英语阅读理解精练

英语阅读理解精练

作者：梁璐茜

来源：《中学生英语·教师版》2015年第12期

（1）

After inventing dynamite， Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became a very rich man. However， he foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. Nobel preferred not be remembered as the inventor of dynamite， so in 1895， just two weeks before his death， he created a fund to be used for

awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to mankind. Originally there five awards： literature， physics， chemistry， medicine and peace. Economics was added in 1968， just sixty-seven years after the first award ceremony.

Nobel’s original legacy of nine million dollars was invested， and the interest on this sum is used for the awards which vary form $30，000 to $125，000.

Every year on December 10， the anniversary of Nobel’s death， the awards （gold medals， illuminated diploma， and money） are presented to the winners. Sometimes politics plays an important role in the judge’s decisions. Americans have won numerous science awards， but relatively few literature prizes.

No awards were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War II. Some people have won two prizes， but this is rare; others have shared prizes. （ ; ;）1. When did the first award ceremony take place？ A. In 1895. B. In 1942. C. In 1901. D. In 1968. （ ; ;）2. Why was the Nobel Prize established？ A. To honor the inventor of dynamite.

B. To recognize worthwhile contributions to mankind. C. To resolve political differences. D. To spend money.

（ ; ;）3. In how many fields are the prizes bestowed （授予）？ A. Two. B. Six. C. Five D. Ten.

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（ ; ;）4. In which area have Americans received the most awards？ A. Literature. B. Economics. C. Peace. D. Science. （ ; ;）5. Which of the following statements is NOT true？ A. Awards vary in monetary value.

B. Politics can play an important role in selecting the winner.

C. Ceremonies are held on December 10 to commemorate Nobel’s invention. D. A few individuals have won two awards. （2）

Our environment is getting worse and worse with the increase of the world population， which affects the environment in two ways. Firstly， the limited energy resources will be used up much faster. Secondly， the increasing population creates more pollution， another severe problem that needs to be solved. Both problems are long-term ones because actions taken now show their results slowly over many years. They are also urgent because delays in actions can lead to great suffering and social problems. The question seems to be difficult to handle for most people.

However， a person can be a protector of environment in everyday life if he takes actions to save the environment right now. With the development of technology， cars make transportation easier and quicker than before， but we can’t ignore the disadvantages brought to us by more and more cars in use. For example， we are consuming gasoline， which is a non-renewable resource， and will soon be gone. Moreover， the exhausted gas from cars pollutes our air， and our health is therefore Threatened by air pollution， which has a big potential effect on our daily life.

So We can consider walking， taking buses， carpooling （合用汽车）， instead of driving cars alone. This seems to be a very slow process that can’t be so effective if it’s taken by a single person. But when more and more people become aware of the importance and positively take it as their personal responsibilities. The condition of the air will be improved to a great extent. （ ; ;）1. According to the writer， the main problem to our environment today is ______. A. the more serious air pollution B. the increase of the population C. the development of technology

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D. the limited energy resources

（ ; ;）2. From the passage， we can know that ______. A. effective measures can be taken mainly by the government B. taking measures now can soon improve the environment

C. immediate measures can cause great suffering and social problems D. every single person’s action has some effect on environment protection

（ ; ;）3. The author’s main purpose in writing this passage is most probably to ______. A. complain about people’s slow actions to protect the environment B. advise people to take actions to protect the environment C. show himself to be an active environment protector

D. point out the bad effects of technologies in protecting environment （ ; ;）4. The author believes that carpooling ______. A. can give help to those without cars B. can save people money and time

C. can save energy resources and reduce air pollution D. can promote friendship among drivers （ ; ;）5. This passage is mainly about ______. A. energy resource saving B. environment protection C. population control D. air pollution （3）

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To be a good teacher， you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker， with a good， strong，

pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching in order to make its meaning clear.

Watch a good teacher， and you will see that he does not sit still before his class： he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about， using his arms， hands and fingers to help him in his explanations， and his face to express his feelings. Listen to him， and you will hear the loudness， the quality（音色） and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.

The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn’t mean that he will

indeed be able to act well on the stage， for there are very important differences between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat

exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part， even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.

A good teacher works in a quite different way. His audience takes an active part in his play; they ask and answer questions， they obey orders， and if they don’t understand something， they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience， which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart， but must invent it as he goes along. （ ; ;）1. A good teacher ______.

A. knows how to hold the interest of his students B. must have a good voice C. knows how to act on the stage D. stands or sits while teaching

（ ; ;）2. In what way is a teacher’s work different from an actor’s？ A. The teacher must learn everything by heart.

B. He knows how to control his voice better than an actor. C. He has to deal with unexpected situations. D. He has to use more facial expressions.

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（ ; ;）3. The main difference between students in class and a theatre audience is that ______. A. students can move around in the classroom

B. students must keep silent while theatre audience needn’t C. no memory work is needed for the students D. the students must take part in their teachers’ plays （ ; ;）4. Which of the following is true？

A. Teachers have to learn by heart what they are going to say in class. B. A teacher cannot decide beforehand what exactly he is going to say in class. C. A teacher must speak louder than an actor. D. A teacher must have a better memory than an actor. （ ; ;）5. What is the main idea of this passage？ A. How to become a good teacher.

B. What a good teacher should do outside the classroom. C. What teachers and actors could learn from each other.

D. The similarities and differences between a teacher’s work and an actor’s.