南京市2021届高三年级第三次模拟考试
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后。你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When does the conversation probably take place? A. In the morning. 【答案】B 【解析】
【原文】M: I’m so hungry, Mom. Is dinner going to be ready soon?
W: We just had lunch an hour ago! And you had two full plates of breakfast when you woke up. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the full price of the man’s jacket？ A. $15. 【答案】B 【解析】
【原文】W: So, what did you buy?
M: A jacket. It was a real bargain. I got it for half price, so I saved 15 dollars. W: That’s very cheap. I bought a similar one for 50 dollars last year. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who is the woman? A. A passenger. 【答案】C 【解析】
【原文】M: Is the customs examination here?
B. A health worker.
C. A customs officer.
B. $30.
C. $50.
B. In the afternoon.
C. In the evening.
W: That’s right. Your passport and health certificate, please. M: Here you are.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman know about? A. Major rivers. 【答案】C 【解析】
【原文】M: Do you know the major rivers and famous mountains in Europe? W: Hm. Ask me about capital cities instead. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man meet the woman？ A. To apply for a job. 【答案】A 【解析】
【原文】W: Take a seat, Mr. Black. Could you tell me which position interests you most? M: The sales manager position.
W: OK. But do you have any relevant experience?
B. To sell her something.
C. To reserve a seat.
B. Famous mountains.
C. Capital cities.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从愿中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where is the woman？ A. At the airport.
B. At a hotel.
C. In a dining hall.
7 What will the two speakers do this evening？ A. Have a meal together. 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】
【原文】W: Hello. Is Mr. Smith there? M: Speaking, please.
B. Visit some friends.
C. Relax themselves.
W: This is Fiona speaking.
M: Hello, Fiona. When did you arrive in New York?
W: I arrived just now. I tried to contact you by phone from the airport, but your line was busy. M: Where are you calling from?
W: From the Peace Hotel. Will you be free this evening? I’d like you to have dinner with me.
M: Of course, but only on condition that you will be my guest. I’ll call for you around seven and take you to enjoy seafood.
W: Splendid. I’ll relax myself first and wait for you. M: See you later. W: See you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the conversation mainly about？ A. The woman’s poor health.
B. The cleaning of the floor.
C. The prize for a good job.
9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers？ A. Husband and wife.
B. Doctor and patient.
C. Boss and employee.
10. What do we know about the Roomba? A. It helps the man with his work. B. It costs the woman nearly $400. C. It frees users of heavy housework. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 【解析】
【原文】M: The floor looks so shining. Did you call the cleaning company? W: No. I had a headache and returned home earlier. So I did it myself. M: A headache?
W: Don’t worry. I am feeling much better now. M: You could have called me.
W: Thanks, honey. It wasn’t as hard as you think. I have been using a Roomba recently. M: Oh, that cleaning robot? It costs a lot. Maybe $400?
W: Actually, I got it as a prize from my boss last week. You know I always do a good job. M: You saved a lot. By the way, how to use the Roomba?
W: It’s easy. Just press the button. You can do something else while it’s working. M: Interesting. Let me help clean the floor next time. W: Sure.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What does the book focus on? A. Food recipes.
12. Where are the two speakers from? A. China.
B. Canada.
C. South Korea.
B. Food supplies.
C. Food cultures.
13. How do most people in Africa and the Middle East cat? A. They prefer a fork and knife. B. They use wood or bamboo chopsticks. C. They push food inside with right hands. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 【解析】
【原文】M: What are you reading?
W: A book about the different ways people eat in different countries. M: A recipe book? Sounds boring to me.
W: Well, it’s not really about food. It’s about how people actually eat and what they eat with. For example, we use a fork and knife in Canada, don’t we?
M: Yes, I see. So, it’s not like that everywhere?
W: In the West, it’s the same case. But in many Asian countries, they prefer chopsticks. M: Asians are good at using chopsticks.
W: Yes. But do you know there are different kinds of chopsticks? Most chopsticks in China are made of wood or bamboo while metal chopsticks are more common in South Korea. M: What else does the book say?
W: Well, many people in Africa and the Middle East eat with right hands. But they never actually put hands into mouths. They carefully put food near mouths and then push it inside. M: Why?
W: Oh, it’s just part of the custom.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why did the woman argue with Frank？ A. He didn’t lend her money. B. He didn’t pay her money back. C. He didn’t believe in her any more.
15. How did the woman feel after the argument？ A. Excited.
B. Mistrusted.
C. Upset.
16. What does the man advise the woman to do？ A. Send an apology to Frank. B. Make a phone call to Frank. C. Have a face-to-face talk with Frank. 【答案】14. B 15. C 16. C 【解析】
【原文】W: I had a big argument with Frank yesterday. M: What did you argue about?
W: He borrowed some money from me and I needed it back. But he said he didn’t have the money yet. M: Well, he should pay the money back. W: Yes. I got annoyed with him after that. M: How much did you lend him?
W: Not much. Maybe he thought that I mistrusted him. What should I do? Shall I apologize? M: Not necessary. Talk to him about it. Close friends sometimes do have arguments. W: OK I will talk to him over the phone.
M: Hmm, I would meet him in person and talk to him if I were you. W: Anyway, we should fix things up.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. When was the regulation passed？ A. Last week.
B. Last month.
C. Two months ago.
18. Which is the last incident mentioned？ A. A college student was struck. B. A waitress had her legs broken.
C. A repairman suffered a back injury.
19. What will happen if you're caught phoning while driving？ A. You will be heavily ticketed. B. You will learn rules about safety. C. You will get a warning immediately. 20. How will the police find illegal behaviour？ A. They will use the road block. B. They will watch at a crossing. C. They will check drivers’ reports.
【答案】17. A 18. A 19. A 20. B 【解析】
【原文】There is a new reason to be extra careful over the holidays and the police are warning drivers about a new rule that was passed last week. Using a cell phone while driving is now considered as an illegal behavior. And with it will come heavy fines. We can all remember last year, when a repairman suffered a severe back injury when a green car struck him. And just two months ago, a waitress walking home from work was hit, breaking both of her legs. Most recently, a college student was knocked down at a crossing from careless driving. All incidents involved cell phones. You will be ticketed right away if you are caught using cell phones while driving. So, how will the police achieve this? Well, unlike a traditional road block, officers will be standing at crossings, monitoring drivers as they come to a stop. Previously, the police asked other people to call in and report other drivers, but it’s not clear how effective that was. So, be careful out there. Not just for your own safety, but for others as well.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In Africa, the honeyguide birds can respond to human calls to lead people to honey—what scientists describe as a mutualistic interaction, or one that benefits both creatures. The birds tweet and fly from tree to tree to guide honey seekers to hidden bee nests, typically inside trees. Then, humans open the trees to find honey, and the birds can dine on beeswax, their favorite food.
Dogs have an excellent sense of smell, which is why the folks at Penn Vet Working Dog Center are training dogs to identify the smell of cancer using tissue and blood samples from people who suffer. The scientists hope to develop a way for dogs to screen samples first, then perform follow-up testing on the samples the dogs flagged—a system for spotting cancer in its early stages. Having a snake wrapped around your neck isn’t necessarily what you usually expect. But Monty, a 13-year-old snake has been helping customers relax with neck massages(按摩). It’s unlikely he was trained to do the job and is just pulsating like any other snake would when around a person’s neck. Regardless, this special snake books out a few weeks in advance. The Guide Horse Foundation has been training miniature horses (those standing 34 inches or less) as assistance animals for the visually damaged since 1999. Miniature horses are ideal service animals for people who feel uncomfortable with dogs or who want a guide animal with a longer life span. The horses typically live from 30 to 40 years.
21. According to the text, which animal can help you relax? A. A snake.
C. A honeyguide bird.
22. Miniature horses could serve _________. A. blind people who dislike dogs C. animal lovers who search for honey 23. The text is about animals’ _________. A. special training C. unique jobs
【答案】21. A 22. A 23. C 【解析】
B. great potentials D. high intelligence
B. blind people who can live longer D. animal lovers who suffer from cancer B. A dog.
D. A miniature horse.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种动物的独特职业。 【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格第三段中“But Monty, a 13-year-old snake has been helping customers relax with neck massages(按摩).”可知，13岁的蛇Monty通过颈部按摩帮助客人放松。故选A项。 【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格最后一段中“Miniature horses are ideal service animals for people who feel uncomfortable with dogs or who want a guide animal with a longer life span.”可知，对于那些感觉与狗相处得不舒服与或者想要一个较长寿命的向导动物的人来说，小型马是理想的服务动物。由此可知，小型马可以为不喜欢狗的盲人服务。故选A项。 【23题详解】
主旨大意题。结合全文，文章介绍了四种动物的独特职业。故选C项。
B
With the world’s attention on vaccines (疫苗), now feels like a good moment to sing the praises of an often forgotten contribution to their development. Three hundred years ago this month, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu got her daughter inoculated (接种) against smallpox, making her child the first person in the West to be protected in this way. Without Montagu’s willingness to adopt a practice she had learned from other cultures, the introduction of vaccines around 80 years later would never have taken place.
Montagu first witnessed inoculation when she accompanied her husband to Turkey in 1717. Inoculation had started in Asia, probably in China, as early as the 10th century AD. Montagu observed how older women in Turkey took a tiny amount of pus（脓）from a person with smallpox. They then used needles to make cuts on people’s wrists and ankles and added the pus to their bloodstream. This helped people gain immunity from future infection.
Like other visitors to the country, Montagu took steps to ensure that her son was inoculated in Turkey. This worked well, but she knew that trying it in England would be far more challenging. Inoculation performed by unlicensed amateurs would threaten doctors’ professional standing and potentially rob them of valuable income. Churchmen also disagree with the practice, as they saw it as going against nature.
Back in England, Montagu observed the increased severity of smallpox infections. Eventually, in April 1721, she decided to use the Turkish practice to have her daughter inoculated, because she believed that the rewards would outweigh the risks. After a safe time had passed following the inoculation, Montagu allowed doctors to examine her daughter.
Doctors in Britain gradually accepted the practice. About so years later, a pioneering physician found smallpox vaccines to destroy smallpox completely. As early as last century, academics argued that Montagu was no more than
an enthusiastic amateur. In truth, she made a vital scientific contribution towards finding the cure for smallpox. 24. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The origin of smallpox inoculation. B. Montagu’s first access to inoculation. C. The benefits from smallpox inoculation. D. Turkish women’s invention of inoculation.
25. Montagu found it difficult to try inoculation in England because ________. A. it was against human nature C. it was beyond doctors’ abilities
26. What led doctors in Britain to accept inoculation? A. The increased severity of smallpox infections. B. A physician’s discovery of smallpox vaccines. C. The result of Montagu’s daughter’s inoculation. D. Montagu’s focus on its rewards rather than its risks. 27. What might be the best title of the test? A. An unsung hero C. Development of vaccines
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. C 27. A 【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了早期疫苗引入的历史。 【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Montagu first witnessed inoculation when she accompanied her husband to Turkey in 1717.（1717年，蒙塔古第一次目睹了疫苗接种，当时她陪丈夫去了土耳其。）”可知，第二段说的是她在土耳其第一次看到了有人接种的行为，也就是第一次接触到这种情况。故选B。 【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inoculation performed by unlicensed amateurs would threaten doctors’ professional standing and potentially rob them of valuable income.（由无执照的业余医师进行接种会威胁到医生的职业地位，并有可能剥夺他们宝贵的收入。）”可知，Montagu发现在英国接种疫苗很困难，因为它可能会损害医生的利益。故选B。 【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Eventually, in April 1721, she decided to use the Turkish practice to have her daughter
B. No limit to creation D. A historic medical innovation B. it might harm doctors’ interests D. it might shake churchmen’s belief
inoculated, because she believed that the rewards would outweigh the risks. After a safe time had passed following the inoculation, Montagu allowed doctors to examine her daughter.（最终，在1721年4月，她决定使用土耳其的方法让她的女儿接种疫苗，因为她相信回报会大于风险。在接种疫苗后的一段安全时间过后，Montagu允许医生为她的女儿进行检查。）”可知，Montagu的女儿接种的结果使英国的医生们接受了接种。故选C。 【27题详解】
标题判断题。这篇文章围绕的是M这个人将接种疫苗引进当地的过程，期间还将女儿作为实验对象，可见她对医学事业的奉献精神。B谈创造，偏离主题；C讲疫苗本身的发展，不全面；D讲历史性的医学创新，不符合主旨。故选A。
C
Men hunted.Women gathered. But the discovery of a woman buried 9,000 years ago in the Andes Mountains with weapons and hunting tools challenges this widely accepted view. The woman, thought to be between 17 and 19 years old when she died, was buried with items that suggested she hunted big-game animals by spear (矛) throwing.
The objects accompanying people in death tend to be those that accompanied them in life. Although some scholars have suggested a role for women in ancient hunting, others have dismissed this idea even when hunting tools were uncovered in female burials.
To examine whether this woman found at this site was an exception, the researchers examined 429 skeletons at 107 burial sites from around 8,000 to 14,000 years ago. Of those, 27 individuals were buried with hunting tools—11 were female and 15 were male. The sample was sufficient to “justify the conclusion that female participation in early big-game hunting was likely nontrivial,” said lead study author Haas.
The findings add to doubts about “man-the-hunter” assumption about early humans since the mid-20th century. That theory assumes that it was men who went out and hunted, bringing home meat to feed women and children, who were responsible for gathering berries, plants and nuts to enrich the dict.
But recent research suggests hunting was very much a community-based activity, needing the participation of all able-bodied individuals to drive large animals, the study said. Meanwhile, the spears used at that time had low accuracy, encouraging participation, and using it was a skill learned from childhood. Women may also have been freed from child care demands by “allo-parenting”—raising children was a job shared by many.
“Our findings have made me rethink the most basic organizational structure of ancient hunter-gatherer groups, and human groups more generally,” Haas said.
28. The discovery of the buried woman shows ________. A. she was killed by a big-game animal C. women were good at throwing spears
B. she might use hunting tools when alive D. women were buried alone after death
29. The underlined word “nontrivial” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A. limited
B. direct
C. significant
D. passive
30. Which of the following lead to women’s involvement in hunting?
①allo-parenting ②big-game hunting ③tasks of gathering ④less accurate tools A. ①②③
B. ②③④
C. ①③④
D. ①②④
31. Haas probably believes that ________.
A. most of our ancestors were buried with hunting tools B. we should reconsider previous views on human groups C. division of labor in hunter-gatherer society remains unchanged D. the tomb found in the Andes justifies “man-the-hunter” assumption 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 【解析】
这是一篇说明文。研究了古代狩猎中女性所扮演的角色，介绍了狩猎群体的组织结构。 【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The woman, thought to be between 17 and 19 years old when she died, was buried with items that suggested she hunted big-game animals by spear (矛) throwing. (这名女性被认为死的时候在17岁到19岁之间，埋葬的物品表明她用长矛猎杀大型猎物) ”，研究人员发现的女性说明她活着的时候可能会用打猎工具，故选B。 【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Of those, 27 individuals were buried with hunting tools—11 were female and 15 were male. The sample was sufficient to “justify the conclusion that female participation in early big-game hunting was likely nontrivial,” said lead study author Haas. (其中，27人埋葬的地方有狩猎工具，其中11人是女性，15人是男性。研究报告的主要作者Haas说，这一样本足以证明“女性参与早期大型狩猎活动可能是nontrivial”的结论)”，可知，在研究中发现的埋葬的地方有狩猎工具的男女比例相当，因此，女性在早期大型狩猎中有参与这一观点应当是正确的，是有重要意义的，故选C。 【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“But recent research suggests hunting was very much a community-based activity, needing the participation of all able-bodied individuals to drive large animals, the study said. Meanwhile, the spears used at that time had low accuracy, encouraging participation, and using it was a skill learned from childhood. Women may also have been freed from child care demands by “allo-parenting”—raising children was a job shared by many. (但最近的研究表明，狩猎在很大程度上是一种以社区为基础的活动，需要所有身体健全的人参与
大型动物的狩猎。同时，当时使用的长矛精度不高，所以鼓励大家都参与，使用长矛是从小学习的技能。女性也可以通 过“另类育儿”从育儿需求中解脱出来——抚养孩子是许多人共同的工作)”，可知，另类育儿解放了女性，大型狩猎以及使用的低精度的工具需要女性参与狩猎，也就是①②④导致女性参与狩猎，故选D。 【31题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段““Our findings have made me rethink the most basic organizational structure of ancient hunter-gatherer groups, and human groups more generally,” Haas said. (Hass说：“我们的发现让我重新思考了古代狩猎采集群体最基本的组织结构，以及更普遍的人类群体 ”)”，可知，Haas认为我们应当重新思考之前对人类群体的看法。故选B。
D
There is a school in my Manhattan neighbourhood that has been giving out free meals during the Covid-19 pandemic-and every time I walk past it the line seems longer A community fridge recently showed up a couple of blocks away; it’s one of many that activists have fixed across the city to fight against growing food insecurity. Just around the corner there’s a young woman who has become a regular among the beggars I usually see in the area. She lost her job because of Covid-19.
It’s not all doom and gloom. While the poor are getting poorer, the 1% are making out like robbers. America’s 600-plus billionaires saw their wealth grow by more than $700bn in the first few months of the pandemic. During the same period, more than 50 million American workers lost their jobs. The US government has printed trillions of dollars in economic relief but many of the forgivable emergency loans for small businesses seem to have been taken by the super-rich. My local independent coffee shop has closed down, but Kanye West received a partially forgivable loan worth at least $2m. It is becoming increasingly clear that the US is experiencing one of the biggest wealth transfers in history.
Bernie Sanders has a plan to help. Last week, Sanders introduced a bill, Make Billionaires Pay Act, that would establish a one-time 60% tax on billionaires’ pandemic gains and use the money to guarantee Americans free health care for a year. There is very little chance the bill will get passed.
Billionaires shouldn’t exist in the first place-the idea that they should be taxed at a higher rate during a pandemic to help pay health care shouldn’t be remotely controversial. However, there are some who think such a move would be extremely unfair to “poor unfortunate” billionaires who, as we all know, are one of the most unfairly hurt groups in the world.
32. How does the author develop the first two paragraphs? A. By listing numbers.
B. By giving definitions.
C. By presenting arguments. D. By making contrasts.
33. The underlined sentence “It’s not all doom and gloom.” implies that ________. A. the writer doesn’t feel depressed at all
B. the current situation of Covid-19 is getting better C. the woman has suffered more than we can imagine D. the billionaires still make profits during the pandemic
34. The bill, Make Billionaires Pay Act, was put forward to ________. A. rid the country of pandemic B. restrict the billionaires’ fortune C. provide short-term loans for health care D. ensure temporary free medical service
35. What is the author’s attitude towards the billionaires? A. Disapproving. C. Sympathetic.
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. D 35. A 【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在新冠病毒期间美国的贫富差距，并提到了一个法案，通过提高富人的税率纳税来帮助支付其他美国人的医疗费用。 【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“There is a school in my Manhattan neighbourhood that has been giving out free meals during the Covid-19 pandemic-and every time I walk past it the line seems longer.（我住的曼哈顿社区有一所学校，在Covid-19大流行期间一直在发放免费餐食——每次经过它，排队的人似乎都更长了。）”可知，第一段主要讲述了在新冠病毒期间，美国一些不富裕的人依靠救济生活的状况，第二段“America’s 600-plus billionaires saw their wealth grow by more than $700bn in the first few months of the pandemic. During the same period, more than 50 million American workers lost their jobs.（在疫情爆发的头几个月里，美国600多名亿万富翁的财富增长了逾7000亿美元。在同一时期，超过5000万美国工人失去了工作。）”说明在新冠病毒期间，美国富人反而赚了更多的钱。可见，作者对第一、二段通过对比的手法展开，体现了美国的贫富差距之大。故选D项。 【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“America’s 600-plus billionaires saw their wealth grow by more than $700bn in the first few months of the pandemic. During the same period, more than 50 million American workers lost their jobs.（在疫
B. Disappointed. D. Respectful.
情爆发的头几个月里，美国600多名亿万富翁的财富增长了逾7000亿美元。在同一时期，超过5000万美国工人失去了工作。）”可知，第二段主要讲述了在新冠病毒期间，美国富人反而赚了更多的钱。第二段和第一段形成对比，以体现美国的贫富差距之大，因此，作者这里说“It’s not all doom and gloom.（这不全是厄运和阴郁。）”显然是在反讽，说明亿万富翁们在大流行期间仍在盈利。故选D项。 【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Last week, Sanders introduced a bill, Make Billionaires Pay Act, that would establish a one-time 60% tax on billionaires’ pandemic gains and use the money to guarantee Americans free health care for a year.（上周，Sanders提出了一项法案——《让亿万富翁支付法案》，该法案将对亿万富翁的流行病收益征收一次性60%的税，并用这笔钱来保证美国人一年的免费医疗保健。）”可知，Sanders提出的这项法案是用富人的钱去保证美国人一年的免费治疗。因此这项法案的目的是保证美国人暂时的免费医疗服务。故选D项。 【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Billionaires shouldn’t exist in the first place-the idea that they should be taxed at a higher rate during a pandemic to help pay health care shouldn’t be remotely controversial.（亿万富翁本来就不应该存在——在流感大流行期间，他们应该以更高的税率来帮助支付医疗保健费用，这一点根本就不应该引起争议。）”可知，作者认为亿万富翁本来就不应该存在，说明作者对亿万富翁是反对的。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An important part of raising your children is teaching them good manners as it helps them be more successful in life. ____36____ Here are some “old-fashioned” but important manners for your modern kids. Saying “thank you” to service workers
Saying “thank you” is the base of all good manners but these days many children overlook thanking the people that help them in many little ways each day, like wait staff, store clerks, and bus drivers. It’s not just about politeness but about teaching children to recognize and acknowledge others’ contributions as valuable. ____37____ Taking turns talking
Teach your children to tap your arm and then wait patiently for you to acknowledge them before speaking. If they do interrupt, calmly tell them it’s rude to interrupt and let them know you’ll acknowledge them shortly. ____38____ Offer your children the same politeness and don’t interrupt them when it’s their tun to talk. Using their indoor voices
____39____ A parent should teach their children early on how to moderate their volume and tone based on the
situation. You can make it into a fun game for little ones, like seeing who can whisper the quietest at a cinema. Covering a cough or sneeze
These days it’s more important than ever to teach children to cough or sneeze into a tissue or their elbow. It’s not just a matter of hygiene (卫生)—no one enjoys getting spayed. ____40____ Don’t forget to teach them to say “excuse me” after.
A. Remember it goes both ways.
B. Consequently it makes others feel cared about. C. Games are very important for children’s good manners. D. Crying, laughing, or just talking, children can be very loud. E. Lacking basic manners will affect kids in all areas of their lives. F. It is also a way to help others feel safe and comfortable around you. G Eventually it’s about teaching them not to treat others as their servants. 【答案】36. E 37. G 38. A 39. D 40. F 【解析】
【分析】这篇文章介绍了要教给小孩子的一些文明举止 【36题详解】
上句说“An important part of raising your children is teaching them good manners as it helps them be more successful in life.”教养孩子的一个重要部分是教他们良好的举止，因为这有助于他们在生活中更成功。说的是需要培养孩子的言行举止，后句“ Here are some “old-fashioned” but important manners for your modern kids.”这里有一些传统但对你的现代孩子来说很重要的礼仪。说的是培养的建议，从逻辑上说题干肯定还在谈言行的重要性或者不培养后果。故选E。 【37题详解】
根据上句“It’s not just about politeness but about teaching children to recognize and acknowledge others’ contributions as valuable. ”这不仅仅是关于礼貌，而且是关于教孩子认识和承认别人的贡献是有价值的。说的是要礼貌对待劳动者，题干肯定还是和这个话题相关，G说的是不把劳动者看作仆人对待，符合语境。故选G。 【38题详解】
根据上句“ If they do interrupt, calmly tell them it’s rude to interrupt and let them know you’ll acknowledge them shortly”如果他们真的打断了，冷静地告诉他们打断是不礼貌的，并让他们知道你很快就会回复他们。以及下句“ Offer your children the same politeness and don’t interrupt them when it’s their turn to talk.”给你的孩子同样的礼貌，当他们想说话的时候不要打断他们。上句说的是大人要教会小孩不要打断他人说话，下句说的
是大人也要同样尊重孩子的发言，可见这个尊重是双向的。故选A。 【39题详解】
根据下句“A parent should teach their children early on how to moderate their volume and tone based on the situation. You can make it into a fun game for little ones, like seeing who can whisper the quietest at a cinema.”父母应该尽早教他们的孩子如何根据情况调节音量和语调。你可以把它做成小孩子的一个有趣的游戏，比如看电影院里谁的声音最安静。说的是教会小孩子在是适当场合要控制音量，可见题干说的就是孩子有时候会发出很大的声音。故选D。 【40题详解】
根据上句“These days it’s more important than ever to teach children to cough or sneeze into a tissue or their elbow. It’s not just a matter of hygiene (卫生)—no one enjoys getting spayed.”如今，教孩子们用纸巾或手肘咳嗽或打喷嚏比以往任何时候都重要。它不只是卫生没有人喜欢被溅射到。说的是打喷嚏要捂嘴或者用纸巾，因为没有人喜欢被溅射到，题干肯定是对其补充解释，F说的是这种礼貌可以让周围人感到安全舒适。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fatima grew up in rural Gohr Province, where there was no schooling available to girls. But she insisted on listening to BBC radio, which she could ____41____ when high enough in the hills.
“My sisters were forced to get married. I decided that I would not continue in their ____42____. That was why I decided to ____43____,” Fatima says.
She joined Facebook groups for history fans. ____44____ of people who only related Afghanistan to conflicts, Fatima started writing ____45____ about places that foreigners might not know about. Fatima started getting ____46____ from online friends. A man reached out to her saying he was going to be____47____ in Afghanistan and asking whether she was interested in showing him around in Herat. She said yes. Later, he recommended her to someone else and ____48____ Fatima came to the attention of a travel agency. The company ____49____ her in late 2020, and she became her country’s first female ____50____ tour guide. Of course, being a ____51____ is never easy. Fatima says many people have told her that it’s too dangerous for a woman to work, especially if it means ____52____ with men one-on-one. Fatima says that the ____53____ of her employers and the people she has met through giving tours is what keeps her ____54____. There’s also the implication（暗示）of what could happen if she does____55____:“If I give up, then other women will never start.” 41. A. take up 42. A. life
B. pick up B. choice
C. turn up C. tradition
D. build up D. business
43. A. work 44. A. Afraid 45. A. posts 46. A. responses 47. A. teaching 48. A. similarly 49. A. promoted 50. A. intelligent 51. A. researcher 52. A. playing 53. A. support 54. A. refreshed 55. A. relax
B. live B. Convinced B. letters B. donation B. settling B. obviously B. instructed B. devoted B. pioneer B. interacting B. patience B. recognized B. skip
C. study C. Certain C. novels C. lessons C. travelling C. hopefully C. hired C. efficient C. specialist C. exploring C. protection C. informed C. quit
D. travel D. Tired D. speeches D. guidance D. serving D. eventually D. trained D. professional D. celebrity D. cooperating D. contribution D. motivated D. insist
41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. D 51. 【答案】
B 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C 【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲的是阿富汗第一个职业女导游她儿时就不走寻常路，一心想成为其他阿富汗女子走出传统观念的第一人的鼓舞人心的故事。 【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但她坚持收听英国广播公司(BBC)的广播，她可以在高山上收听。A. take up拿起，开始从事；B. pick up捡起，承载，接收（信号）；C. turn up打开；D. build up增进，加强。根据空前的“But she insisted on listening to BBC radio”（但她坚持收听英国广播公司(BBC)的广播）可知，这里指的是她可以接收到收音机的信号。故选B项。 【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定不再延续他们的传统。A. life生活；B. choice选择；C. tradition传统；D. business生意。根据第二段第一句“My sisters were forced to get married. ”（我的姐妹们被迫结婚了）可知，法蒂玛不想重复姐姐的老路被迫的结婚，因此她不想延续那样的传统。故选C项。 【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就是我决定工作的原因，”法蒂玛说。A. work工作；B. live生活；C. study学习；D. travel旅行。根据空前““My sisters were forced to get married. I decided that I would not continue in their 2 . ”以及第三段最后一句“The company 9 her in late 2020, and she became her country’s first
female 10 tour guide.”可知，法蒂玛不想走姐姐那样传统的老路，而是想去工作。故选A项。 【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：法蒂玛厌倦了仅使阿富汗与冲突有关的人，开始撰写有关外国人可能不知道的地方的文章。A. Afraid害怕的；B. Convinced确信的；C. Certain确定的；D. Tired疲倦的，厌烦的。根据第三段前两句“She joined Facebook groups for history fans. 4 of people who only related Afghanistan to conflicts, Fatima started writing 5 about places that foreigners might not know about. ”可知，法蒂玛认为人们对自己的国家有误解，想通过写东西把一些地方介绍给大家，可见她是很厌烦别人总把自己国家和冲突联系在一起。故选D项。 【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：法蒂玛厌倦了仅使阿富汗与冲突有关的人，开始撰写有关外国人可能不知道的A. posts帖子，B. letters信；C. novels小说；D. speeches演讲。地方的文章。邮件；根据第三段第一句“She joined Facebook groups for history fans.”（她加入了Facebook上历史迷的群组。）可知，她是在Facebook上写帖子。故选A。 【46题详解】
A. responses响应，B. donation捐赠；C. lessons考查名词词义辨析。句意：法蒂玛开始收到网友的回复。回复；课；D. guidance指导。根据上一句“ Fatima started writing 5 about places that foreigners might not know about.”可知，她写的东西收到了网友们的回复。故选A项。 【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名男子找到她，说他要去阿富汗旅行，问她是否有兴趣带他去赫拉特转转。A. teaching教；B. settling安居；C. travelling旅游；D. serving为…服务。根据后面的“show around”可以看出，这个男子应该要来阿富汗旅游。故选C项。 【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，他把她推荐给了别人，最终一家旅行社注意到了她。A. similarly类似地；B. obviously明显地；C. hopefully有希望地；D. eventually最后。根据第三段后两句“Later, he recommended her to someone else and 8 Fatima came to the attention of a travel agency. The company 9 her in late 2020, and she became her country’s first female 10 tour guide.”可知，在这位男子的推荐下她最终到了一家旅行社工作。故选D项。 【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年末该公司聘用了她,她成为她国家的第一位女专业导游。A. promoted促进，提拔；B. instructed指导；C. hired雇佣；D. trained训练。根据第三段最后一句“she became her country’s first female 10 tour guide.”可知，旅行社已经雇佣她工作了。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2020年末该公司聘用了她,她成为她的国家的第一位女专业导游。A. intelligentB. devoted献身的，C. efficient有效率的；D. professional专业的。智能的，聪明的；忠诚的；根据本句“she became her country’s first female 10 tour guide.”可知，她被旅行社雇佣，是她们国家第一个专业的女导游。故选D项。 【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，做一个先锋从来都不是一件容易的事。A. researcher研究员；B. pioneer先锋，先驱；C. specialist专家；D. celebrity名人。根据第三段最后一句话“The company 9 her in late 2020, and she became her country’s first female 10 tour guide.”可知，这里应该是法蒂玛选择了第一个做女性职业导游，是阿富汗女子的先驱，应该用pioneer。故选B项。 【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：法蒂玛说，很多人告诉她，女人上班太危险了，尤其是如果这意味着与男人一对一地互动。A. playing玩；B. interacting互动；C. exploring探索；D. cooperating合作。这个应该要结合文化背景知识，就是阿富汗的女子不能与陌生男子一对一的说话，交流。故选B项。 【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。法蒂玛说，她的雇主和她通过导游遇到的人的支持使她保持动力。A. support支持；B. patience耐心；C. protection保护；D. contribution贡献。根据第三段倒数第二句“he recommended her to someone else and 8 Fatima came to the attention of a travel agency. ”和本句“Fatima says that the 13 of her employers and the people she has met through giving tours is what keeps her 14 . ”可知，法蒂玛得到了旅行社的关注和支持。故选A项。 【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：法蒂玛说，她的雇主和她通过导游遇到的人的支持使她保持动力。A. refreshed清爽的；B. recognized公认的；C. informed见多识广的；D. motivated有动机的，有积极性的。根据第四段最后一句“There’s also the implication（暗示）of what could happen if she does 15 :“If I give up, then other women will never start.””可知，雇主和客户的支持让她一直处于一种被激励的状态。故选D项。 【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果她真的辞职，也会有一个暗示：“如果我放弃，那么其他女人将永远无法开始。” A. relax放松；B. skip跳跃；C. quit离开，放弃；D. insist。根据空后“If I give up, then other women will never start.”（如果我放弃,那么其他的女人永远不会开始。）可知，前面指的是她真的放弃了导游机会，其他女性就永远不会开始。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Backpack China’s Silk Road
This is not a voyage that many travelers experience; it’s often overlooked in favour of more accessible and famous destinations in China. But for adventurous travelers looking for something ____56____（true）different, backpacking the Chinese Silk Road brings glorious rewards.
In history, the Silk Road included many routes that connected east and south Asia to Mediterranean Europe, so ____57____（name）because the largest goods traded down the route were Chinese silk.
Several historical ____58____ (branch) in the road mean that you have options when ____59____ (decide) your route. China’s northwest is historically one of ____60____ (it) least connected regions. The Jiayu pass, where the impressive Jiayuguan Fort was built in the 1370s, ____61____ (mark) the end of the Great Wall.
The region spreads over 2,400 km, most of ____62____ is separated by vast areas of desert. The region is now connected by high-speed rail, making getting around ____63____ easy thing. If taking an overnight train trip, equip yourself ____64____ food and plenty of bottled water before you start. Trains also usually sell beer and wine, but at high prices, so be sure to pack your own, as having a ganbei is a great way _____65_____ (meet) locals and make friends while traveling. 【答案】56. truly 57. named 58. branches 59. deciding 60. its 61. marks 62. which 63. an 64. with 65. to meet 【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。讲述了丝绸之路上的背包旅行，以及丝绸之路的历史。 【56题详解】
考查副词。句意：但对于那些想寻找一种真正不同的东西的冒险旅行者来说，在中国丝绸之路进行的背包旅行会带来丰厚的回报。修饰形容词different用副词形式作状语，故填truly。 【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在历史上，丝绸之路包括许多连接东南亚和地中海地区的欧洲国家的路线，之所以这样命名，是因为这条路线上贸易最大的商品是中国丝绸。此处是省略。完整的句子是“the Silk Road was so named”，这里主语与前面主句一致，主语和be动词形式被省略。故填named。 【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：道路上的几个具有历史意义的分支，意味着当你决定路线的时候有选择。分析句子可知，空格处是主语，用名词形式，由several修饰, 因此branch要用复数形式。故填branches。 【59题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：道路上的几个历史分支意味着你在决定你的路线时有选择。when引导时间状语从句，主从句主语一致，谓语动词含有be动词形式，省略从主语和be动词形式，这里完整的表达是“when you are deciding ”，故填deciding。 【60题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：中国的西北部在历史上是中国最不相连的区域之一。这里it指China，修饰名词regions，用形容词性物主代词，故填its。 【61题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：十四世纪七十年代最重要的嘉峪关堡垒建造的地方嘉峪关标志着长城的尽头。分析句子可知，where引导定语从句，修饰The Jiayu pass，因此整个句子缺谓语，描述现在的事实，用一般现在时，主语The Jiayu pass是第三人称单数，故mark用第三人称单数。故填marks。 【62题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这个区域大概2400km，大部分地方被广阔的沙漠分离。分析句子可知，“most of ____7____ is separated by vast areas of desert.”是定语从句，修饰The region，指物，从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 【63题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：现在这个地方被高速铁路连接，使得走动成为一件方便的事。根据句意，此处泛指“一件容易的事情”，同时easy的发音以元音音素开头，要用不定冠词an。故填an。 【64题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果你要坐一整夜的火车，在出发之前给你自己带上食物和大量瓶装水。equip sb. with sth.是固定短语，表示“配有”，故填with。 【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：火车通常也卖啤酒和葡萄酒，但价格很高，所以一定要自己打包，因为干杯是旅游时遇见当地人和交朋友的好方法。the way to do sth“做……的方式”，用不定式作定语，故填to meet。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是Sunshine School的学生李华，为了帮助同学们提高应急反应能力，请你代表学校写信邀请国际红十字会代表Mr. Smith来校开展一次急救知识培训，内容包括： 1.培训安排；
2.培训内容（至少两点）。 参考词汇：心肺复苏CPR 注意：1.词数80左右：
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. Smith,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Li Hua from Sunshine School. I’m writing to invite you to give us first-aid training to improve our emergency response abilities.
The training will last one hour from 3:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. on May 20th in the school hall. Would you please show us how to perform CPR and dress wounds? If time permits, we’d like to have a try under your guidance.
Your training will benefit us a lot. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写信邀请国际红十字会代表Mr. Smith来校开展一次急救知识培训，告知培训安排和培训内容。 【详解】1.词汇积累
邀请：ask sb. to do→invite sb. to do
培训：train→give sb. a training/give sb. first-aid training 尝试：try→have a try 指导：direction→guidance 帮助：help→benefit 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句
原句：The training will last one hour from 3:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. on May 20th in the school hall.
拓展句：The training will start from 3:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. on May 20th in the school hall which will last one hour. 【点睛】[高分句型1]
Would you please show us how to perform CPR and dress wounds? (你能告诉我们怎么做心肺复苏和包扎伤口吗? )
该句中使用了“would you please do…”句式表达委婉请求，“how to perform CPR and dress wounds”为“疑问词+to do 不定式”结构。 [高分句型2]
If time permits, we’d like to have a try under your guidance. (如果时间允许，我们愿意在您的指导下试一试。) 该句使用“if”引导条件状语从句。
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料。根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Joel stared at the ground. Rather, he stared at what was lying on the ground:a robotic glove. It was made of metal, with black and yellow paint. Joel looked around his backyard. How did a robotic glove end up next to his dad’s vegetable garden?
In any case, Joel had found it. And no one else was around.
That meant only one thing: finders keepers. Wasn’t that how finders keepers worked? If you found something and couldn’t find the owner, it was yours.
The robotic glove was now Joel’s. Picking up the glove. Joel realized it wasn’t as heavy as he expected it would be. Even though it was much bigger than his own hand, he decided to try it on.
He slipped his hand inside and felt the machine come to life. It beeped（发哔哔声）three times. Joel moved his fingers, and the robot fingers moved too. Joel walked over to a large tree branch that had fallen in his yard and wrapped the robotic fingers around it. He lifted the branch. It should have been heavy, but with the glove it was no heavier than a small branch.
He couldn’t believe it. Maybe it was a kind of antigravity machine reported in the newspaper. Now, what was he going to do with it?
Joel’s mom was inside rearranging the furniture. He could walk in and say “Do you need a hand with that?” before easily picking up the couch and setting it somewhere else.
At the library, he could say “Let me help” and carry in a tall stack of boxes filled with books. At the park, he could say “How about we eat lunch over there?” and carry the picnic table to a shady spot.
Everything would feel as light as a pencil. He’d feel like a superhero.
But first, he wanted to show his dad what he’d found. He started running toward the front yard. That’s when he
heard someone call, “Has anyone seen my robotic glove?” Joel stopped short.
Near the garage, his dad was talking to their new next-door neighbor, Mr. Shore. “I haven’t seen a robotic glove,” Joel’s dad said. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Joel’s eyes widened when he realized the glove belonged to Mr. Shore.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Just then, Joel's mom called out, “Help me move the couch!”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Joel’s eyes widened when he realized the glove belonged to Mr. Shore. Staring at it, he felt caught in a dilemma, though he knew finders keepers didn’t work if you found the owner. However, seeing the disappointment on Mr. Shore’s face, he took a deep breath and called out, “I found it!” Mr. Shore’s face lit up with relief. Joel ran over, took off the glove, and gave it to his neighbor. “I found it in the backyard,” Joel said. “I tried it on and I could lift a huge branch. It’s amazing.” (81 words)
Just then, Joel’s mom called out, “Help me move the couch!” He hesitated because without the glove, his dreams of being a superhero faded away. He felt so upset. Everyone looked at each other—and then everyone looked at the glove. Mr. Shore held it out to Joel with a giant smile. “Would you like to use it?” “Yes, please.” Joel’s smile was as big as Mr. Shore’s. He slipped on the glove and the couch was as light as a pencil. Joel felt like a superhero again! (77 words) 【解析】
【分析】本文以人物线索展开，讲述了Joel在爸爸的蔬菜园中发现了一个机器手套，在找不到失主后，他认为可以将其据为己有，在尝试戴上手套后，繁重的活变得十分轻松，他认为他可以做很多事情。在得知新邻居Shore先生正在寻找自己丢失的手套时，Joel虽然十分不舍将手套还回去，但是最终还是物归原主，并且借助Shore先生借给他的手套，帮助妈妈移动沙发的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当乔尔意识到手套是肖尔先生的时候，他的眼睛睁得大大的。”可知，第一段可描写Joel虽然不舍手套，但仍然将手套还了回去。
②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，乔尔的妈妈喊道:‘帮我搬一下沙发!’”可知，第二段可描写Shore先生将手套借给Joel，Joel帮忙移动了沙发。
2.续写线索：陷入两难——还手套——妈妈要求帮忙——Shore先生借手套——成功帮忙移动沙发 3.词汇激活 行为类
①.给：give/hand over ②.发现：find /spot ③.看：look at/stare at/watch 情绪类
①.心烦不安：upset/annoyed ②.惊讶：amazing/surprising/magic
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Staring at it, he felt caught in a dilemma, though he knew finders keepers didn’t work if you found the owner.（现在分词作状语、让步状语从句、名词性从句、条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. He hesitated because without the glove, his dreams of being a superhero faded away.（原因状语从句）
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