高 二 英 语 试 题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。第Ⅰ卷1至10页,第Ⅱ卷10至12页。满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
第I卷
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
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Elephants have impressed us for centuries. They are big, clever, and sociable. But what if someone told you that they may also hold the key to fighting cancer?
People have been wondering why elephants do not develop cancer, even though they have life spans(寿命)that are similar to humans, living for around 50 to 70 years.
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Now scientists believe they know why. A team at the University of Chicago, Us has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors(肿瘤)from developing. To be precise, they found 20 copies of an anti-tumor gene called TP 53 in elephants. Most other species, humans included, only carry one copy.
According to the research, which was recently published on the online science network BioRxiv, the extra copies of the gene improved the animal’s sensitivity to DNA damage. This lets the cells(细胞)quickly kill themselves when damaged before they can form deadly tumors.
“An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals,” study author Dr Vincent Lynch told The Guardian. If every living cell has the same chance of becoming cancerous, large creatures with long life spans like whales and elephants should have a greater risk of developing cancer than humans and mice do. But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass.
This phenomenon was found by Oxford University scientist Richard Peto in the 1970s and later named “Peto’s paradox”. Evolutionary biologists believe it results from larger animals using protection that many smaller do not, In the elephant’s case, the making of TP53 is nature’s way of keeping this species alive.
The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance as elephants. This means researchers could use the discovery to develop new treatments that can help stop cancers from spreading or even developing in the first place.
“Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer,” said Joshua Schiffman, an oncologist at the School of Medicine, University of Utah, US.
“It’s up to us to learn how different animals tackle(对付)the problem so we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people.” 4. Why are elephants unlikely to develop cancer?
A. They have a large body size
B. They carry many genes that keep tumors from developing C. Certain genes in their body kill existing tumors D. Their genes suffer no DNA damage
5. According to Dr. Vincent Lynch, what has been a risk in the evolution of large animals?
A. Extreme weather B. Cells killing themselves C. Human behavior D. A risk of deadly tumors
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6. What does the underlined expression “this phenomenon” on the sixth paragraph refer to?
A. The risk of cancer is not related to body size B. Larger animals have protection from TP53
C. Larger animals suffer the same risk of cancer as smaller ones do D. The larger animals are, the bigger risk of cancer they have 7. We can conclude from the last three paragraphs that .
A. depending on nature is not enough to fight against cancer B. the TP53 genes have proven useful in stopping cancer in mice C. this new treatment is more effective than the present ones D. humans are expected to stop cancer in the near future
C
The pickle jar(泡菜坛), as I can remember, sat beside the dresser in my parents’ bedroom. When ready for bed, Dad would toss any coins in his pockets into the jar. As they dropped, they landed with a merry jingle.
Whenever the jar was full, Dad would roll up the coins. Every time he slid the box of rolled coins across the counter at the bank toward the cashier, he would smile proudly and say,“All for my son’s college.”
We would always celebrate each deposit by stopping for an ice cream cone. Dad would show me the coins in his change, saying “When we get home, we’ll start filling the jar again.” He always let me drop the first coins into the empty jar. “You might have to get to college on loose change,” he said. “But you’ll get there.”
As years passed, I went to college, got married and took a job.
Once, while visiting my parents, I noticed the jar was gone. It had served its purpose. My dad was a man of few words and never lectured me on the values of determination, perseverance or faith. The jar had taught me those far better than the most flowery of words could have done.
Soon, my daughter Jessica was born. We spent Christmas that year with my parents. After dinner, Mom and Dad sat next to each other, taking turns holding their first grandchild. When Jessica began crying, my wife Susan took her from Dad’s arms to put her in my parents’ room.
Susan came back, tears in her eyes and led me into the room. “Look,” she said softly. To my amazement, there, next to the dresser, stood the old pickle jar, as if never removed, the bottom already covered with coins. I walked over to it, dug down into my pocket, and pulled out
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several coins. Choked by emotion, I dropped them into the jar.
Dad had slipped quietly into the room when I looked up. Our eyes locked, but neither of us spoke, because we knew nothing had to be said. 8. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The author and his wife were grateful for what parents had done. B. The jar again in the bedroom reminded themselves of the hard years. C. The author felt disappointed when he found the jar gone.
D. The author felt embarrassed whenever his father mentioned the jar. 9. We can learn from the passage that .
A. any difficulty can be overcome with the family’s support. B. parents teach much more through their action than their words. C. saving is always a good habit to pass down to the next generation.
D. you need to reward yourself and celebrate regularly to keep up with your faith. 10. Which words best describe the author’s father?
A. Humorous and patient. B. Quiet but loving. C. Generous and talkative. D. Proud but strict. 11. The pickle jar in the article represents .
A. advice of parents. B. one’s purpose in life. C. determination to reach a goal. D. healthy family relations.
D
Phrases like “tiger mom” and ‘‘helicopter parent” have made their way into everyday language. Many of us find ourselves drawn to the idea that with just a bit more parental hard work and effort, we might turn out children with bright futures. But is there anything wrong with a kind of “overparenting style”?
Parental involvement has a long history of being studied. Many of the studies, conducted by Diana Baumrind, a famous psychologist at the University of California, Berkeley, have found that a good parent is the one who is involved and reacts to her child in a positive way, who sets high expectations but gives her child independence. These “authoritative parents” appear to hit the sweet spot of parental involvement and generally raise children who do better academically, psychologically and socially than children whose parents are not strict and less involved, or controlling and more involved. Why is this parenting style so successful?
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Authoritative parents actually help improve motivation in their children. Carol Dweck, a social psychologist at Stanford University, has done research that indicates why authoritative parents raise more motivated children. In a typical experiment, Dr. Dweck takes young children into a room and asks them to solve a simple puzzle. Most do so with little difficulty. But then Dr. Dweck tells some, but not all, of the kids how clever they are. As it turns out, the children who are not told they’re smart are more motivated to solve increasingly difficult puzzles. They also show higher levels of confidence and show greater progress in puzzle-solving.
As the experiment suggests, praising children’s talents and abilities seems to shake their confidence. Dealing with more difficult puzzles carries the risk of losing one’s status as “smart”. Dr. Dweck’s work strongly supports that of Dr. Baumrind, who also found that reasonably supporting a child’s independence and limiting interference (干涉) causes better academic and emotional results.
The central task of growing up is to develop a sense of self that is independent and confident. If you treat your young child who is just learning to walk as if she can’t walk, you reduce her confidence. Allowing children to make mistakes is one of the greatest challenges of parenting. It is easier when they are young. The potential mistakes carry greater risks, and part of being a parent is reducing risk for our children.
12. According to the passage, a “tiger mom” ______.
A. helps her children realize their dreams B. speaks her children’s everyday language
C. pays close attention to her children’s experiences D. places reasonable expectations on her children
13. It is implied that controlling style of parenting may _____.
A. foster independence in children B. lead to children’s academic success C. face more challenges of children D. cause more problems in children 14. The example of the children doing the puzzles suggests that ______.
A. overpraising makes children less motivated and confident B. a good game plays a big role in training young minds C. puzzle-solving can give children the motivation they need D. bright children usually show less confidence in difficult games 15. The last paragraph tells us that ______.
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A. children should correct mistakes with the help of their parents B. parents should allow their children to learn from mistakes C. parents should not increase the risk of challenging D. children should not be given much freedom 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s natural to greet friends with a smile and a wave. 16 But what happens if your face and body send mixed messages? Would someone be more likely to believe the look on your face or the way you hold your body?
Scientists have recently tackled these questions. They found that when a person is looking at your face, she might not believe what she sees if your body language doesn’t match the feeling that your face shows.
17 Previously, they had found that the tone of a person’s voice can be more important than the words that are spoken. For example, most people tend not to believe a person who says in a flat voice, “I’m so excited.”
When it came to emotions conveyed by facial expressions and body language, most scientists suspected that the face was more important. To test if this was true, psychologists from the Netherlands and Boston showed people a number of pictures of isolated(孤立的)faces and isolated bodies (with faces blurred out(模糊的)) that showed anger or fear. 18___
An angry face had low eyebrows and tight lips. A scared face had high eyebrow and a slightly open mouth. 19 A scared body had arms forward and shoulders square, as if ready to defend. These results told the researchers that mixed signals can confuse people. Even when people pay attention to the face, body language subtly(微妙地) influences which emotion they read. 20 If you want to be understood, it helps to avoid sending mixed messages. A. Studying such mixed messages is nothing new for scientists.
B. Scientists feel new to study the mixed message that confuses people. C. So, your body language is important for telling people how you feel.
D. When you do this, your face and body work together to show your friends that you’re happy to see them.
E. An angry body had arms back and shoulders at an angle, as if ready to fight.
F. They also showed pictures in which angry or scared faces were paired with angry or scared bodies
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G. Body language can sometimes be misunderstood in different culture backgrounds. 第二部分 英语知识运用(共三节,满分75分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分,满分30分)
阅读下面的短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was eighteen, I couldn’t wait to get my first job, which meant I made the first step toward adulthood.
But it was difficult to get a work permit. One day I was dropped off by my parents at the 21 , where applicants took their physical tests for work permits. Although I had night blindness, my vision was clearer during the day, which helped me walk 22 by myself. Then the doctor began the 23 . He looked into my eyes with a bright light. “I suggest your parents take you to an eye specialist,” he said, “I 24 you have a retinal (视网膜) disease. If you do, you’ll never 25 a day in your life„”
My parents did take me to specialists. After much time and money spent seeking an 26 result, it was determined that I had an eye disease that slowly 27 a person of sight. But still, during daylight, I could walk without 28 . I could read, but not for hours. My eyes began to 29 and words slipped off the page when I read more than a few pages. However, no matter how tired my eyes became, I never gave up reading. I knew the 30 of great writers as well as the most popular music stars. Their words were powerful, which 31 me to try writing. Soon writing brought me a lot of 32 each time I completed a paper.
Then an important phone call from an editor changed my life. An article I 33 appeared in a local newspaper. The newspaper, to my 34 , continued to print my work. Next, a book series published several of my essays. I got interested in writing and 35 up with each acceptance. On the pages, readers never knew of my blindness 36 I chose to present it. For me, finding my voice through writing gave me the pride and satisfaction I 37 so many years ago. Now, I have numerous essays and articles in 38 .
Should I be thanking that misguided doctor? By falsely predicting that I could never work a day, he fueled my 39 into success. He set the bar too 40 and focused on what I wouldn’t be able to do. Yet I proved what I could do. 21. A. station B. clinic
C. lab D. company
D. proudly
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22. A. silently B. suddenly C. easily
23. A. examination B. treatment C. operation 24. A. advocate B. acknowledge 25. A. rest B. sleep 26. A. accurate
B. urgent
C. confirm
D. argument D. suspect D. live
C. work
C. obvious D. ordinary
D. informs D. balance
27. A. warns B. reminds 28. A. medicine 29. A. shine 30. A. houses 31. A. asked
C. robs
B. assistance C. allowance
B. tear
C. widen D. dance
D. names
B. addresses C. habits B. encouraged C. forced
D. permitted
D. pleasure
32. A. stress B. worry C. trouble
C. penned
33. A. admitted B. wanted 34. A. shame 35. A. lit
D. described
B. admiration C. disappointment D. delight
B. came C. gave
D. put
D. since
36. A. although B. after 37. A. sought
C. unless
B. feared C. brought
C. print
D. rejected
D. time
38. A. mind B. use 39. A. motivation
B. personality C. imagination
C. long
第II卷
D. responsibility
40. A. far B. low D. close
注意:将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。 第二部分:语言知识运用
第二节 根据句子中给出单词的正确形式填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分) 41. He is a (humor) person and often tells us jokes.
42. In students’ eyes, a good teacher should have many good . (virtue)
43. (devote)to freedom and equality of human races, Mandela passed away on December 5,2013. 44. With food and living necessities (furnish), the people in quick-hit area got through the most difficult days.
45. I warned them they could get seriously, but they both (ignorance) my advice. 46. George is (apparent) a very serious man, but as a matter of fact he has a great sense of humor.
47. Community police have made a very positive (contribute) to crime prevention.
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48. A 5-day tour (recommend) to us in the travel agency. 49. Thank you for (remind) me of the danger ahead.
50. It is suggested that you (apology) to him for your mindless mistake. 51. cold it is outside, she has the window open. 52. For him the stage is just means of making a living. 53. —Wow! You’ve got so many clothes. —But _______of them are in fashion now.
54.-------I wonder Mary has kept her figure after all these years. -------By working out every day.
55. The fact people are more and more relying on mobiles phones is a concern. 56. It’s a simple dish to prepare, consisting mainly__________ rice and vegetables. 57. ---- \"How was it _____ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace?\" ---- \"Totally by chance.\"
58. The Internet has made possible for us to keep in touch with our friends conveniently. 59. A ship in harbor is safe, but that 's not ship are built for.
60. _______ is often the case with children, Amy was completely better by the time the doctor arrived.
第三节 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
We think that life in Chinese high school is an adventure in which we have to survive mountains of homework and all kinds of exams. Yet would it be 61 (surprise) if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful and demanding 62 it is in China?
In US high school, everything must 63 (record) into your studying document, including your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations. Failing 64 (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. Perhaps completely different from 65 we used to think of the US high school students, they pay great attention to 66 (they) academic performance in order that they can get into a distinguished university.
Like university students, US high school students have the 67 (free) to choose the courses that most interest them. Even a ninth-grader can sit 68 the same classroom as 12th-graders. But this also 69 (mean) he or she has to work very hard, because the teacher will not treat him or her 70 (different).
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第三部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My brother is training to a vet. He’s a hard worker so I think he’ll do very better in his final exams. I’d be surprising if he didn’t find the position right away at an animal hospital. But there was the possibility that he might work at a zoo or maybe an animal park. In several years’s time, he could possible have him own clinic. And the next step could be opening his own animal hospital----who know? Because he has always loved animals, so I can see him being a success in this field. He’ll enjoy every minutes of it !
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是李华。最近你所居住的涉外小区里车辆乱停乱放现象很严重。请你根据所给提示,给小区负责人史密斯先生写一封信反应这个问题。要点包括: 1.分析原因 2.你的建议
注意: 1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数); 2.可根据内容适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Dear Mr Smith,
________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua
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高二英语期中考试答案
阅读 (A) CBD (B) BDAB (C) ABBC (D) CDAB 七选五 16-20 DAFEC
完形填空:21-25 BCADC 26-30 ACBBD 31-35 BDCDA 36-40 CACAB 单词填空
41 humourous/humorous 42.virtues 43.Devoted 44.furnished 45.ignored 46.apparently 47.contribution 48.wasrecommende 49.reminding 50.(should)apologize/apologise 51.However 52.a 53. none 54. how 55.that 56.of 57.that 58.it 59.what 60.As 语法填空
61. surprising 62. as 63. be recorded 64. to turn 65. what 66. their 67. freedom
68. in
69. means 70. differently
短文改错:
71„.to a vet to 后加 be 72. „.very better in better----well
73. I’d be surprising„. surprising-----surprised 74„.find the position„ the-----a 75. But there was„. was-----is
76„. he could possible possible------possibly 77. „..have him own„ him---his 78„„who know? know----knows 79„.so I can„.. 去掉 so
80. „.every minutes of„. minutes----minute
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写作One possible version Dear Mr. Smith,
Parking in our community is becoming a more and more serious problem and is bringing lots of inconvenience to our life.
I think one reason is that there is not enough parking places. You know, there has been a rapid increase in the number of private cars here. Howerer, the number of parking places has remained the same. Besides, there are no strict rules for foreign vehicles. So people who don’t live here park their cars anywhere they want.
I hope the problem can be solved as soon as possible. Here are my suggestions. First, more parking areas should be built. In addition, effective parking rules should be introduced.
Yours,
Li Hua
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