2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 历史类阅读理解选练(3)

Starting in 1972，the National Park Service established a policy for forest fires called Natural Burn．It was acknowledged that some forest fires，such as those which were caused by lighthing were necessary for forests to maintain(保持)balanced ecosystems，so the fire should be allowed to burn．However， a big fire in Yellowstone National Park in 1988 caused this policy to be abandbned since the fire was initially（最初）allowed to burn yet soon out of contro1．As a result，the fire of 1988 destroyed much of Yellowstone，which is America’s oldest and most beloved national park．Massive areas of plants were destroyed，and large empty spaces and acres of burned and blackened trees greeted visitors．The rivers and streams were choked with ash，and the ecosystem of the park was changed beyond repair．

In addition，great numbers of animals were killed by the fires that burned out of control. The fires were driven by high winds，moving as many as ten miles a day．Many small animals died in the flames．The fires’rapid advances gave the wildlife little chance to escape．Even today，few of these small forest animals have returned to live in the park. In the years immediately following the fires，the numbers of visitors declined. rapidly．No one was interested in seeing a blackened and treeless park on vacation．Yellowstone had previously been famous for its amazing views and unique geological formations such as the geyser(喷泉) Old Faithful．But now its reputation as America's wonder is damaged permanently．

【小题1】Natural Burn was adopted because some forest fires were ______________ A．hard to put out B．started by lightning

C．good for the balance of nature D．approved by National Park Service

【小题2】The big fire in Yellowstone in 1988 _______________． A．became out of control at first

B．brought the natural burn policy to an end C．was allowed to burn continuously

D．destroyed the park pletely

【小题3】Why were so many animals killed in the big fire? A．Because winds were blown from high places． B．Because the animals moved only ten miles a day． C．Because the animals lived in lower places．

D． Because strong winds contributed to the fire a lot． 【小题4】Yellowstone was famous for its ______________． A．rare animals B．unique plants C．beautiful scenery D．1ittle streams

【小题5】The text probably es from _____________． A．a geography magazine B．a news report C．a mercial ad D．a science fiction

xx高考英语阅读理解--历史类

There is no better way to enjoy Scottish traditions than going fishing and tasting a little bit of whisky(威士忌)at a quiet place like the Inverlochy Castle. When Queen Victoria visited the castle in 1873, she wrote in her diary, “I never saw a lovelier spot ,” And she didn’t even go fishing.

Scotland is not easily defined. In certain moments, this quiet land of lakes and

grasses and mountains changes before your very eyes. When evening gently sweeps the hillside into orange light ,the rivers, filling with fish, can turn into streams of gold . As you settle down with just a fishing pole and a basket on the bank of River Orchy, near the Inverlochy castle , any frustration（烦恼）will float away as gently as the circling water. It’s just you and purple , pink ,white flowers, seeking a perfect harmony . If you are a new er to fishing, learning the basics from a fishing guide may leave you with a lifetime’s fun. For many, fishing is more than a sport; it is an art.

Scotland offers interesting place where you can rest after a long day’s fishing. Set against a wild mountain and hidden behind woodland , the beautiful Inverlochy Castle Hotel below the Nevis is a perfect place to see the beauty of Scotland’s mountains . Ben Nevis is the highest of all British mountains , and reaching its 1342-metre top is a challenge . But it’s not just what goes up that matters; what es down is unique . More than 900 metres high, on the mountain’s north face, lies an all-important source of pure water. Its name es form the Gaelic (盖尔特) language “usqueb” or “water of life”; And it is the single most important ingredient(原料) in Scotland’s best-known drink: whisky. 【小题1】How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed? A．By giving descriptions. B．By following time order. C．By analyzing causes. D．By making parisons.

【小题2】What is Ben Nevis special for? A．The Inverlochy Castle Hotel. B．The beauty of its surroundings. C．The water from the mountain. D．The challenge up to its top.

【小题3】What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce Scottish traditions to tourists. B．To show the attractions of Scotland to readers.

C．To explore geographical characteristics of Scotland. D．To describe the pleasures of life in Scotland。

【小题4】The story of Queen Victoria is to show that _____. A．the Queen is rich in tour experience B．the Castle is a good place to go in Scotland C．tasting whisky is better than going fishing D．1873 is a special year for the Queen

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions (使命) often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the day’s work. This type of schedule is far too demanding for long missions on the International Space Station (ISS) . ISS crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off tomimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can municate with family and friends by email, internet phone and through private video conferences.

While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crewmember put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading material for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth. During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. And as from early xx, the internet

became available on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do some“web surfing (冲浪) ” in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more mon entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space.

Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth. Both the shuttle and the ISS circle the planet several times each day, and every moment offers a new view of the Earth’s vast land mass and oceans.

1. What does the word “mimic” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Find. B. Copy. C. Change. D. Lose.

2. Which of the following best describes the families of the astronauts on the ISS? A. They are caring and thoughtful. B. They are worried and upset. C. They are impatient and annoyed. D. They are excited and curious. 3. In the final paragraph, the author shows that astronauts . A. get more pleasure in space than on the Earth B. find living in space a bit boring and tiring C. regard space life as mon D. love to see the Earth from space

4. The passage mainly discusses how astronauts .

A. work for longer missions in space B. connect with people on the Earth C. observe the Earth from space D. spend their free time in space 【参考答案】1—4、BADD

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Top lists are lecturing people on everything from “100 places to visit” to

“100 books to read”. Aren't you just tired of being told what to do with your time? Now you have a list to end all lists!

Take a look at the following two examples from the list of “101 things not to do”：

Swim with Dolphins(海豚)?

Swimming with dolphins is one of the world's most profitable tourist activities.However, not every dolphin will wele having their busy, tiring day interrupted by tourists screaming and pushing around them in the water. Worse yet, when dolphins get too near to the boats loaded with tourists, they could get caught up in ropes and killed by propellers(螺旋桨)．

Here's a little secret. Dolphins look like smiling at you, but actually they're just opening their mouths.

Go to See the Mona Lisa?

There must be something about the mysterious(神秘的) smile. The 6 million people who visit the lady in the Louvre every year can't all be wrong, after all. But they can be quite annoying, standing in front of you; holding up their cameras to prevent you from seeing anything. In fact, it is hard for you to see the painting clearly because you have to stay away from it for security reasons. After queuing for hours, many tourists can remain in front of the painting only for 15 seconds at most.

If the mysterious lady in the picture knew her fate, she wouldn't just be smiling, she'd be laughing.

So, still long to see the Mona Lisa? If you want to find out more about the list, read 101 Things NOT to Do Before You Die. Visit not2dobeforeidie.co.uk and buy the book at a 20% discount.

1. According to the passage, swimming with dolphins ________. A. is the world's most popular tourist activity B. gives fun to both tourists and dolphins C. will make tourists busy and tired D. can cause danger to dolphins

2. What does the author think about going to see Mona Lisa? A. It is wrong to go and see the mysterious smile. B. It is not as satisfying as expected.

C. Fifteen seconds in front of the painting is enough.

D. Queuing for hours is worthwhile.

3. The list of “101 things not to do” is made most probably because its author ________.

A. thinks it boring to do the things suggested by other lists B. believes other lists are not humorous enough C. intends to persuade people to read more lists

D．wants to provide a list different from other lists 4. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To advertise a book. B. To introduce a website. C. To ment on popular lists. D. To remend tourist activities.

【要点综述】该篇短文前面否定“100 lists to do”的种种弊端，最后推出自己的101 Things NOT to Do Before You Die，很明显是一则常见的广告。

1. D 细节理解题。从Swim with Dolphins下面材料中的第一段最后一句可知和海豚一起游泳会给海豚带来危险。

2. B 细节理解题。在Go to See the Mona Lisa的材料中，作者反复论证了go to see the Mona Lisa的诸多弊端，每年大量的游客前往参观，个人不可能有预想的观赏效果。

3. D 推理判断题。该文采取先抑后扬的写作技巧，其目的是要提出不同的观点。 4. A 写作意图题。该篇材料最后点出写作目的，即为101 Things NOT to Do Before You Die打广告。

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 历史类阅读理解选练（4）

【xx高考英语河南省开封市一模】A

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

From the health point of view we are living in a wonderful age. A large number of once fatal illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery. But though the pos sibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible killing of people on the roads. Man is opposite to the motor-car! It is a neverending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people are

killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.

It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering-wheel(方向盘) , his car bees the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man's worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may bee unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They are rude, ill-mannered and aggressive. All their hidden frustrations and disappointments seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving.

The surprising thing is that society smiles on the motorist and seems to forgive the behaviour. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities and towns are made ugly by huge car parks.

It is high time a world law were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are not strict and even the strictest are not strict enough. A law which was universally accepted could only have a beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some things that might be done. The driving test should be made to a fixed standard and far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21 ; all vehicles should be put through strict annual tests for safety. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be mad much stricter. Driving speed should be limited on all roads. These measures may sound extremely severe. But surely nothing should be considered difficult if it results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars. 56. The main idea of this passage is______.

A. traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists B. thousands of people in the world are killed each year C. only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents D. the laws of some countries about driving are too strict 57. Which of the following is right according to the passage? A. It is right to build huge car parks in cities and towns. B. all the drivers must be asked to take a test every year.

C. Working by car can save time and money. D. Society overlooks their rude driving.

58. Why does the author say\" his car bees the extension of his personality\" ? A. Driving can show his real self.

B. Driving can bring out his good character. C. Driving can make a man excited and joyful. D. Driving can make a man quiet and pleasant. 59. The attitude of the author is______.

A. approving B. critical C. sympathetic D. aggressive 【参考答案】56—59\\CDAB

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

People who are taking aspirin regularly to thin their blood and are about to undergo coronary artery bypass surgery (冠状动脉旁路搭桥术) are usually to stop the aspirin a week before the operation – but they could be better off if they keep taking it. Taking aspirin up to the day coronary artery bypass grafting (移植) is performed seems to speed lung function recovery afterwards, without increasing the risk of bleeding significantly, according to a report from Israel.

Release of a substance called thromboxane (血栓素) is associated with lung injury after heart bypass grafting, Dr Rabin Gerrah at Assuta Medical Center in Tel Aviv and his colleagues explained in the medical journal Chest. Aspirin is believed to inhibit release of thromboxane, so Gerrah’s group theorized that the administration of aspirin until the day of the surgery could improve outes.

They therefore followed 14 patients who took 100 milligrams of aspirin daily until the day of the surgery and 18 who stopped taking aspirin at least 7 days before the surgery.

Those who continued with their aspirin had significantly lower thromboxane in fluid

around the heart, better oxygen levels in their blood and spent less time on a ventilator(呼吸器) than the group who discontinued taking aspirin.

On the other hand, the need for blood transfusions was no different between the groups, indicating that bleeding plications were no worse with aspirin.

The researchers had excluded patients who had suffered a heart attack and those with heart failure because patients like these have a higher level of thrombaxane. “They will probably benefit even more than its inhibition.”

Based on their findings, Gerrah’s team remends that aspirin therapy(治疗) not be discontinued before coronary artery bypass surgery. 1. From the passage we know that_______.

A. doctors usually get people who will have coronary artery bypass surgery to stop taking aspirin 7 days before the operation

B. aspirin is believed to increase release of thromboxane

C. taking aspirin up to the day coronary artery bypass grafting is performed seems to slow lung function recovery afterwards

D. patients suffering a heart attack have a lower level of thromboxane 2. The purpose of the passage is to introduce to us that _________. A. aspirin can make for release of thromboxane

B. aspirin is useful for patients suffering a heart attack C. different ways turn out to be the same result D. aspirin may improve recovery after heart bypass

3. According to Dr Rabin Gerrah, patients who will have heart bypass surgery should _______.

A. stop taking aspirin before the surgery

B. take aspirin as much as they like until the day of the surgery

C. be allowed to take 100 milligrams of aspirin daily until the day of the surgery

D. take aspirin after the heart bypass operation

4. What does the underlined word “inhibit” in paragraph 3 mean? A. to bee larger or better than normal

B. to make something happen more slowly than normal C. to cause to be nervous or embarrassed D. to improve something in poor condition 【参考答案】1—4、ADCB

阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The American book Who Moved My Cheese has been a bestseller all over the world. It teaches people how to face changes in their lives. Now its author Spence Johnson has written a book just for teens. The book tells us that when facing change in our lives, like a new school or new friends, don't be afraid. Instead, use this change to make a better life. The book gives an example of a change at school. A school is changing from having two terms to three terms because there are too may students. Several teens are talking about this. Most of them are unhappy and worried. But Chris is not. He laughs and tells a story about two mice, two \"little people\" and some cheese.

The four are in a maze looking for the cheese. Here, cheese means something important in life, like moving to a new class or getting into college. But they find the cheese is gone. The mice realize that they can't change what has happened and have to find more cheese. This means finding different dreams. The little people, however, can't do this. They are afraid of change so they find no cheese. After Chris finishes the story, the friends understand one thing: to get more cheese, move in a new direction quickly. His friends understand how this can be used in the changes all teens face, such as doing well at school or having good relationships or just feeling good about yourself.

1. The book Who Moved My Cheese is _______.

A. written all over the world B. read across the world C. sold only in America D. loved only by teens 2. What does the text mainly discuss?

A. Never change in our life. B. Change when you like to do. C. Change with the changes. D. Pay attention to the changes. 3. The underline word \"four\"(paragraph 3) refers to _____.

A. Mice and little people B. Students C. Cheese D. Readers 4. In our lives, we should learn from _______.

A. Mice B. Little people C. Chris D. Spence Johnson 5. Which of the following statements is true? A. The author is Britain.

B. There are three terms in every school. C. Most teens don't understand Chris' story.

D. The book tells teens how to face changes in their lives.

【参考答案】1—5、BCAAD

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall?What do you think caused this change in colour?It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields. ponents of Soil

Soil is made up of a number of layers(层),each having its own distinctive colour and texture. The upper layer is know as the litter. It acts like a blanket,limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss. The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus(腐殖质),which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour. This layer is usually rich in

nutrients,oxygen,and water. Below the topsoil is the subsoil,a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter. This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus. Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock. Soil forms from the bottom up. Over time bedrock is attacked by rain,wind,frost,and snow. It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering. Plants begin to grow,and rotten materials enrich the topsoil. Most of the soil in Eastern Canada,for example,was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared 12,000 years ago. Water Beneath the Soil

Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes,ponds,and rivers. Once in the soil or rock,it is called groundwater. Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透). Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table. Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate. As water percolates downward,it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers. This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth. Soil pH

Soil can be acidic,neutral,or basic. The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock from which it was formed,and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it.

The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil. By burning fossil fuels such as coal,oil and gasoline,humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils. When fossil fuels are burned,gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain. Acid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels. As nutrients are removed,soil is less fertile. Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil,and also bee easily attacked by diseases.

1. The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is

called .

A. litter B. topsoil C. humus D. subsoil 2. According to the text,which of the following isNOT true? A. Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface.

B. The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than the surface soil. C. Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil. D. Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth. 3. We can infer from the passage that the water table lies . A. between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer B. in the subsoil layer above bedrock C. between the subsoil layer and bedrock D. in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil

4. The underlined word“dissolve” is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are .

A. rushed away into the river B. cleaned and purified by water C. destroyed and carried away by water D. mixed with water and bee part of it 【参考答案】1--4、BBCD

【xx高考英语河南省开封市一模】B

Li Du is a 6yearold boy. But his world is far removed from his contemporaries(同龄人). His mother died of AIDS in xx and his father, suffering from a terrible cough and fever, went off last summer. The HIV-positive boy lives at the end of a path on top of the mountain in his windowless, furniture-less, gray-brick house. His parents moved to the top of the mountain six years ago after both being diagnosed as HIV-positive. Dressed in torn clothes, Li Du's only relief is Lao Hei , his dog.

The boy washes his clothes and cooks his own food at an age when his contemporaries are still being fed by their parents. Putting some rice and green vegetables into a pot and placing it on a stove made of several blocks, he starts a fire with amazing speed. He uses no oil or salt but still eats his meal with great enjoyment and sets aside a bit for his dog.

Li Du is HIV-positive but has no clue what those letters mean. All he knows is that those who were once his friends have deserted him and doctors refused to help him when he accidentally tipped boiling water on his hands.

\"But my grandmother always es to see me, \" the boy says. However, his 84 year-old grandmother will not say why she has not taken him to live with her and his uncles and aunts.

He often sits in the open area in front of his home staring at the path that leads to the outside world, hugging his dog, lost in thought. He was in school but only for one term. The local primary school allowed him to take the preschool course for one term, but then they had to ask him to leave after his father was gone, considering the feeling of the other parents. He often takes out his old textbooks, touching them like little treasures.

The latest news is that an old couple has decided to adopt Li Du and Lao Hei, as well as the chicken he is raising. The local Red Cross Association is also talking about providing proper medical care for him. But there is still one question that troubles the little boy: \"When can I go back to school? \" 60. Who stays with Li Du most of the time?

A. His grandma. B. His dog. C. His friends. D. The villagers. 61. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Li Du takes care of himself. B. Li Du's food is almost tasteless. C. Li Du has no idea what AIDS is. D. Nobody is willing to help the boy. 62. What is the best title of the passage?

A. A Boy And His Books B. A Capable Boy

C. A Boy Not To Be Forgotten D. A Boy Lacking Medical Care 【参考答案】 60—62\\BCD