. A. answered B. notice C. published D. sponsored 33. A. free B. safe C. convenient D. beautiful 34. A. in return B. in turn C. in sheet D. in time 35. A. attempt B. appear C. agreement D. appointment 36. A. quite B. ideal C. crowed D. dangerous 37. A. calmly B. eventually C. immediately D. repeatedly 38. A. search B. pass C. leave D. attack 39. A. aware B. confident C. determined D. satisfied 40. A. responsibilities B. requirements C. circumstances D. conditions 41. A. meanwhile B. therefore C. moreover D. however 42. A. winds B. snows C. woods D. trails 43. A. nothing B. morning C. quarrelling D. shaking 44.A. After B. Beyond C. During D. Between 45.A. live on B. hand out C. give away D. put aside 46.A. raised B. posted C. earned D. borrowed 47.A. image B. family C. career D. business 48.A. declined B. expanded C. failed D. started 49.A. camp B. house C. park D. truck 50.A. desperate B. ready C. suitable D. thankful 【答案】：

[31]. B [32]. B [33]. A [34]. A [35]. D [36]. C [37]. C [38]. C [39]. B [40]. A [41]. D [42]. A [43]. D [44]. C [45]. A [46]. C [47]. B [48]. C [49]. D [50]. D 【解析】：

本篇完形填空是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述了一个家庭生意失败之后重新开始的故事。文章通过这个故事阐明一个道理：我们在追寻事业成功的时候，可能会失去家庭，因此我们要学会兼顾我们的事业和家庭。

[31]. 考查名词。从后文We entered the park 可知，应该是在公园门口（entrance)，故选B。

[32]. 考查动词。从前文when our restaurant business failed和hoping to have a “fresh start”可知，作者是在寻找工作，注意到一个招聘广告，符合语境，故选noticed。

[33]. 考查名词。后文提到a rent-free place，可知campsite是免费的（free)，故选free。 [34]. 考查介词短语。A项in return 作为回报；B项in turn反过来，反之；C项缩短；D项及时。根据填空处前文句可知要取得这个工作，需要做公园主持人来作为回报，故选in

turn.

[35]. 考查名词。A. attempt 尝试；B. appeal 吸引；C. agreement同意，协议；D. appointment约定，预约。前文知道作者看到招聘广告，明天预约（make an appointment)应聘，符合语境，应选appointment。

[36]. 考查形容词。A.quiet安静的； B.ideal 理想的；C.crowded 拥挤的；D.dangerous; 根据后文so it took us some time to find an available site,可知人多很难找住的位置，所以选crowded.

[37]. 考查副词。文中提到two large skunks（臭鼬）,所以马上躲避。故选immediately。 [38]. 考查动词。由上文立即躲避臭鼬，可知他们很希望它尽快离开，故选leave。 [39]. 考查形容词。由前文having survived that night,可知他们对于后面的时间有了自信，故选confident。

[40]. 考查名词。由前文I made an appointment for the following day和 the next day we met with the people who ran the park. 可知他们去应聘了，管理人员告诉他们职位的职责，符合语境，故选responsibilities. [41]. 考查连词。由前文everything else would be all right和后文rocking our little camping truck violently...until the winds died away可知，前后情况是一种相反的场景，故选转折连词however.

[42]. 考查了名词。由后文They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently...until the winds died away, 可知是wind(复现)，故选winds.

[43]. 考查动词。由前文rocking our little camping truck violently可知卡车（truck） 在摇动(shake），故选shaking.

[44]. 考查介词。A. after 在......之后; B.beyond 超越......范围；C.during 在......期间；D.Between在两者之间，应该是指后续的几周期间，故选during。

[45]. 考查动词短语。A. live on 靠...生活; 以...为食; B.hand out 分发；give away 捐赠，泄露；put aside 存储，留出，搁置 [46]. 考查动词。根据上文，生意失败，所以作者的妻子要靠教书来挣钱， 故选earned。 [47]. 考查名词。根据后文I might lose my family as well 和building a successful business and then losing it 看出作者留给家的时间很少，复现，故 选family。 [48]. 考查动词。根据文章第一段第一句when our restaurant business failed 可知，填failed, 复现。

[49]. 考查名词。由文章第五段our little camping truck，可知填truck, tiny是small的同义替换，考查复现。

[50]. 考查形容词。由前文可知作者找到工作和后文we had become a family可知，作者工作、家庭都有收获，所以作者感激，故选thankful. 【难度说明】：中等。

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Before I had my son, I spent two years working with children with disabilities. I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster. Coming up against their behaviour could only make the job harder and their behaviour more extreme. I found something that worked,

though.

There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him. One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine. His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. He spent the entire session running around, hitting and kicking, and destroying property.

I was in the craft room working with some other children when my co-worker told me that this boy’s teacher was in tears, and could not get control of the situation. As we were talking, the boy ran in. I told my co-worker that I would take care of him.

I closed the door. He was full of energy, throwing things around and making a huge mess. But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me. He needed connection, and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it. So I sat back down and kept quiet. Then he slowed down and began making a rocket. I talked to him about it. We continued like this for a few minutes before I slipped into the conversation:

“So what happened today?”

It was purely a question, no blame or anger in my tone. I believe that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed. He told me that the teacher didn’t let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked. He also admitted that he had enjoyed making her run around and saw it as a game. I explained that his teacher had not seen it as a game and was very upset. This again was stated simply as a fact. I suggested that next time he had a session, he talk about what he hoped to do at the start, which might be easier for everyone. He agreed and was quiet for a moment. Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize.

51. The boy made trouble for his teacher because he______. A. was blamed for creating an air of tension B. was made to do things against his will C. was told not to yell at other children D. was accused of destroying property 【答案】 B

【解析】 细节理解题。根据题干要求The boy made trouble for his teacher because he______.可以定位文中最后一段 He told me that the teacher didn’t let him do what he knew well due to safety but asked him to do what he disliked. 因 此，选B. was made to do things against his will。答案在文中较后面的部分， 考生容易受到前面文章内容的影响 【难度说明】：难

52. Why didn’t the author do anything about the boy’s bad behavior at first? A. She hadn’t thought of a coping strategy. B. She was tired of shouting and threats. C. She didn’t mind the huge mess at all. D. She didn’t want to make it worse. 【答案】 D

【解析】细节理解题。题干问作者为什么一开始不去纠正这个男孩的不良行 为？答案可定位至第四段第二至三行But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me.He needed connection,and this was the only way he knew how to ask for it.So I sat back down and kept quiet.

可得出答案为 D. She didn’t want to make it worse.同时，作者处理这件事的方式与全文主题句I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster相对应。 【难度说明】：中等

53. The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by__________ A. avoiding making critical remarks B. describing his teacher’s feelings C. giving him a good suggestion D. playing games with him 【答案】 A 【解析】细节理解题。题干问作者通过什么方式使得男孩愿意交流自己的想法？文章第六段的第二句句给出了答案I believe that if I had criticized him, the gate that was slowly opening would have shut firmly closed.答案为A项 Avoiding making critical remarks. 【难度说明】：中等

54. Why did the boy have tears in his eyes in the end? A. He was sad for the author’s misunderstanding. B. He was fearful of the author’s warning. C. He was regretful about his behavior. D. He was sorry about his reputation. 【答案】 C

【解析】细节理解题。题干意思为：为什么这个男孩最后哭了。根据文章最后一段最后一句Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologize可知：男孩要向老师道歉，因此为自己之前的行为感到后悔，所以答案为C. He was regretful about his behavior 【难度说明】：简单

B

London’s newest skyscraper (摩天大楼) is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.

The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖顶). He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren’t regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.

The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five-star hotel. There will also be top quality restaurants, apartments and offices.

Before building work began, a lot of people didn’t want the Shard though the plans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York, but not in London. They say that the best thing about the

Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.

Other critics don’t like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.

The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is not certain, however, that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.

55. London’s newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of ______. A. its cost B. its size C. its shape D. its height 【答案】 C

【解析】细节理解题。根据题干为什么伦敦这个新的摩天大楼被叫做Shard。我们可以将答案定位至第二段第四排到第五排内容：So the building has an unusual shape.It looks like a very thin,sharp piece of broken glass.And that is how the building got the name: Shard.可以得知答案为C项。 【难度说明】：简单

56. When he designed the Shard, Piano wanted it to ______. A. change London’s skyline B. inherit London’s tradition C. imitate the Egyptian style D. attract potential visitors 【答案】 B

【解析】细节理解题。题干问及Piano设计这座大楼的设计理念，可以定位到第二段的倒数第二句话：Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition所以答案为B项inherit London’s tradition。 【难度说明】：简单

57. The critics who refer to social division think the Shard ______. A. is only preferred by the rich B. is far away from the poor area C. is intended for wealthy people D. is popular only with Londoners 【答案】 C

【解析】细节理解题。根据题干为什么批评者认为Shard造成了社会（贫富） 分离，可以定位到第三句Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. 所以答案为C项is intended for wealthy people. 【难度说明】：中等

58. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. The Shard: Cheers and Claps

B. The Shard: Work of a Great Architect C. The Shard: New Symbol of London? D. The Shard: A Change for the Better? 【答案】 D

【解析】主旨大意题。整篇文章论述的是伦敦新的摩天大楼的建造所带来的 争议。有人认为它是英国传统的传承，是一项很好的变化。但也有人提出质 疑。因此答案选D. The Shard: A Change for the Better? 【难度说明】：中等

C

Working with a group of baboons (狒狒) in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology, Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.

She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.

The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.

This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认知的) tasks not because they aren’t clever enough to solve them, but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.

The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don’t associate with the knowledgeable individuals, or they are too shy to use the information once they have it, information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.

59.What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The significance of Dr. Carter’s research. B. The purpose of Dr. Carter’s research. C. The design of Dr. Carter’s research. D. The results of Dr. Carter’s research. 【答案】 C 【解析】段落大意题。通过第一段最后一句Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake等细节 可知，第一段主要论述了Dr. Carter

进行研究的设计，所以答案选C.The design of Dr. Carter’s research. 【难度说明】：中等

60. According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task? A. Those that feel anxious about learning. B. Those that like to work independently. C. Those that can avoid potential risks. D. Those that have more experience. 【答案】 A

【解析】细节理解题。通过第三段第二句The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching可知，答案选A. Those that feel anxious about learning. 【难度说明】：中等

61.Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. Some baboons perform new tasks but don’t concentrate. B. Some baboons observe others but don’t follow them. C. Some baboons are shy but active in social activities. D. Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning. 【答案】 B

【解析】猜词题。通过第四段第一句This mismatch，得知，这种mismatch 的行为应在上文第三段已经提及，因此可以定位到第三段The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.所以答案选B. Some baboons observe others but don’t follow them. 【难度说明】：中等

62. Dr. Carter’s findings indicate that our culture might be formed through_______. A. traveling between social groups B. understanding different people C. learning from each other D. storing information 【答案】 C 【解析】推断题。通过最后一段最后一句If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don’t associate with the knowledgeable individuals, or they are too shy to use the information once they have it, information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.可知人们是在相互学习、交流中而形成的 文化。因此答案选 C. learning from each other 【难度说明】：中等

D

You’ve flown halfway around the world; you’ve sniffed out this place that nobody in Falongland or Thailand seems to have ever heard of; so what on earth is there to do here? You consider this question as you sink into an old wooden beach chair that holds you above the sand.

It was a long journey from Bangkok to Huaplee. By the time you found the bus station and got yourself sorted out, it took almost as long as the flight from Falongland.

Huaplee is located just south of Hua Hin, about two hundred kilometres from Bangkok, down the west side of the Gulf of Thailand. Not many tourists find this place, and the ones that do wonder if finding it has been their purpose all along.

There’s an apparent laziness that surrounds you here. It’s what this place offers, and it’s free

of charge. The small waves that tap the shoreline seem to slow everything down. You settle into your beach chair in preparation for a long rest. You sit there and watch the sea.

It’s early afternoon, so the cook comes out and asks what you’d like to eat this evening. Before long he’s rushed off to the market to buy the ingredients for whatever it was that you ordered—every meal fresh and to order. No menu here.

There is no poolside noise here but just that wonderfully warm, clear blue sea. There’s no street noise. The only sounds are the murmurs of nature.

For now you just count your blessings (福祉), listing them in the sand with your toe (脚趾). You don’t have to worry about being late for work. You don’t have to do anything.

The beach to your right stretches off to the horizon (地平线), slowly narrowing to nothingness only to re-emerge again on your left, now steadily widening until it covers the chair beneath you. Sand to your left and sand to your right; it’s unbroken, endless. No start, no end, just sand, sun, and peace. Step off it, and you re-enter the world of traffic, stress, work, and hurry.

Normally you’re the type who can’t sit still for more than ten minutes, but you’re on Huaplee Lazy Beach now and, in the right frame of mind, it stretches all the way around the world.

“How could it take me so long to find it?” you wonder. 63. When the author first went to Huaplee Beach, _______________ . A. he had difficulty in finding it B. he became sensitive to smell C. he failed too sort himself out D. he found it unworthwhile 【答案】 A

【解析】推理判断题。题干意思为：当作者第一次去Huaplee Beach的时候， _________。可以定位到第二段，说明找到作者找到这个地方耗时很长，第 三段中也有与此呼应的地方：Not many tourists find this place. 可知这个地方 不好找，所以答案为A项。 【难度说明】：中等

64. What is special about the food service at Huaplee Beach? A. Quick delivery. B. Self service. C. Free food. D. No menu. 【答案】 D

【解析】细节理解题。题干意思为：Huaplee Beach的饮食服务有何特别之处？ 可以定位到文章涉及饮食的段落，即第五段。根据该段最后一句No menu here 可知，答案为D项。 【难度说明】：简单

65. In the author’s opinion, a tourist can enjoy Huaplee Beach most when he ______. A. draws pictures in the sand B. plans a detailed schedule C. forgets his daily routine D. sits in a beach chair 【答案】 C

【解析】 推理判断题。题干意思为：在作者看来，一名游客能够最好地享 受Huaplee Beach当他____________的时候。可以定位到文章中表示游客极 其享受的文段，即第七段：For now you just count your blessings , listing them in the sand with you toe. You don’t have to worry about being late for work. You don’t have to do anything，以及第八段：No start, no end, just sand,

sun, and peace. Step off it, and you re-enter the world of traffic, stress, work, and hurry.从 其中的表述可以逆向推出这些享受的时光的反面是：worry about being late for work; traffic, stress, work and hurry，而这些归结起来，即为人们日常的例 行公事，而要享受Huaplee Beach则需要暂时抛开这些，即答案为C项。 【难度说明】：难

66. What does the author imply by his question at the end of the passage? A. He should have come to the place earlier.

B. He shouldn’t have spent so much time on the trip. C. He should have understood the wonder of nature. D. He shouldn’t have counted the blessings. 【答案】 A

【解析】推理判断题。题干意思为：文章结尾处作者的问题所暗含的意思是 什么？。可以快速定位到最后一句:“How could it take me so long to find it?” 结合全篇文章所讲的去该“世外桃源”旅游的舒适惬意之感，可知作者是在感 叹与Huaplee Beach“相见恨晚”的感觉。所以答案为A项。 【难度说明】：中等

E

For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets, and even bicycles. Dr. Christopher Wilk is a member of a small group of elevator experts who consider this a misunderstanding. Without the elevator, they point out, there could be no downtown skyscrapers or tall buildings, and city life as we know it would be impossible. In that sense, they argue, the elevator’s role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars. In fact, according to Wilk, the car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century, with cars making it possible for people to spread horizontally (水平地), and elevators pushing them toward life in close groups of towering vertical (垂直的) columns.

If we tend to ignore the significance of elevators, it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief, boring, and even awkward experience—one that can involve unexpectedly meeting people with whom we have nothing in common, and an unpleasant awareness of the fact that we’re hanging from a cable in a long passage.

In a new book, Lifted, German journalist and cultural studies professor Andreas Bernard directed all his attention to this experience, studying the origins of elevator and its relationship to humankind and finding that riding in an elevator has never been a totally comfortable experience. “After 150 years, we are still not used to it,” Bernard said. “We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.” That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.

Today, as the world’s urban population explodes, and cities become more crowded, taller, and more crowded, America’s total number of elevators—900,000 at last count, according to Elevator

World magazine’s “2012 Vertical Transportation Industry”—are a force that’s becoming more important than ever. And for the people who really, really love them, it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.

67. What does the underline word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. The enthusiasm for transport vehicles B. The desire for a remarkable machine C. The particular interest of experts D. The general view of elevator 【答案】 D

【解析】代词指代题。题干意思为：第一段中的划线词“this”指的是什么？ 可 以快速定位到第一段划线词所在句：Dr. Christopher Wilk is a member of a small group of elevator experts who consider this a misunderstanding. 大意为： “该教授认为这是误解”，而this通常指代上文的事物，因此可以定位到上一 句，即文章的首句：For most city people,…。从该句可以看出大多数都市人 认为电梯是unremarkable（平凡的），可知教授认为大多数人的这种认识是有 误的，即答案为D项。 【难度说明】：中等

68. The author’s purpose in mentioning cars is . A. to explain people’s preference for elevators B. to reveal their secret war against elevators C. to emphasize the importance of elevators D. to contrast their functions with elevators 【答案】 C

【解析】推理判断题。题干意思为：作者提到汽车的目的是________。可以 定位到第一段第三、四句：Without the elevator, they point out, there could be no downtown skyscrapers or tall buildings, and city life as we know it would be impossible. In that sense, they argue, the elevator’s role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars. 第三句直接说明电梯的重要性，第四 句通过比较，说电梯的重要性不亚于汽车，可知作者提到汽车是为了强调电 梯的重要性，即答案为C项。 【难度说明】：中等

69. According to Prof. Bernard, what has made the elevator ride different from other life experiences?

A. Uncomfortable conditions B. Little physical space C. Lack of excitement D. Vertical direction 【答案】 B

【解析】细节理解题。根据题干意思，可定位到倒数第二段的最后一句话： That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives. 由此可知，使 得elevator ride不同于其它生活经历的是that mixture, 而that mixture指的是 前一句的the mixture of closeness and displeasure, 即乘坐电梯时的封闭性和 令人不悦的影响，B项little physical space与文中closeness（封闭性）同义替 换，为正确答案。所以答案为B项。 【难度说明】：中等

70. The author urges readers to consider .

A. the relationship between cars and elevators B. the role of elevators in city development C. the serious future situation of elevators D. the exact number of elevator lovers. 【答案】 B

【解析】细节理解题。题干意思为：作者主张读者考虑_________。文章最后一段说明了随着城市的发展，电梯的作用越来越重要，且根据最后一句话：And for the people who really, really love them, it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are. 可知作者主张人们在这样的城市发展节奏下，认真思考电梯的重要性，即答案为B项。 【难度说明】：中等 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，满分50分）

第一节：完成句子（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。

例：______ was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. (delight) 令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。 答案：What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted 71. The community college has to cut down on staff ______. (save) 为了省钱，那所社区学院只好裁员。

【答案】(in order to) to save money/ so as to save money 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词to do作目的状语。 【难度说明】中等

72. So far the well-known journalist ______ more than 4,000 interviews with famous people. (accumulate)

迄今为止这位著名记者采访名人已累积达四千余人次。

【答案】：has accumulated 【解析】：本题考查现在完成时态。本题中So far是现在完成时态的时态标志词。 【难度说明】：容易

73. Sometimes ______ to use examples to explain abstract concepts. (helpful) 有时候举例也许有助于解释抽象的概念。

【答案】：it may/ might be helpful 【解析】：本题考查it作形式主语。本句中真正的主语是动词不定式“to use examples to explain abstract concepts”，要说明的是举例解释抽象的概念可能是有用的，因此用it来作形式主语

指代真正的主语。

74. The police will reward ______ useful information to catch the robber. (provide) 任何人提供有用信息帮助抓住劫匪，警方将予以奖励。

【答案】：whoever provides / has provided 【解析】：本题考查名词性从句。“任何人”应用whoever来作为从句的连接词。 【难度说明】：中等

75. He’s the only student in the class ______ to take part in the Model United Nations conference. (select)

他是班上唯一被选上去参加模拟联合国大会的同学。

【答案】：that has been selected 【解析】：本题考查限制性定语从句。此题中要注意先行词前面有the only，因此要用关系词that引导从句，且从句中动词应该用第三人称单数形式。 【难度说明】：中等

76. No other technological development has had ______ as the growth of electronics on so many aspects of social, economic, and cultural development. (impact)

没有哪项技术的发展像电子技术这样，对我们的社会、经济以及文化等诸多方面产生过如此重要的影响。

【答案】：as great an impact 【解析】：本题考查as…as结构引导的同级比较。注意as…as结构中间的名词应该置于形容词之后。 【难度说明】：中等

77. You ______ the meeting to tell me that; you could have come to tell me afterwards. (interrupt)

你不该打断会议来告诉我那件事，你本可以会后告诉我。

【答案】：shouldn’t have interrupted / oughtn’t to have interrupted 【解析】：本题考查情态动词表“本……”的使用。句子实际上是要说做了本不应该做的事情，因此用shouldn’t / oughtn’t have done结构来表达。 【难度说明】：容易

78. This novel was once the ______ book in high schools in the United States. (read) 这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。

【答案】：most widely read 【解析】：本题考查过去分词作定语的功能。句子实际的意思是“这是被读得最广泛的书”，因此用过去分词来修饰book。

【难度说明】:难

79. The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. ______ many stone sculptures of famous historical figures. (stand)

大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那儿。 【答案】：There stand 【解析】：本题考查完全倒装。There, here在句首时句子要进行完全倒装。 【难度说明】：中等。

80. It was several minutes ______ what he was saying. (take) 过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。

【答案】：before I took in / before I could take in 【解析】：本题考查时间状语从句。句中的“才”提示使用before来引导从句。 【难度说明】：中等。

第二节：短文写作（共1题；满分30分）

请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，用英语写一篇短文。

Small things make a big difference. The small things we do can make us a responsible member of the society.

注意：①无须写标题；

②除诗歌外，文体不限；

③内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例； ④文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；

⑤词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。

【答案】

It isn’t hard to grow up into a responsible member of society.

I can well remember an incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon. I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly. A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation. Luckily she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest hospital. Compared with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did.

As a member of the society, I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society. 【解析】

自从2010年英语作文改革之后，传统作文的万能模板已经不再能应付所有的作文题目。纵观近5年的英语作文，每一年的关键词都不一样。今年的作文题目中有两个关键短语：small things make a big difference以及a responsible member of the society. 学生们平时在平时的月

考，调考以及模拟考试中，作文题目大多数都是关于校园生活的，而2014年的高考中，作文题目明确指出要做有社会责任感的人。所以学生必须要认真仔细地读题目，防止偏题。 根据湖北高考作文的评分标准，考官首先会根据文章的内容和语言判定作文所属的档次，然后再从以下几个方面评价学生的作文得分：内容切题，语言表达准确，多样，连贯，得体。另外，学生也需要注意自己作文的标点符号和卷面书写。 【范文解析】

It isn’t hard to grow up into a responsible member of society.

I can well remember an incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon. I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, ①which drove off quickly. A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in② without hesitation. Luckily she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest hospital. ③Compared with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did. As a member of the society, I am aware that④ being responsible is ⑤what it takes to make a better society. ① 非限制性定语从句 ② 高级短语 ③ 过去分词做状语 ④ 动名词做主语 ⑤ 表语从句

绝密★启用前

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷）

英语试题答案

第一部分：听力（每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1. C 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. C 16. B 17. B 18. A 19. A 20. B 第二部分：词汇知识运用

第一节：多项选择（每小题1分，满分10分）

21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. B 第二节：完形填空（每小题1分，满分20分）

31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. A 41. D 42. A 43. A 44. C 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 第三部分：阅读理解（每小题2分，满分40分）

A篇：51. C 52. A 53. D 54. B B篇：55. C 56. B 57. B 58. D C篇：59. A 60. D 61. C 62. B D篇：63. D 64. A 65. B 66. D E篇：67. A 68. B 69. C 70. C 第四部分：书面表达

第一节：完成句子（每小题2分，满分20分） 71. (in order) to save money so as to save money 72. has accumulated

73. it might/may be helpful

74. whoever provides/has provided 75. that has been selected 76. such a great impact as great an impact

77. shouldn’t have interrupted oughtn’t to have interrupted 78. most widely read 79. There stand

80. before I could take in before I took in 第二节：短文写作（满分30分） One Possible Version

It isn’t hard to grow up into a responsible member of society.

I can well remember an incident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon. I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was

knocked down by a passing car, which drove off quickly. A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation. Luckily she was not badly injured and we sent her to the nearest hospital. Compared with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did.

As a member of the society, I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.