英美国家概况课后题及答案

Chapter 2

1.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)

2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)

3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T) 4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)

5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F) 6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)

7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T) 8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F)

9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F)

10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)

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1. The D attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410. A. Norman B. Danish C. Celtic D. Germanic

2. By the late 7th century, D became the dominant religion in England. A. Celtic Christianity B. Anglo-Saxon Christianity C. Germanic Christianity D. Roman Christianity 3. Westminster Abbey was built at the time of B . A. St. Augustine B. Edward the Confessor C. William the Conqueror D. Alfred the Great 4. The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England. A. Viking invasion B. signing of the Magna Carta C. Norman Conquest D. Adoption of common law 5. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of C . A. the House of Valois B. the House of York C. the House of Tudor D. the House of Lancaster

6. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to

A .

A. divorce his wife B. break with Rome C. support the Protestants D. declare his supreme power over the church 7. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between B . A. Protestants and Puritans B. Royalists and Parliamentarians C. nobles and peasants D. aristocrats and Christians 8. A was passed after the Glorious Revolution. A. Bill of Rights B. Act of Supremacy C. Provisions of Oxford D. Magna Carta

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9. The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the C

century. A. 17th B. 18th C. 19th D. 20th

10. Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the

D century. A. 17th B. 18th C. 19th D. 20th Chapter 3

1.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government.(F)

2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F) 3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F) 4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F) 5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.(T) 6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F) 7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)

8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)

9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)

10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are

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much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)

1. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the C . A. judiciary B. legislature C. monarchy D. executive 2. The importance of the British

monarchy can be seen in its effect on D . A. passing the bills B. advising the government C. political parties D. public attitude

3. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to B the House

of Commons. A. rival B. complement C. criticize D. inspect 4. British Cabinet works on the principle of A . A. collective responsibility B. individual responsibility C. defending the collectivism D. defending the individuals 5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to B . A. make decisions B. give advice C. pass bills D. supervise the Cabinet 6. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every C years. A. three B. four C. five D. six 7. C has a distinct legal system based on Roman law. A. Wales B. England C. Scotland D. Northern Ireland 8. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a B system. A. single-party B. two-party C. three-party D. multi-party

9. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and

D .

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A. government intervention B. nationalization of enterprises C. social reform D. a belief in individualism 10. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it A . A. set up the National Health Service B. improved public transportation

C. abolished the old tax system D.enhanced the economic development Chapter 4

1.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)

2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T) 3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)

4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all the British econimic and social problems.(F)

5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)

6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)

7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)

8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(T)

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9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F) 10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)

1. The British economy achieved global dominance by the C . A. 1860s B. 1870s C. 1880s D.1890s 2. In B , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a

welfare state. A. 1945 B. 1946 C. 1947 D. 1948

3. The A in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in

Britain.

A. oil crisis B. high inflation rates C. large imports D. unemployment problem

4. Of the following practices, C does not belong to Thatcher’s social

welfare reform.

A. reducing child benefits B. shortening the unemployment benefits period C. reducing the unemployment D. lowering old age pensions

5. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except

D .

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A. limiting government spending B. keeping inflation under control C. reducing unemployment D. reducing inequality 6. Britain has devoted C of its land area to agriculture. A. 54% B. 64% C. 74% D.84% 7. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except D . A. the North Sea B. the English Channel C. The sea area around Ireland D. The sea area between Britain and Ireland 8. Coal mining industry in Britain provides B of the energy consumed in

the country. A. 1/3 B. 1/4 C. 1/5 D. 2/3 9. The car industry in Britain in mostly A . A. foreign-owned B. state-owned C. joint-venture D. privately-owned

10. Of the following sectors in Britain, C has experienced spectacular

growth since the end of Word War II.

A. Agriculture B. energy industry C. service industry D.manufacturing industry

Chapter 5

1.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F) 2.Education in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15.(F) 3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)

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4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)

5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)

6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)

7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.(T)

8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)

9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)

10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)

1. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the D . A. 1930s B. 1940s C. 1950s D. 1960s

2. About B of British children receive primary and secondary education

through the independent system. A. 5% B. 6% C. 7% D. 8%

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3. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive

their remaining funds from all the following sources except B . A. tuition fees B. loans C. donations D.corporate contributions 4. Of the following, A is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s

universities.

A. result in national entrance test B. A-level result C. an interview D. school references 5. To be admitted to the Open University, one need B . A. some educational qualifications B. no educational qualifications

C. General Certificate of Education-Advanced D.General National Vocational Qualifications

6. Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big

Three” with the exception of C . A. The Times B. The Guardian C. The Observer D. The Daily Telegraph 7. Life on Earth is a kind of C program produced by the BBC and is

popular among 500 million viewers worldwide. A. feature B. drama C. documentary D. soap opera

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8. D is Britain’s top pay television provider. A. BSB B. SkyTV C. BBC D. BSkyB

9. Of the following, D is NOT a common feature of all the British

holidays.

A. families getting together B. friends exchanging good wishes C. friends enjoying each other’s company D. families traveling overseas 10. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except A . A. Trooping the Color B. Queen’s Christmas message C. Boxing Day D. Christmas pantomime

Chapter 9

1.America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.(T)

2.The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.(F)

3.The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation.(T)

4.Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.(F)

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5.During Clinton's term, the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rate of unemployment.(T)

6.In 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched Operation Desert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.(T)

7.According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on September11,2001.(F)

8.The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the \\

9.On March 19,2003,American and United Nation's troops, supported by several other countries, began an invasion of Iraq.(F)

10.Although the combat operations in Iraq are over, it is still hard for America to decide when to withdraw its army.(T)

1.The first successful English colony in North America was founded at C in .

A. Jamestown, Louisiana B. Boston, Massachusetts C. Jamestown, Virginia D. Plymouth, Georgia

2. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of B who came to America to avoid

persecution in England.

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A. Protestants B. Puritans C. Catholics D. Christians 3. The Seven Years’ War occurred between the C . A. French and American Indians B. French and Spaniards C. French and British D. British and American Indians 4. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of D . A. the settlers of Virginia B. the people of Pennsylvania C. the colonists in New England

D. the people of the 13 colonies

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