第一节 破解英语句子之密码“钥匙” ——五种基本句型
五种基本句型的分析能力的培养是分析一切复杂句子的基础，是分析千千万万个句子的基础，因为众多的句子都是由五种基本句型变换过来的。 熟练掌握了五种基本句型，有助于更快更好理解句意。所谓五种基本句型分析能力就是：
1看到一个简单句就能立刻分析出这个句子属于五种句型中的哪种； ○
2能够立刻分析出句子的主干是什么，能够快速分割，快速整合. ○
句子成分分析的最高境界就是：能“分”能“合”，这一切都是在瞬间完成的。
＊＊＊＊＊如果对汉语句子成分分析有一定的了解和掌握，有助于英语句子成分的学习，因为本来汉语句子成分分析那一套就是从英语那里搬过来的。
下面我们将具体讲解这五种基本句型
一、主（S）＋系动词（V）＋表语（P）
系动词是连系动词的简称，顾名思义，它是起到连系作用的动词，是连接主语和表语的。系动词的数量是有限的，常见的只有十来个，我们把它们分成四组，这样有助于我们记忆系动词：
（1）be动词类： am、 is 、are 、was 、were （2）表示变化类：become、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、go
（3）感官动词类: 眼（look ）耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel) （4）表示延续性的动词 ：remain 、stay 、keep 什么是表语？表语有两个特征：
1 从位置上来讲，它总是在系动词后面（系动词和表语关系甚为紧密，没有系动词，就没有 ○
表语：没有表语，就没有系动词，正所谓“皮之不存，毛将焉附”）。
2 从意义上讲，表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的。表语通常是由形容词、介词短语、 ○
名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等来充当。
上面就是对主系表结构的简要介绍，其中，系动词是主系表结构的核心，它是这个结构的标志，看到了系动词，也就能立刻判断出句子的结构是主系表，因此，记住系动词非常重要。
【练习一】 找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语，并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或
词类来充当的。 1 Tom is a student. 2 He is fat. 3 We are students. 4 The boy was foolish. 5 They were kind. 6 She is in the room.
7 My father became a teacher in 1978.
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8 The weather gets hot in summer. 9 She looks beautiful. 10 The flower smells good. 11 The soup tastes delicious. 12 The chair is yours. 13 The children are asleep. 14 He feels better today.
15 The leaf turns green. 16 I stayed awake all the night.
17 The weather still remained cold in April. 18 The little girl is six.
19 My work is to look after the baby. 20 His job is taking care of the patient. 21 He went mad. 22 Please don’t get angry.
23 The weather is getting colder and colder. 24 She looks like her mother.
25 He remained silent.
26 The weather is going to stay fine. 27 M y job is teaching English． 28 She is at home．
29 The story sounds interesting． 30 He has suddenly fallen ill． 31 He stood quite still． 32 He becomes a teacher. 33 He looks well.
【相关语法专题】1.形容词和副词的用法 2.被动语态 一、单项选择
1. The children all looked _____ at the broken model plane and felt quite _____. A. sad, sad A．good
B. sadly, sadly B．well
C. sad, sadly C．strong B. as polite as possibly D. as politely as possibly C. well
D. moved D. truly, truly D. bad D. happy D. more careful D. more badly than D. quickly D. was felt D. sadly, sad D．Healthy
2. --You don’t look very ________．Are you ill? --No，I’m just a bit tired． 3. When we speak to people, we should be ______. A. as polite as possible C. as politely as possible 4. 11. The song sounds ______. A. sweet
B. nicely
5. Helen isn't a______ friend of mine. I feel______ sorry for her. A. true, true A. terribly A. tired
B. truly true B. terrible B. good
C. true, truly C. badly C. well C. careful
6. In summer eggs will go______ easily.
7. Jim does morning exercises every day, so he looks very ______. 8. You must drive ______ next time, or there may be another accident. A. more carefully A. as well as
B. carefully B. as good as
9. - Who did it better, Bill or Henry? - I think Bill did just ______ Henry.
C. as better as
10. I think we should keep ________ in the reading-room. A. quiet A. feels
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B. quietly B. is felt
C. quite C. felt
11. The silk soft.
二、主（S）＋谓（V）
主（S）＋谓（V） + 宾（O） eg. I like English.
分析： like 是及物动词，后面直接跟了个宾语 English。
eg. He often swims in the river.
分析：swims 是不及物动词，后面没带宾语，in the river 在这里不就是宾语。实际上，in the river 在 这里是状语的，而且是表示地点的状语。 注意：
（1）及物动词后面直接加宾语，不及物动词后是不能直接加宾语，但有些不及物动词后面加介词或副词之后就可以加宾语了。例如：look 是典型的不及物动词，后面是不能接宾语的，但是如果加上适当的介词就可以跟宾语如look at the blackboard 、look for the child 、look after his mother等等。
eg. All students looked at the blackboard.
分析：主语： ； 谓语： ； 宾语： 【练习二】
1、 He will come tomorrow. 2、 He is working now. 3、 He works at this factory . 4、He often swims in the river. 5、Tom is always late for school.
补充说明：
6、I have never been to Shanghai. 7、My Chinese is very good. 8、He runs quite fast. 9、He works hard. 10、It is too hot.
宾语主要是由名词和代词充当的，其实，作宾语常见的还有：动词不定式（to do ）\\动名 词（doing ），甚至是一个句子（宾语从句）。
eg. He wanted to go home. He likes listening to music.
He said that he liked listening to music. ＊下面的动词后面只可以接动名词，一定要记住：
mind（介意）、miss（错过）、enjoy（喜欢）、give up（放弃）、admit（承认）、avoid（避免）、finish（完成）、practise（练习）、suggest(建议) ＊下面的动词后面只可以接动词不定式,一定要记住：
A.要求，想要，希望(want、wish、hope、expect、intend、mean) B.同意(agree、promise) C.意愿(care、refuse)
D.决定，企图(determine、decide、offer、attempt、try、manage) ＊下面的动词既可以跟动名词又可跟动词不定式：
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begin to do something\\begin doing something start to do something\\start doing something continue to do something\\ continue doing something
forget to do something\\forget doing something
【练习三 】
remember to do something\\ remember doing something
like to do something\\like doing something love to do something\\start doing something hate to do something\\hate doing something try to do something\ry doing something
一 判断下列句子是主谓结构还是主谓宾结构，如果是主谓宾结构请指出是由什么充当的宾语（名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等等） 1 He arrived yesterday. 2 The boy is crying loudly. 3 She died in 2000.
4 The man disappeared in the street. 5 I like music.
6 She wanted some help. 7 I slept well last night. 8 Iron built a house last year.
9 I bought a computer in the street yesterday 10 .Tom often swims in the river. 11 .My sister works in that factory. 12.The sun is rising. 13.They know him.
14.He enjoys listening to music. 15.My watch has stopped. 16.It is snowing hard.
17.My grandma coughed all night. 18.She was cooking.
19.I found a box under the bed. 20.Kate described the picture. 21.I hate to go there.
22.He remembered telling you. 23.His aunt will come. 24.The farmer works very hard. 25.The flowers need watering.
26.We usually watch TV on Saturday evening.
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27.She has cleaned the room. 28.He liked collecting stamps.
29.Both of them work in the school library. 30.Kate is running fast. 31.The ship moves slowly 32.He wanted two boxes watches. 33.I read every book in the school library. 34.You can understand me. 35.We can watch TV.
36.The children are reading carefully. 37.Mr. Smith speaks very fast. 38.The train has arrived. 39.They won’t come today. 40.You mustn’t talk loud 41.You will close the door. 42.She decided to wait.
43.I met one of my friends in Beijing. 44.He passed the exam last year. 45.China has a large population. 46.He knows a little English. 47.I have received your letter.
48.The students answered the questions. 49.He is beginning a new life. 50.He learned to ride a bike yesterday. 51.Have you finished writing? 52.I suggest trying it once more.
53.I want to go to college. 54.She often dances in the park.
55.Kate often studies at school at night.
【相关语法专题】1. 主谓一致 2. 非谓语 3. 宾语从句 一、用适当的be动词填空
1. ___ there many American friends in the school last Friday? 2. Neither Mary nor her brother____ good at singing. 3. Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary ____ busy. 4. The rich ______ not always happy.
5. The old woman, together with her two grandsons, ______ crossing the road. 6. This pair of trousers ______ Lucy’s. Your trousers ______ on your bed. 二、单项选择
1. When you leave, don’t forget ____ off the light.
A. to turn A. to win
B. turning B. is to win
C. turn
D. turned D. will win
2. Her hope ____ a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games.
C. winning
3. Would you mind ____ because there’re so many children ____ here? A. smoke; play
B. smoking; playing
C. not smoking; play D. not smoking; playing 4. Can you finish _____the book in three days?
A. read A. to go
B. to read B. goes
C. reading C. gone
D. reads D. going
5. He didn’t feel like out for a walk, because he had caught a cold. 三、把下列句子改成宾语从句
1．These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.
He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong. 2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound. 3. Can they speak French? I want to know.
I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French. 4. Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car? 5. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.
Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.
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三、主语(S)＋谓语(V)＋间接宾语（IO）＋直接宾语(DO)
这个句型比上面的句型多了个宾语，谓语后面已经是两个宾语了，那么谓语动词是及物动词是必定无疑了。这两个宾语放在一起叫双宾语（直接宾语+直接宾语） eg. Can you lend me your dictionary? Please give me a book.
此句型的关键是记住哪些动词后面要接双宾语，因为并不是所有的及物动词后面都可以接宾语的，只有少数的动词。此句型中的谓语动词后接两个宾语：前一个宾语称为\"间接宾语\"，多由sb充当；后一个宾语称为\"直接宾语\"，往往由sth.充当。常常带双宾结构的动词：
give, bring, tell, send, leave, pass, read, write, take, show, teach, get, lend, buy, pay, hand eg. She bought me a shirt .她给我买了一件衬衣。 Pass him the dictionary, please.请将词典递给他。 I lend him my bicycle.我把自行车借给他了。
注意：双宾接受的的IO和DO是可以换位的，但是要加上to或者for。 【相关语法专题】1. 被动语态 2．宾语从句
1. –Can you tell me ______? –She is in the computer lab.（09北京）
A. where Linda was C. where was Linda
B. where is Linda D. where Linda is
B. when the meeting will begin D. where does the meeting begin B. which way can I choose D. what’s wrong with my English
2. –Could you tell me __________? –Yes, it will start at ten. （09湛江） A. when will the meeting begin C. where the meeting begins
A. how I will improve my English C. how do I deal with my English
3. —Can you tell me ______? —By doing more speaking.（09黄冈）
4. --- Would you please tell me _______? --- Of course. About twenty minutes’ walk. (09漳州) A. how far is it from the hotel B. how far it is from the hotel C. how long you have been in the hotel D. how long have you been in the hotel 二、完成下列句子
1. Did he give us any magazines? （改为被动句）
→ ________ we _________ any magazines _______ ________? → _________ any magazines _________ _________ _________ by him? 2.谁发明点灯的？ __________ _________the light_________ _________? 3.有人告诉他他的自行车昨天找到了。
He _______ ________ that his bike _________ ________ yesterday.
4.他一半的钱花在买书上。 _________ of his money _________ _________ __________ books.
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四、主语(S) + 谓语(V) + 宾语(O) + 宾语补足语 (OC) eg. He told me to clean the room. Tom wanted me to meet him .
实际上，能够作宾补的有很多，我们这里只学习几种常见的： doing \\不带to的动词不定式\\介词短语\\形容词等等。请看下面的例句，首先找出每句话的宾补，然后注意观察划线的部分是有什么作的宾语补足语。
1 I saw a thief stealing something. ○
2 He made me go home. ○
3 Her mother kept her in the room. ○
【练习四 】
一 、请划分下列句子成分， 1. I watch the boy playing football. 2. My good friend told me a story. 3. Tom lent me a pencil. 4. LiLi noticed two dogs fight. 5. I looked at her flying a kite. 6. Please hand me the paper.
7. The lion ordered the hen to give him some eggs.
8. He wanted you to go with him. 9. Lu Yang told the little boy to go home. 10. She asks me to help her.
11. My parents leave me some money. 12. Lucy leads me a pencil. 13. Mother got me some tea. 14. LiLei found 100 yuan in the room.
15. He showed me her photos.
16. The fans made Lin Junjie a famous star. 17. Mom let me in.
18. The rich man bought his son an MP4. 19. The teacher observes the boy sleep. 20. The teacher made her monitor. 21. I saw the baby cry. 22. I paid him three yuan. 23. He passed me an eraser. 24. Lucy heard her neighbor singing 25. Tom teaches us English.
26. They asked the teacher to explain it again. 27. Let me read you his letter.
28. Would you sing us an English song? 29. I will lend you something.
【相关语法专题】1. 非谓语
＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊拓 展 提 高＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊
简单句不“简单”
——简单句的复杂化
我们这里说，简单句不“简单”了，就是说，如果如果你看到一个句子超长，它没准就是个简单句，千万不要以为只是短小的句子才是简单句，那是不一定的。那么，简单句又是怎么变“复杂”呢？大家看看下面几点也许就明白了。
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一、并列“出现”之后„„
1.Tom, Mike and I are good friends.(三个并列主语)
2.I got up, washed my face, brushed my teeth and went to school .( 四个并列谓语)
3.I like music, sport, traveling, surfing the Internet and listening to music .(五个并列宾语) 4.This is a well-known German medical school. (四个并列定语)
英语中有并列这种语法现象的存在，大家了解到这即可，当然，如果在写作中能运用更好
二、非谓语动词在“作怪” 1. To learn English is not easy. 2. He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 3. Lucy asked me to turn down the radio. 4. His wish was to become a scientist. 5. There is nothing to worry about. 6. He woke up to find everybody gone. 7. Learning new words is very useful to me. 8. The music is exciting. 9. The boy singing now is a classmate of mine. 10. One day she came into my room laughing happily. 你知道上面划线部分是什么呢？
【练习五】
一 找出下面句子中的非谓语动词，并指出是作什么句子成分 1. To know him is to like him.
2. Mr. Brown has a large family to keep. 3. He stood up to see better.
4. They have started using computers in the library. 5. Her job is taking care of the wounded. 6. I watched them playing chess. 7. The computer needs repairing.
8. There is an old man wanting to see you. 9. I heard them quarrelling in the room. 10. Do you like teaching English?
三、真正的“傀儡”—— It
我们说it是”傀儡”,主要源于it所特有的品质,it可以作形式宾语和形式主语,这是其他词所不能的。形式主语，顾名思义，就是形式上的主语，并不是真正的主语，所以我们说它是“傀儡”并不为过。大家看下面的例子： I. It is no use writing to her. 给她写信是没用的。
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2. It is no use persuading him not to do this. 劝说他不干那件事是没有的。 3. It is difficult to understand these sentences. 理解这些句子是一件困难的事 4. I found it difficult to take care of a child. 我发现照看一个小孩子是困难的 5. I think it necessary to learn English. 我认为学英语很有必要。
关于形式主语和形式宾语，大家了解即可，看到他们要能把他们辨认出来。 【练习七】 判断下列句子中it 是作形式主语还是形式宾语
1. It is foolish of you to waste money . 2. I find it quite pleasant to talk with you . 3. It is impossible for us to understand him. 4. He made it clear why he didn’t come on time. 5. It is no use trying to explain.
6. She thinks it easy to understand a letter written in English. 7. It’s not very useful to read the whole book. 8. Mike made it clear that he disagreed. 9. Is it possible to go by bike? 10. He felt it his duty to help her.
综合练习一：分析下列句子的句子结构 1S+V ○2S+V+P ○3S+V+O ○4S+V+IO+DO ○5S+V+O+OC ○
1. We are working.
2. I can swim very well.
3. The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me. 4. Why does the wind blow.
5. The rain has been pulling down for a whole day. 6. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
7. Jim asked you to give his best wishes to everyone. 8. You must get the car ready by tomorrow. 9. I have a lot of clothes to wash.
10. He gave his son some advice on reading. 11. Read me the first paragraph. 12. I’ve ordered some soup for you.
13. He began leaning English ten years ago. 14. My being late worried my teacher.
15. The president himself would visit our school. 16. April fool’Day is the special day of the year 17. He usually takes a nap after lunch. 18. I got it back at once.
19. He finished lunch and went into the garden.
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20. The telephone rang. 21. We study hard.
22. His father might have died. 23. Will you leave the door open.
24. Can you make the dog stand still?
25. The landlord had them working day and night.
26. A sound knowledge of grammar is important to good writing. 27. We all breathe, eat, and drink. 28. I woke up at 6:00 in the morning. 29. The book weighs five kilos. 30. They will be flying to London.
综合练习一 答案
分析下列句子的句子结构 1. We are working. 我们在工作。主系表
2. I can swim very well. 我游泳泳地很好。主谓
3. The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me. 那个使者给我了一瓶啤酒。主谓双宾/主谓宾状 4. Why does the wind blow? 风为什么会吹？主谓
5. The rain has been pulling down for a whole day. 雨已经下了一整天了。主谓
6. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. 汤姆和杰克都喜欢乡村音乐。主谓宾
7. Jim asked you to give his best wishes to everyone. 吉姆请我把他的最好的祝愿带给每个人。主谓宾补 8. You must get the car ready by tomorrow. 到明天为止你一定要把小车准备好。主谓宾补 9. I have a lot of clothes to wash. 我有许多的衣服需要洗。主谓宾，to wash做clothes的定语 10. He gave his son some advice on reading. 他在阅读方面给了他的儿子一些建议。主谓双宾 11. Read me the first paragraph. 给我读第一段。主谓双宾
12. I’ve ordered some soup for you. 我已经为你要了一些汤。主谓双宾/主谓宾状 13. He began leaning English ten years ago. 十年前他开始学英语。主谓宾
14. My being late worried my teacher.
我的迟到让我的老师很担心。主谓宾，动名词短语My being late做主语
15. The president himself would visit our school.
总统将亲自参观我们的学校。主谓宾
16. April fool’Day is the special day of the year 愚人节是一年中很特别的一天。主系表 17. He usually takes a nap after lunch. 他通常在午饭之后要小睡一会儿。主谓宾 18. I got it back at once. 我马上把它取回 。主谓宾
19. He finished lunch and went into the garden. 他吃完午饭后去了花园。主+并列谓语 20. The telephone rang. 电话响了。主谓 21. We study hard. 我们努力学习。主谓
22. His father might have died. 他的父亲可能已经去世了。主谓
23. Will you leave the door open/ unclosed? 你要把门开着？主谓宾补
24. Can you make the dog stand still? 你能让那只狗站着不动吗？主谓宾补
25. The landlord had them working day and night. 地主让他们整天工作，主谓宾补
26. A sound knowledge of grammar is important to good writing.
扎实的语法知识对于写作是重要的。主系表 27. We all breathe, eat， and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。主谓
28. I woke up at 6:00 in the morning。 我在早上6点钟起床。主谓
29. The book weighs five kilos.
那本书重达10斤。主谓，five kilos做状语 30. They will be flying to London. 他们将飞往伦敦。主谓宾
综合练习二
Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构
31. The shop assistant found some certain materials for me. 32. He promised me a new English-Chinese dictionary. 33. Please pass a newly- published to me. 34. He lived in Guang Zhou.
35. The father is showing the boy how to plant trees. 36. His uncle left him some money.
37. She has taught us English for 3 years.
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38. I like popular music.
39. She knows what to do next. 40. I hate arriving late.
41. The meeting starts at three. 42. My heart is beating loudly.
43. Tom’s birthday is two weeks away. 44. He told me the news by telephone. 45. There are many people in the room. 46. He isn’t as tall as his brother. 47. I have a new sweater.
48. It is important to learn a foreign language now. 49. Trees turn green in spring. 50. He wants to be a doctor. 51. He refused to help me.
52. My teacher advises me to read English every day. 53. He became ill again. 54. He gives me a pen.
55. He speaks English better than me. 56. The earth is bigger than the moon. 57. There are some babies in the garden. 58. We have had supper.
59. The policemen are looking for the missed paper. 60. They elected him chairman.
综合练习二 答案
31. The shop assistant found some certain materials for me.
那个店员为我找到一些材料。主谓双宾/主谓宾状
32. He promised me a new English-Chinese dictionary. 他许诺说要给我一本新英汉字典。主谓双宾 33. Please pass a newly- published to me. 请递给我一本新出版的。主谓双宾/主谓宾状 34. He lived in Guang Zhou. 他住在广州。主谓宾
35. The father is showing the boy how to plant trees. 那位父亲正在给那个男孩演示怎么种树。主谓双宾 36. His uncle left him some money. 他的叔叔留给了他一些钱。主谓双宾
37. She has taught us English for 3 years. 她已经教我们英语三年了。主谓双宾 38. I like popular music. 我喜欢流行音乐。主谓宾
39. She knows what to do next. 她知道下一步怎么做。主谓双宾 40. I hate arriving late. 我讨厌来晚。主谓双宾
41. The meeting starts at three. 会议在三点开始。主谓
42. My heart is beating loudly. 我的心跳的很厉害。主谓
43. Tom’s birthday is two weeks away. 汤姆的生日是在两星期之后。主系表 44. He told me the news by telephone. 他是通过电话告诉我那个消息的。主谓双宾 45. There are many people in the room. 房间里有很多人。There be句型
46. He isn’t as tall as his brother. 他和他的哥哥不一样高。主系表 47. I have a new sweater. 我有一件新运动衣。主谓宾
48. It is important to learn a foreign language now. 现在去学一们外语是非常重要的。主系表 49. Trees turn green in spring. 树木在春天变成绿色。主系表 50. He wants to be a doctor. 他要成为一个医生。主谓宾 51. He refused to help me. 他拒绝帮助我。主谓宾
52. My teacher advises me to read English every day. 我的老师建议我每天读英语。主谓宾补 53. He became ill again. 他又病了。主系表
54. He gives me a pen. 他给我一只笔。主谓双宾
55. He speaks English better than me. 他说英语比我好。主谓宾
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56. The earth is bigger than the moon. 地球比月亮大。主系表
57. There are some babies in the garden. 在花园里面有一些婴儿。There be句型 58. We have had supper. 我们吃过午饭了。主谓宾
59. The policemen are looking for the missed paper. 警察正在寻找失踪的文件。主谓宾 60. They elected him chairman. 他们推选他当主席。主谓宾补
综合练习三
Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构 61.The girl is about ten years old．
62 .was doing my homework at nine yesterday evening． 63.My mother told me an interesting story． 64.The summer holidays will begin next week． 65.There was a strong wind．
66.One of the windows is broken． 67.I heard him singing in the room． 68. The students got on the school bus. 69. He handed me the newspaper.
70. I shall answer your question after class. 71. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
72. They went hunting together early in the morning. 73. His job is to train swimmers.
74. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 75. There is going to be an American film tonight. 76. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 77. His wish is to become a scientist. 78. He managed to finish the work in time. 79. Tom came to ask me for advice.
80. He found it important to master English. 81. Do you have anything else to say?
82. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good. 83. Would you please tell me your address? 84. He sat there, reading a newspaper.
85. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 86. He noticed a man enter the room. 87. The apples tasted sweet. 88. The sun was shining. 89. The moon rose. 90. The universe remains
综合练习三 答案
61.The girl is about ten years old． 那个女孩大约十岁了。主系表
62. I was doing my homework at nine yesterday evening．
昨天晚上9点钟我正在做我的家庭作业。主谓宾
63.My mother told me an interesting story． 我妈妈给我讲了一个有趣的故事。主谓双宾
64.The summer holidays will begin next week． 暑假将会在下周开始。主谓 65.There was a strong wind． 风真大呀！There be句型
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66.One of the windows is broken． 有一扇窗户打破了。主谓
67.I heard him singing in the room． 我听到他在房间正在唱歌。主谓宾补
68. The students got on the school bus. 学生们登上校车。主谓宾
69. He handed me the newspaper. 他递给我那张报纸。主谓双宾
70. I shall answer your question after class. 下课后我将回答你的问题。主谓宾
71. He asked me to come back soon. 他要我早点回来。主谓宾补
72. They went hunting together early in the morning. 早上很早他们就一起去打猎。主谓 73. His job is to train swimmers. 他的工作是训练游泳者。主系表
74. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 他们在北京拍了许多宫殿的照片。主谓宾
75. There is going to be an American film tonight. 今天晚上将有一场美国电影。There be句型 76. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 他明天要去上海。主系表
77. His wish is to become a scientist. 他的愿望是成为一名科学家。主系表
78. He managed to finish the work in time. 他下定决心要及时完成那项工作。主谓宾 79. Tom came to ask me for advice.
综合练习四
Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构 91. This is an English-Chinese dictionary.
92. The dinner smells good. 93. He fell in love.
94. Who knows the answer? 95. She smiled her thanks.
96. He has refused to help them. 97. She cooked her husband a delicious meal.
98. He brought you a dictionary. 99. They appointed him manager. 100. They painted the door green. 101. This set them thinking.
102. We all breathe, eat, and drink. 103. Who cares?
104. What he said does not matter. 105. Everything looks different. 106. He is growing tall and strong.
综合练习四 答案
分析下列句子的句子结构
91. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。主系表
92. The dinner smells good.
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汤姆来找我寻求建议。主谓，to ask me for advice做目的状语
80. He found it important to master English. 他发现掌握英语非常重要。主谓宾补
81. Do you have anything else to say? 你还有别的要说的吗？主谓宾，to say做anything else定语 82. To be honest， your pronunciation is not so good. 老实说，你的发音不太好。主系表
83. Would you please tell me your address? 你能告诉我你的地址吗？主谓双宾
84. He sat there, reading a newspaper.
他坐在那儿读着报纸。主谓，reading a newspaper 做伴随状语，there做地点状语
85. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
保持我们教室的干净和整洁是我们的职责。主系表 86. He noticed a man enter the room. 他注意到一个人进了房间。主谓宾补 87. The apples tasted sweet. 那些苹果尝起来很甜。主系表 88. The sun was shining. 太阳在照耀着。主谓 89. The moon rose. 月亮升起了。主谓
90. The universe remains. 宇宙长存。主谓
107. They are short of money. 108. He enjoys reading.
109. He said \"Good morning.\" 110. I showed him my pictures. 111. I gave my car a wash.
112. They found the house deserted. 113. What makes him think so? 114. We saw him out.
115. They talked for half an hour. 116. The pen writes smoothly 117. Our well has gone dry. 118. His face turned │red.
119. I want to have a cup of tea. 120. He was mistaken.
121. He showed me how to run the machine.
122. He asked me to come back soon. 123. I saw them getting on the bus.
午餐的气味很好。主系表 93. He fell in love. 他堕入了情网。主系表
94. Who knows the answer?
谁知道答案？主谓宾
95. She smiled her thanks.
她微笑表示感谢。主谓宾。Smile在这里做及物动词，表示：以微笑表示„„
96. He has refused to help them. 他拒绝帮他们的忙。主谓宾
97. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。主谓双宾 98. He brought you a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。主谓双宾 99. They appointed him manager. 他们任命他当经理。主谓宾补
100. They painted the door green. 他们把门漆成绿色。主谓宾补 101. This set them thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想。主谓宾补
102. I saw them getting on the bus. 我看到他们登上汽车。主谓宾补 103. Who cares? 管它呢？主谓
104. It doesn’t matter. 没关系。主谓
105. Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。主系表
106. He grows tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。主系表。
107. They are short of money.
他们缺少钱。主谓宾，be short of做谓语
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108. He enjoys reading. 他喜欢看书。主谓宾
109. He said \"Good morning.\" 他说：“早上好！”主谓宾
110. I showed him my pictures. 我给他看我的照片。主谓双宾 111. I gave my car a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。主谓双宾
112. They found the house deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住。主谓宾补 113. What makes him think so? 他怎么会这样想？主谓宾补 114. We saw him out. 我们送他出去。主谓宾补
115. They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。主谓
116. The pen writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。主谓
117. Our well has gone dry. 我们的井干枯了。主系表 118. His face turned red. 他的脸红了。主系表
119. I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。主谓宾 120. He was mistaken. 他犯了错误。主系表
121. He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。主谓双宾
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