1．动词过去式的规则变化: 1）. 直接加 -ed
work -- worked, ask -- asked, help -- helped 2）. 以不发音的e结尾的，加-d
like -- liked, love -- loved, exercise -- exercised 3）. 辅音字母+y结尾, 改y为i, 再加-ed study -- studied carry -- carried 4）. 元音字母+y结尾，直接加-ed
enjoy-- enjoyed play– played stay -- stayed
5）. 重读闭音节且以一个辅音字母结尾，双写此辅音字母再加-ed stop – stopped, shop -- shopped, plan -- planned 2．不规则动词的过去式
am/is –was are – were beat – beat bring --brought buy – bought come – came cut – cut do --did drive – drove eat – ate find – found feel – felt hang – hung have –had get –got give – gave
go –went lose – lost leave –left make – made put – put read – read see –saw sleep – slept take – took win – won
3. there be 结构的用法。
There is a seal in the aquarium.
一般疑问句 →Is there a seal in the aquarium? 肯定/否定回答→Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
there be... 某地方有某物 sb have sth. 某人拥有某物 例如：我有一只小猫。 I have a little cat.
桌子底下有一只小猫。 There is a little cat under the desk. there be的be动词有后面的主语决定单复数。
例如：There are two apples and a banana on the table.
There is a banana and two apples on the table. 4．sound + 形容词 类似的还有: smell闻起来 look 看起来 taste 吃起来sound like +名词。听起来像是… 那听起来很恐怖。 That sounds terrible.
那听起来像是一个好主意。That sounds like a good idea. 那听起来不错That sounds good 那看起来不错That looks good. 那吃起来美味That tastes delicious. 那闻起来很棒That smells wonderful. 那似乎不错。That seems not bad.
5. hang out with sb与某人闲逛 注意hang的过去式为 hung 例如：我经常在周末跟朋友一起去公园闲逛。
I usually hang out with my friends in the park on weekends
feel 感觉起来
6. take photos 照相 单数形式为 take a photo =take a picture =take pictures. 注意：过去式为took photos.
例如：我在学校旅游中拍了很多照。我还跟Bill照了一张相。
I took many photos on the school trip. And I took a photo with Bill.
7. win a prize 获奖 注意： 获一等奖win first prize. 过去式为won a prize 例如：在这次比赛中要获奖是很难的，但是我获得了一等奖。
It was very difficult to win a prize in the competition, but I won first prize. 8. get sb’s autograph 得到某人的亲笔签名 例如：你昨天得到超级丹的亲笔签名了吗？ Did you get Super Dan’s autograph ?
9. else与other 的区别: 意思都是“其他的” else 只能跟疑问词或不定代词连用。other 后面必须有名词。根本的区别是如果后面有名词就必须用other. 例如：What else do you have? 你还有别的什么吗?
What other animals do you know? 你还知道其他什么动物吗？
You can give the book to anybody else. 你可以把这本书给任何其他人。 10. How was your last day off? 你上一次休假怎么样? = What was your last day off like？
11. 描述事件使用的顺序词：
First…, next…, then…., after that … , finally…. 首先 下一步， 然后 在那之后 最后 12. day off 休假，休息日
由此可以推论出，一天假 a day off 两天假 two days off 一周假 a week off 13. sleep late 起得晚，睡过头
例如：他经常睡过头，昨天他又睡过头了。
He often sleeps late, he slept late again yesterday. 14. 驾车兜风go for a drive
骑单车兜风 go bike riding. 散步 go for a walk.
“小明走路上学”两种表达方式: 1. Xiao Ming goes to school on foot.
2. Xiao Ming walks to school.
“小明搭公车去上学”的三种表达方式。 1.Xiao Ming goes to school by bus.
2.Xiao Ming takes a bus to school. 3. Xiao Ming goes to school on a bus.
―小明开车去上学‖的三种表达方式：1. Xiao Ming drives to school. 2. Xiao Ming goes to school by car. 3. Xiao Ming goes to school in his car. 15. take… back to SW 乘坐…回某地
例如：Bill 搭飞机去北京，但他乘坐火车回东莞。
Bill took a plane to Beijing, but he took a train back to Dongguan. 16. have a great/good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得开心
例如：你们玩的开心吗？ Did you enjoy yourselves? 17. at the end of与 in the end的区别 in the end最后 = finally = at last
at the end of + 时间或者地方。表示： 在…结束时，在…末尾 例如：1.我们将会在这个月末举行一次考试。
We are going to have an exam at the end of the month. 2.在路的尽头是一栋老房子。
There is an old house at the end of the road.
3.最后，我通过了考试。
In the end, I passed the exam.
18. have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快
例如： 我们愉快地学英语. We have fun learning English.
19. all day = the whole day 整天
例如：我们没有出去因为整天都在下雨。 We didn’t go out because it rained all day. 20. have a yard sale 举办庭院销售 21. in one’s opinion 以某人的观点
例如：在我看来， 你可以做的比他好。
In my opinion, you can do it better than him.
22. in the future 在未来
例如：我想在将来做一名医生。 I want to be a doctor in the future. 23. put sth. out 把某物放出去
例如：请你把你的湿漉漉的雨伞放出去。
Please put your wet umbrella out.
24. take sth. out 把某物拿出来
例如：当你在做操的时候请你把手从口袋里拿出来。
Please take your hands out from the pockets when you are doing the exercise. 25. luck ---- lucky ---- luckily 运气 ---- 幸运的 ---幸运地 (名词) --- (形容词) -- (副词)
例如：我幸运的通过了这次很难的考试，我是幸运的人，我有好运气。 I passed the difficult exam luckily， I am a lucky man, I have good luck. 26. bring — brought 带来 经常与here连用
take --- took 带走 经常与 there, to连用。
例如: 1.请把雨伞拿到那里去, 把书包带来这里.
Please take the umbrella there, and bring the bag here. 2.请把这封信带给你父亲，下周一带回学习。
please take the letter to your father, and bring it to school next Monday.
27. get wet 变湿,弄湿 get +形容词。 构成系表结构作谓语。 相类似的还有 get angry 变得生气 get tired 变累 get lost 迷路
例如：1.我们没有淋湿因为我们带了雨伞和雨衣。
We didn’t get wet because we took our umbrellas and raincoats. 2.我经常在城市中迷路。 I often get lost in the city. 28. in yesterday’s singing competition 在昨天的歌咏比赛中
29. have sth. for lunch 午餐吃……
例如;我经常午餐吃鱼。I usually eat fish for lunch. 30. help sb. do sth help sb. with sth 帮某人做某事
例如：你能帮助我学英语吗？ Can you help me with my English?
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