2019全国II卷英语
2018全国II卷英语
2017全国II卷英语
2019年全国2卷高考英语试题解析
A
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列)of
lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a
new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel me parents
and the bossy headmisres，Miss Trunchbull，are equally fumy and frightening，but they're also
aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
It’s about two sisters-Eri，a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping，and Mari, a
young student . In trying to connect to her sister. Mari starts changing her life and discovers a
world of diverse ”night people” who are hiding secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Fynn
There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did but
the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy
battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is
horribly enjoyable
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu
outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil
among those let. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.
21. Who does \"I\" refer to in the text?
A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.
C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl
22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?
A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda.
C. After Dark. D. The Stand.
23. What kind of book is Gone Girl?)
A. A folk tale. B. A biography.
C. A love story. D. A horror story.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了作家Jo Usmar最喜欢的书籍。
【21解析】
细节理解题。由Matilda中的“I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’
s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words”可知，我曾经写
过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔德·达尔写作有影响的论文，这篇论文让我对他奇怪而有趣的文字有了新的认
识。所以Jo Usmar在介绍Matilda这本书，用第一人称“I”口吻来说明自己曾经写过一篇关于童话故事
对罗尔德·达尔写作有影响的论文。所以“I”指的是Jo Usmar。故C选项正确。
【22解析】
细节理解题。由After Dark中的“It’s about two sister-Eri,a model who either won’t or can’t stop
sleeping, and Mari,a young student”可知，故事讲的是两个姐妹---Eri是一个突然一觉不醒的模特。
玛丽，是一个充满青春活力的学生。所以After Dark中讲述了Eri和Mari的故事。故C选项正确。
【23解析】
细节理解题。由Gone Girl中的“......but the horror story is brilliant”可知，但是这个恐怖的故事很精
彩。所以Gone Girl讲述的是一个恐怖故事。故D选项正确。
B
“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This
was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长
曲棍球)club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around
stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again
and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk
about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point the unwilling parent
speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities
among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects
money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an
invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are
relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids
can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That
relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:
Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services
provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit.
However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where
my motivation lies?
24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l？
A. She knows little about the club.
B. She isn't good at sports.
C. She just doesn't want to volunteer.
D. She's unable to meet her schedule.
25. What does the underlined phrase“tug at the heartstrings”in paragraph 2 mean ?
A. Encourage team work.
B. Appeal to feeling.
C. Promote good deeds.
D. Provide advice.
26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrosse.
B. She is proud of her kids.
C. She’ll work for another season.
D. She becomes a good helper.
27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A. It gives her a sense of duty.
B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her to work hard.
D. It brings her material rewards.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，作为一名志愿者作者发挥
了自己的作用，并获得了快乐。
【24解析】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的 You can use me as a last resort（选择）, and if nobody else
volunteers，then I will do it.可知，你可以当我是最后的候选人，如果没有其他的志愿者，那么我就做。
由此可推断出，她不想做自愿者。故选C。
【25解析】
词义猜测题。根据划线前句she may just need a little persuading.和下面的一句话I mention the single
parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids
aren't even on ...可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故可知，划线句此处应是“煽情”之意。
故选B。
【26解析】
细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable
member of the team可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成了一个好帮手。
故选D。
【27解析】
细节理解题。题干问作者为什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四最两句Connecting to the community（社
区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just
feels so good.可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐， 参加志愿者活动活动能让人感觉快乐。故选B。
C
Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her
e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’
s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.
A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53
percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves. Only at
dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.
“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up
from her book. Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers
sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape
allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized.
“Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.
Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar.
He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on
a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone
and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to
work recharged and with a plan.”
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when
people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over. Now，
we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may
have before al the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demerit， whose company provided the
statistics for the report.
28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?
A. Food variety
B. Eating habits.
C. Table manners.
D. Restaurant service.
29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?
A. To meet with her coworkers.
B. To catch up with her work.
C. To have some time on her own.
D. To collect data for her report.
30. What do we know about Mazoleny?
A. He makes videos for the bar.
B. He’s fond of the food at the bar.
C. He interviews customers at the bar.
D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. The trend of having meals alone.
B. The importance of self-reflection.
C. The stress from working overtime.
D. The advantage of wireless technology.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A
【28解析】
推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在美国，约有46%的人们独自用餐，53%的人们独自吃早餐，46%的人们
独自吃午餐，只有74%的人们晚餐不是独自享用，故可知本段的数据是关于用餐习惯，故选B。
【29解析】
细节理解题。根据第三段A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the
shoulder. Today, I just wanted some time to myself.可知，Bechtel一个人吃午饭可以让她逃离老板的
关注，给自己留一些自由时间，故选C。
【30解析】
推理判断题。根据第四段he likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the
barkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction.可知
Mazoleny喜欢这样的气氛，因为可以坐在那里，查看手机信息，或者想聊天了，可以直呼吧台服务员名
字和他聊天，故可知，他与服务员很熟悉，可以直呼对方名字，故选D。
【31解析】
主旨大意题。本文通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多，比如逃离工作氛围，
或者反思自己，但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势，故选A。
D
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our
bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend
hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s
turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It depending on NASA HUNCH high
school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport
High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past
two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they
think they’re close to a solution(解决方案). “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have
to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.
“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no
grades, other than‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce
this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an
in-person review, and…it’s not a very nice thing at time. It’s a hard business review of your
product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical
life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that
annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the
problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?
A. They are hard to get rid of. B. They lead to air pollution.
C. They appear different forms. D. They damage the instruments.
33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?
A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships. B. To sharpen students’
communication skills.
C. To allow students to experience zero gravity. D. To link space technology with school
education
34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?
A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs
C. Adjust work schedules. D. Grade their homework.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts.
B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom.
D. HUNCH:A College Admission Reform.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B
本文为说明文。本文介绍了HUNCH项目就是通过Gordon的学生找到如何杀死空间站的细菌这一技术，
把空间技术与带进课堂，与学校教育相结合，从而最终影响到大学入学。
32解析】
【【33解析】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Bacteria are annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms
form our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts
spend hours cleaning them up each week.”可知，细菌对宇航员来说是个令人讨厌的问题。这种来自
我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面不受控制地生长，宇航员每周要花几个小时来清理它们。也就是说
它们很难去掉。其中的“the microorganisms”包括“bacteria”。由此可知， A项符合题意。
推理判断题。根据第二段的 “HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA
engineers. Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity,...”可知，
Hunch旨在把高中教室和NASA的工程师联系起来。Gordon的学生一直在研究如何在零重力下杀死细
菌, ...”。结合最后一段中的“Gordon students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the
problem,...”可知，学生每天都给NASA的工程师发邮件一起探讨（如何杀死空间站的细菌这一空间技术）
这个问题。由此可推断出HUNCH program的目的把空间技术与学校教育相结合。分析选项可知D项符
合题意。
【34解析】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the
year ,present it to NASA, ”“Engineers come and really do an in-person review，and ...It’s not a
very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.”可知，NASA的工程师要检
查学生所做的产品。分析选项可知A项符合题意，故选A。
【35解析】
主旨大意题。本文介绍了HUNCH项目把如何杀死空间站的细菌这一空间技术引入Gordon学校的课堂，
从而最终影响了大学入学。尤其是最后一段“HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions
and practical life skills.”可知，本题的最佳答案为D。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:
“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are
the two sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay
undecided.
___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you
need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your
desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important,
because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your
work. ___38___ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of
thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives,
keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____
They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot
but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess
your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You
cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties
at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
【答案】36. G 37. B
38. A 39. E
40. C
这是一篇议论文。文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出了一些方法。
【36解析】
上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，难以决定”。该空承上启下，
G选项“没有目标，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
【37解析】
下文说“不仅如此，你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文，B选项“那么你应该如何激
励自己呢”切题，故选B。
【38解析】
上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空
承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
【39解析】
上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。
【40解析】
上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新
评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这也不要使你沮丧”切题，故选
C。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota.
During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog
he had seen ___42___ alongside the road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but,
frightened, it had ___44___.
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend
Greg, and the two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw, across a field, the
dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.
Nervousness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad
had a ___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and
Lisa to tell them he had ___53___ their dog.
Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had
scared the dog off. Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a
flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough
to go to that kind of ___57___,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___.
I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs,” says
Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.”
41. A. read 42. A. read 43. A. tried regretted
44. A. calmed down 45. A. injured 46. A. home 47. A. preparation 48. A. cautiously 49. A. surprise 50. A. predicted 51. A. house C. thought C. eating C. promised C. rolled over C. lost C. back C. test C. skillfully C. hesitation C. believed C. street D. heard
D. sleeping
D.
D. run off
D. rescued
D. on
D. search
D. angrily
D. anxiety
D. recorded
D. car
B. forgot B. trembling B. agreed B. stood up B. stolen B. past B. explanation B. casually B. joy B. advertised B. phone 52. A. called B. copied C. counted D.
remembered
53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured
54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked
55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain
56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns
57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme
58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team
59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close
60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. B
51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到了主人。
【41解析】
考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指Ehlers一直在想关于那只狗
的事，think about考虑。故选C。
【42解析】
考查动词词义辨析。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖，trembling发抖。故选B。
【43解析】
考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth尽力做某事。故选A。
【44解析】
考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了，run off“跑开”
的意思。故选D。
【45解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用lost“丢失”。故选C。
【46解析】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers给他的朋友Greg打电话，他们俩又驱车返回。 根据上
文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back向后，回原处。故选C。
【47解析】
考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Greg在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在仔细寻找小
狗，search寻找。故选D。
【48解析】
考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的frightened, nervousness, fear等词并结合上文并根据下文Ehlers
最终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiously谨慎地，小心地。故选A。
【49解析】
考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，joy开心。故选B。
【50解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只丢失的狗。根
据本句的in the local paper及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的，advertise登广告。故选B。
【51解析】
考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码，phone number
电话号码。故选B。
【52解析】
考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指Ehlers给Jeff和Lisa（狗的主人）打了电话，call打
电话。故选A。
【53解析】
考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗，find找到。
故选C。
【54解析】
考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff带着狗在打猎，hunt打猎。故选A。
【55解析】
考查介词短语辨析。根据上文Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丢失后没有找到他的狗，in vain徒
劳。故选D。
【56解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的事。根据上文
可知，此处是指Ehlers对狗足够关心，care关心。故选A。
【57解析】
考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Ehlers开车把那只小狗Rosie送到100英里远的机场，把它航空托运到密
歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，trouble麻烦。故选B。
【58解析】
考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指Lisa在评论Ehlers帮助他们找回狗付出的努力，effort努力。
故选C。
【59解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样去接近它。根据下文Ehlers
说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样，close to靠近。故选D。
【60解析】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是表达他希望面
对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do乐意做某事。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest
full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm
daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of
hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be
Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans
___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work.
I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work
not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it
remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea
who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it
was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of
her. It's ___70___ (wonder).”
【答案】61. being
62. which 63. finally
64. declared
65. to retire
66. have made
67. but 68. saying
69. a 70. wonderful
本文为记叙文。讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，
没有退休的打算，她被颁发 “年度女士”称号。
【61解析】
考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
【62解析】
考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened
一词的宾语，故用which。
【63解析】
考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been
acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
【64解析】
考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用
一般过去时态，故填declared。
【65解析】
考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“…的计划”，故填to
retire。
【66解析】
考查动词时态。根据该定于从句中时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我
喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
【67解析】
考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想
做。此处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是…而是 …”之意，故填but。
【68解析】
考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call
的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
的【69解析】
考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。
【70解析】
考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错
误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Since I was a kid, I`ve considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman,
whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher
because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I
reconsidered mg goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was
that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.
And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.
【答案】job→jobs
coolly→cool
five→fifth
too→very/so
chemistry后面加上in/at
or→and
They→There
amazing→amazed
去掉more
is→was
2018年高考全国卷2英语试题解析
第二部分 阅读理解
A Summer Activities
Students should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they
would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices
and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to
sign to confirm their child’s choices.
Activity Description Member of staff Cost Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, Outdoor Adventure (OUT) discover new personal Mr. Clemens £140 qualities, and learn new skills. You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment. On Monday we travel to London. After staying WWI Battlefields overnight in London, we and Paris travel on Day 2 to (WBP) northern France to visit Mrs. Milson £425 the World War I battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights. Crafty Four days of product Mrs. Goode £30 Foxes design centred around (CRF) textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and decorations Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles. Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay overnight in an Potty about Potter approved Youth Hostel in (POT) Streatley-on -Thames, Miss Drake £150 guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxford’s Christchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter.
21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?
A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT.
22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?
A. Travel to London.
B. See a parade and fireworks.
C. Tour central Paris.
D. Visit the WWI battlefields.
23. How long does Potty about Potter last?
A. Two days. B. Four days.
C. Five days. D. One week.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A
【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这
些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。
21. 细节理解题。根据题干中的go camping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的wild camping (野
外露营)这个关键信息。故选A。
23. 细节理解题。根据题干中的信息Potty about Potter last我们从最后一种活动来寻找答案。关键信息
overnight意为“一夜的逗留”。故这个活动是持续两天。故选A。
点睛：做广告布告类说明文题型时一定要先看题干，再从文中找答案。我们可以清楚的看到：这三道题是
互相之间没有联系的并且都是根据题干中的关键信息就可以锁定某一段落直接找答案的。
B
Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in
abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little
powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their
seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much
protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange
stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are
antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in
vitamin C.
When combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base
for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for
freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers
and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning
brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature
of the freezer
If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.
Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a
children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and
watching the ice cream come out below.
24. What does the author seem to like about cherries?
A. They contain protein. B. They are high in vitamin A.
C. They have a pleasant taste. D. They are rich in antioxidants.
25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?
A. To make them smell better. B. To keep their colour.
C. To speed up their ripening. D. To improve their nutrition.
26. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?
A. A dessert. B. A drink.
C. A container. D. A machine.
27. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine.
C. A research paper. D. A travel brochure.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】本文是一篇日常生活类说明文。文中讲述了人们热爱水果丰盛的7月，这时候各种水果营养丰富
且含有对人体有益的微量元素，尤其是香蕉。我们可以利用它做一些孩子喜欢的甜点或冰淇淋。
24. 细节理解题。题干问的是，作者喜欢樱桃什么。根据第二段中As for cherries (樱桃), they are so
delicious who cares?（至于樱桃，因为它们很好吃谁在乎呢?）可知，作者在乎的是它的美味。故选C。
25. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will
prevent them turning brown.可知，往香蕉上滴新鲜的柠檬汁是为了防止香蕉变成褐色，故新鲜的柠檬
汁是被用来保持香蕉的颜色的。故选B。
26. 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the
machine and watching the ice cream come out below可知，孩子们喜欢把一些水果和冷冻的香蕉放
入到这台机器的上部，然后看到冰激凌从下面出来。故可以推出a juicer就是一台机器。故选D。
27. 文章出处题。文章首先指出七月是水果盛产的季节，并指出各种水果富含的营养，最后一段指出我们
可以用a juicer为孩子们做一些甜点和冰激凌，故最可能是从健康杂志上摘取的文章。A项意为：生物教
科书；B项意为：一本健康杂志；C项意为：一篇研究论文；D项意为：一本旅游手册。故选B。
点睛：做词义猜测题时我们要注意观察，划线单词的构成结构。如本题背划线的单词是juicer，我们都知
道“er”是单词的后缀。它既可以表示人，又可以表示物。如：cleaner既可以表示清洁工，又可以表示
清洁工具。根据下文中的意思，可以判断出本题中的a juicer是表示物。
C
Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense
Media report published Monday.
While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report
shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives, and indicates how parents might
help encourage more reading.
According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’
read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22
percent and 27 percent respectively today.”
The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2—8, remain
largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer
to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.
When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents
looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many
parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.
The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as
examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and
teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home,
more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time
for them to read.
As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents
might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to
the library or bookstore.
28. What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?
A. Children’s reading habits.
B. Quality of children’s books.
C. Children’s after-class activities.
D. Parent-child relationships.
29. Where can you find the data that best supports \"children are reading a lot less for fun\"?
A. In paragraph 2. B. In paragraph 3.
C. In paragraph 4. D. In paragraph 5.
30. Why do many parents limit electronic reading?
A. E-books are of poor quality.
B. It could be a waste of time.
C. It may harm children’s health.
D. E-readers are expensive.
31. How should parents encourage their children to read more?
A. Act as role models for them.
B. Ask then to write book reports.
C. Set up reading groups for them.
D. Talk with their reading class teachers.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A
【解析】据本周一公布的a Common Sense Media report报告显示，青少年和年幼的孩子们读书的乐趣
大大减少。文中从阅读的乐趣，阅读的时间，阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响等角度展示了该报告的内
容。
28. 推理判断题。题干问的是这篇报道可能是关于什么内容。根据整篇文章，我们可以看出这篇报道讲述
了孩子们阅读的乐趣，孩子们阅读的时间，孩子们阅读方式和父母对孩子阅读的影响。A项意为：孩子们
的阅读习惯；B项意为：孩子们所读书籍的质量；C项意为：孩子们的课后活动；D项意为：父母与孩子
的关系。故选A。
29. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的the proportion (比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has
gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27
percent respectively today.可知，很少为乐趣而阅读的人的比例已经分别从1984年的13岁的8%和17
岁的9%上升到现在的22%和27%。也就是说，为乐趣而读书的人越来越少了。故选B。
30. 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to
concerns about increased screen time可知，许多家长仍然限制电子阅读，主要是由于担心看一些电子
屏幕的时间越来越多，也即是担心会伤害孩子们的健康。故选C。
31. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence
of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading.可
知，有明显的证据表明，父母为孩子们做榜样并为孩子们作重要指导能培养孩子的阅读习惯。也即是说，
父母可以通过给孩子们作榜样来鼓励孩子们阅读的。故选A。
点睛：作此类型的题时，一定要读懂第一段。第一段读懂了，整篇文章大意也就迎刃而解了。明白了大意，
第28题我们也不难看出答案，本文讲的肯定不是质量，不是活动也不是关系。而是习惯，即孩子们的阅
读习惯。
D
We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people
who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the
uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational
intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and
challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself
among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable
social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships
wouldn’t
even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social
communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana
University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with
small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with
others, not just communicate with them.＂
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people
on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its
waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with
their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂
It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But
interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being
also.＂
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of
belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts
with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says.
32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A. Addiction to smartphones.
B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.
C. Absence of communication between strangers.
D. Impatience with slow service.
33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?
A. Showing good manners. B. Relating to other people.
C. Focusing on a topic. D. Making business deals.
34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?
A. It improves family relationships. B. It raises people’s confidence.
C. It matters as much as a formal talk. D. It makes people feel good.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Conversation Counts B. Ways of Making Small Talk
C. Benefits of Small Talk D. Uncomfortable Silence
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】这是一篇议论文。在当今社会，人们在公共场合或沉迷于智能手机，或与不舒服的沉默抗争，陌
生人之间缺乏沟通。但人与人之间是需要适当的交谈闲聊的，闲聊是人际关系社会交往必不可少的部分，
而且也有很多好处。
32. 主旨大意题。题干问的是：第一段描述了什么现象。在公共场合（比如在电梯里，在银行排队，或在
飞机上）人们深深地专注于他们的智能手机，或者更糟糕的是，与不舒服的沉默抗争。有此可知，陌生人
之间缺乏沟通。A项意为：沉迷于智能手机。B项意为：在公共场所不适当的行为。C项意为：陌生人之
间缺乏沟通。D项意为：对缓慢的服务不耐烦。故选C项。
33. 推理判断题。题干问得是对于Carducci来说，成功的闲聊中重要的是什么。根据第三段最后一句“The
key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with
them”（成功闲聊的关键是学习如何与他们交流，而不仅仅是与他们沟通。）由此推断C符合题意。A项意
为：表现出良好的礼貌。B项意为：与他人有关的。C项意为：专注于一个话题。D项意为：做商业交易。
故选B项。
34. 推理判断题。题干问的是：咖啡店的研究对闲聊有什么建议。根据第四段的调查结果可知，那些与服
务员聊天的人，有显著的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。由此可知，D项符合题意。A项意为：闲聊改善
了家庭关系。B项意为：闲聊提高了人们的信心。C项意为：闲聊和正式谈话一样重要。D项意为：闲聊
让人感觉很好。故选D项。
35. 主旨大意题。整篇文章刚开始介绍了社会的现象（公共场合人们沉迷于智能手机，陌生人之间缺乏沟
通交流），接着分析了这一问题的原因，接下来有专家对闲聊进行了研究，最后得出结论，闲聊都有什么样
的好处。A项意为：谈话很重要。B项意为：闲聊的方法。C项意为：闲聊的好处。D项意为：不舒服的
沉默。故选C项。
点睛：我们在做阅读理解时，尽量找出每段的主讲内容（可能是一句话或是一个短语），这样有利于整篇文
章的把握，有利于做文章大意题。如35题，很显然本文讲的不是重要性也不是方法更不是沉默，所以ABD
都可以轻松排除。
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can
be hard to try and find the time to work out. ___36___ Working out in the morning provides
additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle
whatever is ahead of you for the day.___37___
Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. ___38___ If you work out in the mornings, then
you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
___39___ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those
who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a
peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
___40___ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to
healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating
junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an
hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. F 39. B 40. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。
36. 根据空前的内容“生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空后的内容“晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其
他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then listen up!
（那么请仔细听!）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
37. 根据上一句Exercising makes you more awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后
保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释。故选E。
38. 空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会得到卡路里一
整天都在燃烧的益处，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F
项的进一步延伸。故选F。
39. 此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质
量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
40. 根据空后句子“If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to
stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的
食物选择。）”，A项(你将坚持你的饮食。)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。
点睛：七选五题型，要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的
关系，所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。本篇文章采用总分总的结构，第一
段和最后一段是总述，中间是分述，中间每段都是主题句加分述句构成。
第三部分 语言知识运用
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two weeks earlier. my son . Ben ,had got in touch , he’d moved to England with his mum
when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d ___41___ seen him . So imagine my ___42___
when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.
I was ___43___ ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to ___44___ . The bay
was ___45___ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a
little ___46___ .I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in ___47___ . “Something’s not ___48___ !” I took
off my T-shirt and ___49___ into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man
lying across the middle. He was ___50___ violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors . I
helped ___51___ the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face,
something ___52___ to me. Those brown eyes were very ___53___ . “What’s his name ?” I asked
the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I ___54___ . That stranger was my son!
The instructors called for an ambulance.___55___ ,after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well
enough to be allowed to ___56___ and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about
everything and then Ben ___57___ to me. “I just want to say thank you,” he said, “You
___58___ my life !”
I still can’t believe what a ___59___ it was. I’m just so glad I was there ___60___ to
help my son.
41. A. also B. often C. even D. last
42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry
43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed
44. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle
45. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed
46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser
47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle
48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit
49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell
50. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking
51. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep
52. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed
53. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar
54. A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew
55. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly
56. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave
57. A. joked B. turned C. listened D. pointed
58. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided
59. A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain
60. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D
51. C 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救了一个
年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子。
41. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13年了。由此可以暗示
出是上一次见面。A. also也；B. often经常；C. even甚至；D. last上一次，故选D项切题。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮件，并且说
要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。A. delight高兴，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，
减轻；C. anger怒，忿怒；D. worry担心。故选A项切题。
43. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者13年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要来拜访自己
的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared惊恐的；B. shocked震惊的；C. thrilled欣喜若狂的；D. ashamed
惭愧的。故选C项切题。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见
面。A. talk谈话；B. stay停留； C. meet见面；D. settle解决。故选C项切题。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed沐浴；B. clean
清扫；C. deep深处；D. formed形成。故选A项切题。
46. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，才能意识到
一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier重的，沉重的；
D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A. trouble麻烦，
困难；B. advance前进，进展；C. question问题，疑问；D. battle战斗，战役。故选A项切题。
48. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real真实的；B. right
正确的，正常的；C. fair公平的；D. fit合适的。故选B项切题。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的T恤衫，跳入水中。
A. stared盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank下沉，沉没；C. dived潜水，跳水；D. fell打倒；击倒。
故选C项切题。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying across the middle和下文He was unconscious可知，
应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing争论，辩论；B. fighting打架；C. shouting呼喊；D. shaking摇
动。故选D项切题。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead领导，引导，带领；B. persuade说服，劝服；
C. carry搬运，装运；D. keep保持；保存，保留；故选C项切题。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur跟to短语时，表
示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen后接不定式，是\"碰巧\"的意思。故选B项切题。
53. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的。
A. sharp锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive有吸引力的；引人注目的；
D. familiar亲密的，熟悉的。故选D项切题。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed同意，
赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted怀疑；疑惑；D. knew知道，了解。故选D项
切题。
55. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly
率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly突然地，忽然地；故选A项切题。
56. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well enough可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return返回；报答；
B. relax放松，休息；C. speak说；D. leave离开。故选D项切题。
57. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben转向我向我说谢谢。A. joked
开玩笑；B. turned转向；C. listened听；D. pointed指出。故选B项切题。
58. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救了我
的生命。A. created创造；创作；B. honored尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved救，拯救；D. guided指
导，指挥；故选C项切题。
59. 考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence巧合，巧事；B. change改
变，变更，变换；C. pity怜悯，同情；D. pain疼痛；痛苦。故选A项切题。
60. 考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board在船上；B. in time
及时；C. for sure肯定；D. on purpose目的。故选B项切题。
点睛：occur和happen的区别
1. occur是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间“发生”
的事。跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”。例如：Something occurred意思是“某事发生了”。
An idea occurs to me that going to Switzerland for traveling will be marvelous! 我想到去瑞士旅游
会很棒!
2. happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”，是不及物动词。例如：How did
the accident happen? 这事故是怎样发生的?
If anything happens, please let me know. 有什么事发生，请告诉我。
如果happen后接不定式，是“碰巧”的意思。如：
I happened to meet him on my way home. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇到他。
注意：happen和happen to都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ___61___
（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past
25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used
to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages
farmers to grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water
___65___ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in
the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___
(globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—
when the government ___68___ (start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer
recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That
prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to
protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens \"offers useful lessons for agriculture
and food policymakers worldwide.\" says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
【答案】61. has grown
62. the 63. actually
64. to improve
65. than 66. pollution
67. global 68. started
69. that/which
70. feeding
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界
上的知名认识的认可。
61. 考查时态。since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻
多。故填has grown。
62. 考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过
去的25年里。故填the。
63. 考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。
故填actually。
64. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语
动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。
65. 考查连词。句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知，填比较连词。故填than。
66. 考查词性转换。句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。
has decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。
67. 考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，
故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。
68. 考查谓语动词。句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when引导的定语从句，
由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。
69. 考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引
导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。
70. 考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮
食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句
的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有
be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。
点睛：学会分析句子成分。The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 - when the
government started a soil-testing program which /that gives specific fertilizer recommendations
to farmers - and 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 这句话中有两个定语从句。一个是
关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词是2005，the government是主语，a soil-testing program是
宾语，故此空缺少谓语动词，我们可以看出时态是一般过去时。另一个是关系代词指代program引导的
定语从句，先行词是program，gives是第三人称谓语动词，可以看出是考查关系词。代指物并作主语，
关系词要用that/which。
第四部分 写作
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言
错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
71. When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play
card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how
many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that
playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I
didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught
me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
【答案】When I was little, night was our family game night. After supper, we would
play card games of all in the sitting room. As kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no
matter how many times I asked to them, my parents would not let me. They would
say to that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games
them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents until I entered high school. The
games my parents taught me I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
2017全国卷2英语试题解析
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
A
In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking
Shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our globe, within the architecture Shakespeare
wrote for. please come and join us.
National Theatre Of China Beijing|Chinese
This great occasion(盛会) will be the national Theatre of China’s first visit to the UK. The
company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of
Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.
Date &Time: Saturday 28 April,2.30pm&Sunday 29 April,1.30pm&6.30pm
Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi |Georgian
One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928,appears regularly
at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed（指导）by the
company’s Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.
Date & Time : Friday 18May,2.30pm&Saturday 19May,7.30pm
Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language （BSL）
By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of
BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build
a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.
Date&Time: Tueaday 22 May,2.30pm&Wednesday 23 May,7.30pm
Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv| Hebrew
The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide, Founded in Moscow after the
1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s,Since 1958,they have
been recognized as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.
Date &Time: Monday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm
21.which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?
A. Richard Ⅲ. B. Lover’s Labour’s Lost.
C.As You Like It. D. The merchant of Venice.
22.What is special about Deafinnitely Theatre?
A. It has two groups of actors. B. It is the leading theatre in London.
C. It performs plays in BSL. D. It is good at producing comedies.
23.When can you see a play in Hebrew?
A. On Saturday 28Apil. B. On Sunday 29 April.
C. On Tuesday 22 May. D. On Tuesday 29 May.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了莎士比亚的戏剧被翻译成几个国家的语言，并将在这些
国家的大剧院上映的有关情况。
【深化拓展】阅读理解旨在考查考生对于文章整体的理解与细节的把握与分析，要在了解整篇文章框架的
基础上进行选择。本文属于广告类短文，所考查三题均为细节题中的直接理解题。细节事实理解题主要考
查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。
直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就能得
分，属于低层次题。在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决直接理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供
的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出
正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或
段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。
例如第21题，根据题目“which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?”，由题目
中出现的关键信息the National Theatre of China，直接定位第一篇宣传广告，在文中找到“This
production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate
Director,Wang Xiaoying” 可知，Shakespeare’s Richard III 会在中国国家大剧院上映，故选A。
考点：考查广告类阅读。
B
I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film — it
wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people
would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years
later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a
tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技艺）and focused on digging into the
characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of
American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an
underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put
something back— he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who
are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see
each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other
financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew
what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of
words.
24.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?
A. Paul Newman wanted it.
B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent.
C. He wasn’t famous enough.
D. The director recommended someone else.
25.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?
A. They were of the same age.
B. They worked in the same theater.
C. They were both good actors.
D. They have similar characteristics.
26.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Their belief.
B. Their care for children.
C. Their success.
D. Their support for each other.
27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show his love of films.
B. To remember a friend.
C. To introduce a new movie.
D. To share his acting experience.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想
让我参演电影时，Paul Newman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，
两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。
24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted
somebody as well known as Paul”可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。
25.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American
actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying
affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen”可知，作者与Paul
之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。
【深化拓展】 本文前三题均考查了细节题。在完成细节题时，学+要特别注意排除干扰项。
如24题中的A项“Paul Newman wanted it.”属于“颠倒黑白”类干扰项，根据“When the studio didn’
t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”可知制片人不想要我，说明A
项明显错误。
干扰项的设置方法除了“颠倒黑白”之外，通常还有以下几种方式：
1. 张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却
是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。
2. 偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个
词汇，造成句意的改变。
3. 无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种
选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
C
Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the
company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle —named the
Transition – has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The
Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per
hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per
hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.
Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they
go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the
public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many
driveways. It’s expected to cost $279,000.And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car
needs a runway.
Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an
airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the
flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials
to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make
sure it meets federal safety standards.
Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years
ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for
pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia
says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the
Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.
28. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The basic data of the Transition. B. The advantages of flying cars.
C. The potential market for flying cars. C. The designers of the Transition.
29. Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?
A. It causers traffic jams. B. It is difficult to operate.
C. It is very expensive. D. It burns too much fuel.
30. What is the government’s attitude to the development of the flying car?
A. Cautious B. Favorable.
C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. Flying Car at Auto Show B. The Transition’s First Flight
C.Pilots’ Dream Coming True D. Flying Car Closer to Reality
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Terrafugia公司研制出了飞车，试飞成功，预计将于明年进
行销售。本文主要对飞车的历史由来及其构架进行了介绍。
28.A 【解析】段落大意题。根据“The vehicle-named the Transition – has two seats wheels and
wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight
minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the flies using a
23-gallon tank of gas and bums 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per
gallon.”可知选A。
29.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s
expected to cost $279,000”可知，因为Transition 的价格较高，所以不太可能在太多的马路上出现。
故选C。
30.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据“he government has already permitted the company to use special
materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly”以及“Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the
Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for
light sport aircraf”可知，政府对于飞车的研发是比较支持的。故选B。
31.D 【解析】标题归纳题。浏览全文，主要从飞车的试飞成功、飞车的构架以及多年以前人们对飞车的
设想至今成为现实展开说明。故选D。
D
When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack
Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a
particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of
the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of
chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’
s way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbours
react.
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty.
They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the
attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes
lunch.
In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The
damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay
safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant
just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was
talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was
exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.
32. What does a plant do when it is under attack?
A. It makes noises. B. It gets help from other plants.
C. It stands quietly D. It sends out certain chemicals.
33. What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?
A. The attackers get attacked.
B. The insects gather under the table.
C. The plants get ready to fight back.
D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
34.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .
A. predict natural disasters B. protect themselves against insects
C. talk to one another intentionally D. help their neighbors when necessary
35.what can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The world is changing faster than ever.
B. People have stronger senses than before
C. The world is more complex than it seems
D. People in Darwin’s time were imaginative.
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，当植物受到攻击时，会发出VOCs，以此来保护自
己或者与周围的植物通过化学物质进行交流。
32.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out
a particular
smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of
the plant and seem to be an alarm”可知，当植物受到伤害时，会分泌一种特殊的化学物
质。
33.A 【解析】词义推测题。根据“Once they arrive,the tables are turned.The attacker who was
lunching now
becomes lunch”，一旦它们到达这里，这些攻击者就会受到植物的攻击，故选A。
34.B 【解析】细节理解题，根据“Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when
being
attacked” 及“Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away... ”可知答
案选B。
35.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据“imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than
the world
we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on”可知，这个世界
远比我们看到或听到的更热闹、更亲密，我们认知能力有限，有很多事仍在继续发生，远比我们想
象的要复杂。故选C。
【深化拓展】
本文33题属于词义猜测题。我们可以根据后句“Once they arrive, the tables are turned.The attacker
who was lunching now becomes lunch”中的lunch,说明攻击者会成为午餐以及“When a leafy plant
is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly植物受到攻击时，不会坐以待毙”，故the tables are turned意
为“The plants get ready to fight back.植物准备反击”。本题属于典型的理由上下文语境推测。
近几年高考阅读中猜测词义考查方法多样化，其中根据上下文语境推测将会越来越多。根据上下文语境作
出判断：有时短文中出现一个需猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义域解释或例子，这就是判断
该词或短语意义的主要依据。
考点：考查记叙文阅读。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.
36 ,there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
37 .Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do
and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back
during that time or that you’ll find them then. 38 .It can help to eliminate(消除) future
interruptions.
When you need to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 39 , it’s much easier to
excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even
after explaining how busy you are
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 . If someone knocks and it’
s not an important matter. Excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get
the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt you
G.Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
36-40 BAEDG
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。为避免工作被打断是一件令人感觉很糟糕的事，文章提出了几点建
议，防止此类事件的发生。
39.D 【解析】根据后文“it’s much easeier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you
try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are”，此句中it
指代前文“don’t do it in your own office.”，也就是说此段中作者认为比起在自己的办公室解释，
不在自己的办公室更容易点。故选D。
40.G 【解析】根据“If you have a door to your office,make good use of it.”可知，此段主要是讲述
关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。故选G。
【深化拓展】
本文37题属于七选五阅读中最常见的设空在段首的方法，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根
据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。本题我们根据后文“Tell the person you’
re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a
different time”可知我们应该学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。故选A。当七选五阅读设空在句首时，
还可能存在以下两种情况：
1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结
尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找
相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种
的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前
后对应关系。
考点：考查说明文阅读
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In1973,I was teaching elementary school. Each day,27kids 41 “The Thinking Laboratory.”
That was the 42 students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too 43 .
Freddy was an average 44 ,but not an average person .He had the rare balance of fun
and compassion（同情）.He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’
s 46 .
Before the school year 47 ,I gave the kids a special 48 , T-shirts with the words
“Verbs Are Your 49 ” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs（动词）may seem
dull ,most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.
Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old
classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and
remained the same 53 person I met forty years before .Once, while working overnight at a
store, he let a homeless man 54 in his truck. Another time ,he 55 a friend money to buy
a house .
Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A
woman 57 the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and 58
it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a 59 from Freddy’s mother. “Freddy passed away
on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”
I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling. Although Freddy was
taken from us, we all 60 something from Freddy.
41. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran
42. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan
43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull
44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker
45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh
46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake
47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D.
ended
48.A.lesson 49. A. Friends 50. A. simple 51. A. assessments 52. A. graduation 53. A. daring 54. A. wait 55. A. paid 56. A. observing conducting
57. A. regretted 58. A. opened B. gift B. Awards B. unique B. comments B. retirement B. modest B. sleep B. charged B. preparing B. avoided B. packed C. report D. message
C. Masters D. Tasks
C. fun D. clever
C. instructions D. updates
C. separation D. resignation
C. caring D. smart
C. study D. live
C. lent D. owed
C. designing D.
C. excused D. ignored
C. gave D. held
59. A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary
60. A. chose B. took C. expected D. borrowed
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了作者的一个学生Freddy既有趣又有同情心，作者在Freddy
高中毕业前送给他一件衬衫，上面写着告诫他“动词”在人生中的重要性，而他在毕业后也保持着乐于助
人的品质，但不幸的是Freddy在若干年后去世了，而那件衬衫也回到了作者的手中，作者以及他的学生
们都从Freddy身上学到了一些宝贵的品质。
41.B 考查动词词义辨析，A. built 建造， B. entered 进入， C. decorated 装饰， D. ran跑步。每天，
27个孩子都会“进入”“思想实验室”，故选B。
42.A 考查名词词义辨析，A. name名字， B. rule规则，C. brand品牌， D. plan计划。 “思想实验
室”这个“名字”是同学们投票得来的，故选A。
43.D 考查形容词词义辨析，A. small小的，B. dark 黑的， C. strange 奇怪的， D. dull无聊的，由后
文可知，同学们是因为“104室”这个名字太“无聊”才把名字改为“思想实验室”的，故选D。
44.B 考查名词词义辨析，A. scholar学者， B. student学生， C. citizen市民， D. worker工人，通
读全文可知Freddy是作者的一名“学生”，故选B。
45.D 考查动词词义辨析，A. speak 说， B. sing 唱歌， C. question质问， D. laugh大笑。对于好玩
的事情，他会“笑”得最大声，故选D。
46.A 考查名词词义辨析，A. misfortune不幸， B. disbelief怀疑，C. dishonesty不诚实， D. mistake
错误，根据前句：Freddy在有趣和富有同情心之间可以做到罕见的平衡，所以对于任何人的“不幸”，
他会很悲伤，故选A。
50.C 考查形容词词义辨析，A.simple 简单的，B.unique独特的， C. fun 有趣的，D.clever聪明的。 “尽
管动词也许看起来很无聊，但人们的一生当中做的大部分有趣之事都将是动词”，“无聊”与“有
趣”相对，故选C。
51.D 考查名词词义辨析，A.assessments评估，B. comments评论， C.instructions 指导， D.updates
更新。我遇到过以前的学生，他们常常会提供一些老同学的“最新情况”，故选D。
52.A 考查名词词义辨析，A.graduation毕业， B. retirement退休，C.separation 分离，D.resignation
辞职。在Freddy高中毕业后，做了好几份工作，故选A。
53.C 考查形容词词义辨析，A.daring勇敢的， B.modest 谦虚的，C.caring贴心的， D.smart聪明的。
他让无家可归的人睡在了他的卡车上，可知他仍然是很爱关照人的，贴心的，故选C。
54.B 考查动词词义辨析，A.wait等待，B.sleep 睡觉， C.study 学习， D.live居住。他让一位无家可
归的人“睡在”他的卡车上，故选B。
55.C 考查动词词义辨析，A.paid ，支付，B.charged 索要， C.lent 借出， D.owed欠。还有一次，
他借钱给朋友，让朋友买到房，故选C。
56.D 考查动词词义辨析，A.observing观察， B.preparing 准备，C. designing设计， D.conducting
组织，实施，执行。我正在班级里组织一个专题研讨会的时候，突然有人敲门，故选D。
57.C 考查动词词义辨析，A.regretted 后悔，遗憾， B.avoided避免，C.excused原谅，宽恕， D.ignored
忽视。因为当时正在上课，所以这名女子为自己的打断行为要求得到原谅，故选C。
58.A 考查动词词义辨析，A.opened打开，B.packed打包， C.gave给予， D.held握住。我停止教学，
打开信封，故选A。
59.C 考查名词词义辨析，A.picture 图片， B.bill 账单，C.note 纸条，便笺， D.diary日记，根据后
文的描述，可知衬衫上是一个便笺，上面写着…… 故选C。
60.B 考查动词词义辨析，A.chose 选择， B.took 拿走， C.expected 期待， D.borrowed借入。尽
管Freddy离开了我们，我们从他的身上也带走了一些东西，故选B。
【深化拓展】
本篇完形填空很好地体现出重在考查语篇理解能力，且不在情节上、词汇考查大做文章的趋势。其中对
于语篇的上下文复现考查非常之多。 语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下
义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的
词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正
确答案。如：
I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same
53 person I met forty years before .
53.A.daring B.modest C.caring D.smart
【分析】同义词同现，根据第二段第二句“He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）”，
这里的compassion与选项中的caring虽然词性不同，但表达的是相同的意思，属于同义词同现。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just
under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as
they travelled to and ___62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an
interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building
a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have
been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the
railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people
were using___67__ every day.
Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）,
which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___
(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most
___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and
bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
【解析】
试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。
67.it考查代词，这里用it指代前句的railway,故填it。
68.managed 考查动词，此处表示过去的情况，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed。
69.introduction考查词性转换，空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction。
70.successful考查形容词，空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful。
【深化拓展】
在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。如本文的，横线前是冠词the，所以横线上要使用名词
introduction。，在英语中，副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修
饰名词。所以本句中使用副词fairly作状语修饰形容词pleasant。
词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。
技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。
技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。
技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。
技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词， 有可能考词类转换；若是
形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。
技巧5：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前
后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-，il-, ir-，in-, non-, dis-等，在词根后加-less等。
考点：考查语法填空
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言
错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them
about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in
planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier
and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. beside, they
often get some useful informations from the internet. When summer came, they will invite their
students pick the vegetables！
答案
Mr. and Mrs. Zhang
all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes
boththem about
ahour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are
an/oneinterestingin planting vegetables in their garden,
interestedthatis on the rooftop of their house. They whichoften get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought
for some
earlygardening tools.
beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet. When
informationbesidessummer
came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables！
cometo试题分析：考查记叙文，本文主要讲了张先生和张太太的日常工作和生活。
1.all改为both：考查both和all的用法，both的主语是两个，而all的主语是三个或者三个以上，故将
all改为both。
2.a改为an或one：考查冠词，因为hour音标的首字母是元音，所以应用an,故将a改为an或者one。
3.interesting改为interested：考查形容词，由于此句的主语是人，而interesting的主语是物，故将
interesting改为interested。
4.that改为which:考查非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which。
5.earlier改为early：考查副词，earlier是形容词比较级，不能修饰动词get up, 故将earlier改为early。
6.将for去掉：考查动词，bought是及物动词，后无需跟介词，故将for去掉。
7.beside改为besides：考查连接词，beside是介词，“在……旁边”，而这里需要一个连接词，故将beside
改为besides。
8.informations改为information：考查名词，information是不可数名词，故将informations改为
information.
9.came改为comes：考查时态，本文全篇为一般现在时，故将came改为comes。
10.pick改为to pick：考查动词，本句出现了两个动词，所以要将第二个动词变为非谓语动词，又根据句
意：摘新鲜的蔬菜是目的，所以把第二个动词变为to do不定式的形式表目的，故将pick前加上to。
【深化拓展】
高考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点层次越
高，就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查，而高层次的考点往往
侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。
一、词法改错
词法的测试包括：定冠词和不定冠词的用法；名词的单复数和名词的所有格；动词的时态、语态、语气，
情态动词和非谓语动词等；人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用
法；介词的搭配；并列连词、从属连词的用法；形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；固定搭
配和习惯用法。
例如：本题中的
8.informations改为information 考查名词单复数
二、句法改错
句法的测试包括：主谓语在数上的一致性；名词性从句、定语从句和强调句；句子结构的连贯性、完整性、
对等性和逻辑性。
例如：
4.that改为which 考查非限制性定语从句。
三、语篇改错
语篇的测试包括：上下文的时态是否一致；上下文中的代词指代是否一致；上下文中的逻辑关系是否一致。
例如：
9.came改为comes 考查时态
考点：考查短文改错
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