2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习（36)及答案
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项.
A
Children's Books: Hawking’s fact and fiction
George F．R．Ellis ＆ Ruby
BOOK REVIEWED—George's Secret Key to the Universe
by Lucy & Stephen Hawking
Stephen Hawking's book A Brief History of Time was a huge commercial success．Its achievements in bringing difficult scientific ideas to a wide audience are not so clear．Now the distinguished physicist has teamed up with his daughter Lucy to produce a children’s book designed to communicate contemporary physics．Will it capture the attention of young minds and teach them some real science？ Or will it be boring and over the heads of the prospective readers?
George’s Secret Key to the Universe is an adventure story complete with villains and hero and is illustrated with enjoyable line—drawings．It involves a lost pig, a humorously portrayed intelligent computer， school bullies and a trip through the Solar System．Didactic discussions on aspects of modern physics， such as supernova explosions and black—hole physics are hung on this set-up．There are also fact boxes on physics and astronomy， and some photographs of astronomical phenomena： planets, comets， galaxies and so on．Overall， the book is a serious effort to
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convey facts and ideas in present day astronomy and astrophysics， within a science—fiction adventure story．
The mixture is great．Children love facts and adventure stories．The combination will catch their interest and keep them occupied for hours．After ten minutes of leafing through the book, my granddaughter Ruby was deeply absorbed and I had to promise to bring it back for her to read after I had completed my review．Like any educational tool， it will succeed for some and not for others．I suppose there should be more of the former．
1．Where do you think this passage is taken？ A．From a news story．
B．From a textbook．
C．From a book review． D．From an advertisment．
2．Which of the following books is mainly reviewed in this passage?
A．George’s Secret Key to the Universe B．A Brief History of
Time
C．The Nature of Space and Time
fiction
3．What is the author’s attitude towards the book being reviewed？ A．It will be less successful．
successful．
C．It will be a complete failure．
means ______．
D．It all depends on Ruby
4．The underlined word “leafing” (in the last paragrph） probably
B．It will be more D．Hawking’s fact and
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A．adding leaves to a book B．throwing away a book C．tearing up a book 参考答案
1-4 CABD
D．turning pages of a book
C5 [2013·安徽卷］ E
Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place.Around 1870，it was experiencing an economic(经济的）boom，and the capital，Buenos Aires，attracted many people.Farmers,as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy,came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs.These jobs didn’t pay well,and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city.As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city，the dance known as the tango(探戈舞） came into being.
At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes。It was danced in the bars and streets。At that time there were many fewer women than men，so if a man didn't want to be left out，his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women。Gradually,the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable.
In Europe at this time，strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning. The interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris.Every kind of dance from ballet(芭蕾舞) to belly dancing
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could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters。 After tango dancers from Argentina arrived in Europe，they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exciting dance in cafes。 Though not everyone approved of the new dance,saying it was a little too shocking，the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular。
The popularity(流行）of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world。Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War Ⅰ brought the tango to North America。It reached Japan in 1926，and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act as a kind of dance ambassador，and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea.
72．The origin of the tango is associated with________． A．belly dancers B．American soldiers
C．a Spanish city D．the capital of Argentina 73．Which of the following is true about the tango? A．It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy。 B．People of the upper classes loved the tango most。 C．It was often danced by two males in the beginning. D．A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador. 74．Before World War Ⅰ，the tango spread to________． A．America B．Japan C．France D．South Korea
75．What can be the best title for the text?
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A．How to Dance the Tango B．The History of the Tango C．How to Promote the Tango D．The Modern Tango Boom
【要点综述】 你知道探戈舞的历史吗?它是如何诞生的？又如何传播到世界各地？且看本文一一道来。
72．D 细节理解题。根据题干中“the origin of the tango”定位到第一段的内容，可知探戈起源于阿根廷首都，故选D。
73．C 推理判断题.根据题干中的关键词“tango”定位到文章第二段第三句“At that time， there were many fewer women than men， so if a man didn’t want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women。”,因此可知C项正确。
74．C 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“Before World WarⅠ”定位到最后一段.探戈传到美国是第一次世界大战结束后，传到日本是1926年，传到韩国更晚.由此可知，答案A、B、D均不对.而从文章第三段可知，探戈传到法国应该是在第一次世界大战之前。故选C。
75．B 主旨大意题。根据题干中的关键词“best title”定位到文章的内容。由文章内容可知，文章首段讲述了探戈的诞生,接着讲述了探戈的传播,也就是说，全文讲述的是探戈的历史。故选B.
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Exercise， such as walking, can reduce the risk of diabetes (糖尿病） in people whose blood sugar is starting to rise．That outcome was shown in a large study．Despite trying hard, those who dieted and worked out lost very little weight．But they did manage to maintain a regular walking program， and fewer of them went on to develop diabetes．
Exercise also may reduce the risk of heart disease．There seems to be some effect: Most of the heart protection appears to be realized by walking regularly．More intense exercise has been shown to provide only slightly greater benefits．
Active people are much less likely to smoke; they’re thinner and they eat differently than people who are less active．They also tend to be more educated, and education is one of the strongest predictors of good health in general and a longer life．As a result, it is impossible to know with confidence whether exercise prevents heart disease or whether people who are less likely to get heart disease are also more likely to be exercising．
Still, in rigorous studies in which elderly people were assigned either to exercise or maintain their normal routine， the exercisers were less likely to fall, perhaps because they got stronger or developed better balance．Exercise may prevent broken bones—but only indirectly．
And what about weight loss？ Lifting weights builds muscles but will not make you burn more calories．Jack Wilmore， an exercise physiologist at Texas A ＆ M University, calculated that the average amount of muscle that men gained after a serious 12—week weight-lifting
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program was 2 kilograms, or 4．4 pounds．That added muscle would increase the metabolic rate （代谢率) by only 24 calories a day．
Exercise alone， in the absence of weight loss， has not been shown to reduce blood pressure．Nor does it make much difference in cholesterol （胆固醇) levels．Weight loss can lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels， but if you want to lose weight, you have to diet as well as exercise．Exercise alone has not been shown to bring sustained weight loss．Just ask Steven Blair, an exercise researcher at the University of South Carolina．He runs every day and even runs marathons．But, he adds， “I was short, fat and bald when I started running, and I'm still short， fat and bald．Weight control is difficult for me．I fight the losing battle．”
The difficulty, Dr．Blair says, is that it’s much easier to eat 1,000 calories than to burn off 1,000 calories with exercise．As he relates， “An old football coach used to say, ‘I have all my assistants running five miles a day, but they eat 10 miles a day．’\"
5．In the case of Steven Blair， running does ______ to his weight
control．
A．little
B．much
C．good
D．harm
6．The last paragraph of the text tells us that the problem is that people
tend to ______？
A．burn off 1，000 calories in a day
they get
C．get more energy than they use
D．run five miles in a B．use more energy than
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football game
7．Which of the following is true according to the text? A．Exercise can certainly prevent heart disease． B．Exercise alone can not reduce blood pressure． C．Lifting weight can directly prevent broken bones． D．Walking can not reduce blood sugar in people．
8．According to the text， the more educated one is， the ______． A．less exercise one will take B．stronger and thinner one will be C．more cigarettes one will smoke
generally be
参考答案5-8 ACBD
D．healthier one will
C5 [2013·福建卷］ D
Pride and Prejudice for the Modern Woman
Let us imagine how Pride and Prejudice， Jane Austen's most
famous work, might be updated， 200 years on.
Austen’s popularity is rooted in her intelligence. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters. Here’s my own suggestion…
It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism.
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“My dear husband，\" said his hopeful wife one day， “have you heard that the local store， standing empty for so long, is taken over by a bright young businesswoman？\"
Her dull and indifferent （漠不关心的) husband replied that he had not.
“But it is, it is，” she replied excitedly. Mr Dull－Husband made no reply.
“Don't you want to know her plans？” she cried with some impatience。
“Well, clearly you think it matters to your silly little head…so I’d better listen.”
“Well， my dear， the rumour (传言) is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses in northern England， though how_a_woman_can_know_anything_about_that_is_beyond_me. She will move in herself next month.”
“What is her name？” “Bingley.”
“Is she married or single?”
“What a question! And none of your business. But her coming will be a fine thing for our five boys.”
“How so? How can it possibly affect them?”
“My dear love： those lazy boys need something to wake them up。 There are bound to be jobs going。”
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“Is that her point in settling here? Surely as a woman she has simply taken a fancy to the place。\"
“Nonsense, my love， how little you’ve noticed the world has changed。 She's got a first－rate degree and some sort of business qualification, I'm told. She surely needs one of our boys！ Perhaps you might give her a call.\"
“Me? No. Perhaps you can take an interest。 You still have your looks, after all。 She may even offer you a job.\"
“Oh, that’s not likely。 These new chances belong to the younger generation. But now you mention it, I think I’ll go along all the same.”
And Mrs Bennet went along. That was 10 years ago. She is now managing director of a FTSE－listed company。
…It would remain the case， of course, that Mrs Bennet would be one of very few women on the company board, that her salary would be lower than her male colleagues， her bonus of a more “female” dimension and her lifespan (年限） among the city's business leaders shorter than theirs. Still， she'd no doubt have enjoyed Davos—and might even have hobnobbed （攀谈) with influential figures。
67．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Austen was born 200 years ago.
B．Austen rewrote Pride and Prejudice。 C．Austen’s success lies in her wisdom。 D．Austen’s updated work gains popularity。
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68．The underlined part in the passage suggests that Mrs Bennet ________．
A．had mixed feelings of admiration and surprise about Bingley B．felt kind of worried and doubtful about Bingley C．was extremely anxious to meet Bingley D．had a great curiosity about Bingley
69．In the eyes of Mrs Bennet, Bingley surely needed one of their boys to ________．
A。 get married to B. work for her
C. help her move in D. take over her store 70．What does the writer intend to tell us？
A．Women with brains can also be as successful as men。 B．Women have to pay a high price for success。 C．A judgment must be made free from prejudice. D．Sex discrimination still exists nowadays.
【要点综述】 文章选自改编版名著《傲慢与偏见》章节，独辟蹊径，夹叙夹议，通过讲述Mrs Bennet对Bingley从事商业活动的态度及她本人的经历，深刻揭示了性别歧视依然存在这一社会现实.文章将古典文学的欣赏性与现实的批判性有机地结合起来。
67．C 细节理解题。根据文章开头“Austen’s popularity is rooted in her intelligence。” 可知.intelligence“智力”相当于wisdom。
68．A 句意理解题.画线句子意为:我完全不懂得一个女人是怎样懂得做生意的.结合上文她告诉丈夫时说的话及说话的语气可
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知,Mrs Bennet对Bingley既崇敬又惊讶。
69．B 细节理解题。从原文句子“…those lazy boys need something to wake them up.” 及“She surely needs one of our boys！\" 可知答案。
70．D 推理判断题。 根据原文最后一段，作者说十年后的今天,Mrs Bennet 虽然已是一名老员工了，但她的工资及福利均比不上男同事，说明现在社会仍然存在性别歧视。
He came into the room to shut the windows while we were still in bed and I saw he looked ill。 He was shivering， his face was white, and he walked slowly as though it ached to move.
”What's the matter， Schatz？\" ”I’ve got a headache.\" ”You better go back to bed.\" ”No。 I'm all right.”
\"You go to bed。 I’ll see you when I’m dressed.\"
But when I came downstairs he was dressed， sitting by the fire, looking a very sick and miserable boy of nine years. When I put my hand on his forehead I knew he had a fever.
”You go up to bed，\" I said, ”You're sick。\" \"I'm all right,\" he said。
When the doctor came he took the boy’s temperature。 ”What’s is it？” I asked him。
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\"One hundred and two.\"
Downstairs, the doctor left three different medicines in different colored capsules with instructions for giving them。 One was to bring down the fever， another a purgative(泻药）， the third to overcome an acid condition. The germs of influenza（流感）can only exist in an acid condition, he explained. He seemed to know all about influenza and said there was nothing to worry about if the fever did not go above one hundred and four degrees. This was a light epidemic(传染病；传染性的） of flu and there was no danger if you avoided pneumonia（肺炎）。
Back in the room I wrote the boy’s temperature down and made a note of the time to give the various capsules。
\"Do you want me to read to you？\"
\"All right. If you want to， \" said the boy。 His face was very white and there were dark areas under his eyes. He lay still in the bed and seemed very detached(超然的；冷漠的)from what was going on.
I read aloud from Howard Pyle's Book of Pirates(海盗）;but I could see he was not following what I was reading.
”How do you feel, Schatz？\" I asked him。 ”Just the same， so far,\" he said.
I sat at the foot of the bed and read to myself while I waited for it to be time to give another capsule。 It would have been natural for him to go to sleep， but when I looked up he was looking at the foot of the bed， looking very strangely。
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”Why don't you try to sleep？ I'll wake you up for the medicine.\" ”I'd rather stay awake.\"
After a while he said to me, ”You don't have to stay in here with me， Papa, if it bothers you。”
”It doesn’t bother me。\"
\"No， I mean you don’t have to stay if it's going to bother you。\" I thought perhaps he was a little lightheaded and after giving him the prescribed capsules at eleven o’clock I went out with my gun and the young hunting dog…。I killed two quail(鹌鹑)， and missed five, and started back pleased to have found a covey of quail close to the house and happy there were so many left to find on another day。
At the house they said the boy had refused to let anyone come into the room。
\"You can’t come in,\" he said. ”You mustn’t get what I have。\" I went up to him and found him in exactly the position I had left him, white-faced， but with the tops of his cheeks flushed（发红)by the fever, staring still, as he had stared， at the foot of the bed。
I took his temperature. \"What is it?”
\"Something like a hundred,\" I said。 It was one hundred and two and four tenths。
\"It was a hundred and two，\" he said。 \"Who said so?”
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\"The doctor.\"
”Your temperature is all right，” I said. ”It's nothing to worry about.\"
\"I don’t worry,” he said, \"but I can't keep from thinking.” ”Don’t think，\" I said。 \"Just take it easy。”
”I'm taking it easy,\" he said and looked straight ahead, He was evidently holding tight onto himself about something。
\"Take this with water。\"
”Do you think it will do any good？\" \"Of course it will。\"
I sat down and opened the Pirate book and began to read, but I could see he was not following, so I stopped。
\"About what time do you think I'm going to die?\" he asked. ”What？\"
”About how long will it be before I die？\"
”You aren’t going to die。 What’s the matter with you？ \" ”Oh, yes， I am, I heard him say a hundred and two.\"
\"People don’t die with a fever of one hundred and two。 That's a silly way to talk.”
\"I know they do. At school in France the boys told me you can’t live with forty—four degrees. I've got a hundred and two。\"
He had been waiting to die all day， ever since nine o'clock in the morning。
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\"You poor Schatz,” I said。 ”Poor old Schatz. It's like miles and kilometers。 You aren’t going to die。 That’s different thermometer。 On that thermometer thirty—seven is normal. On this kind it’s ninety-eight.\"
\"Are you sure？”
\"Absolutely，” I said， \"It's like miles and kilometers. You know， like how many kilometers we make when we do seventy miles in the car？\"
”Oh，” he said.
But his gaze at the foot of the bed relaxed slowly. The hold over himself relaxed too, finally, and the next day it was very slack(松驰的) and he cried very easily at little things that were of no importance。
1、、。 The author writes about the doctor’s visit in order to _____. A. show the doctor's knowledge about influenza and its treatment B. show the boy’s illness was quite serious
C. create a situation of misunderstanding around which to build a story D. show the father was very much concerned about the boy's illness 2、、。 The pronoun “it” in “Papa， if it bothers you” (line 41) refers to _____。
A. the boy’s high temperature
B. the father giving the medicine to the boy C. the father staying with the boy D。 the boy’s death
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3、、。 It can be inferred from the story that it is _____ by the time the
father gets home from hunting.
A. early in the afternoon B. close to evening C。 at noon
D. late in the morning
(4、、. From the story we know that the boy kept tight control over himself because _____.
A。 he did not want to be a bother to others
B. he wanted to recover quickly so that he could go hunting with his father
C。 he was afraid that he would die if he lost control over himself D。 he thought he was going to die and he must show courage in the face of death
5、、. That the boy cried very easily at little things of no importance the
next day suggests that _____。
A。 he couldn't control his emotions when he finally relaxed B. his father would go out hunting without him if he didn’t cry C。 something went wrong with his brain after the fever
D. he often complained about unimportant things as a spoiled boy 6、、. The theme of the story is _____.
A。 death is something beyond a child’s comprehension
B。 to be calm and controlled in the face of death is a mark of courage
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C。 misunderstanding can occur even between father and son
D. misunderstanding can sometimes lead to an unexpected effect
参考答案
1。 C. 本文是海明威的《一天的等待》。叙述了一个九岁男孩由于
不知道有两种不同计算方式的温度计，在与父亲交谈的过程中产生了误解，误以为自己将不久于人世。竭力表现出冷静与勇敢的他静静地等待着死亡的降临，直到得知这仅仅是一个误解,才逐渐放松下来。作品体现了海明威所提倡的以人的尊严和勇气面对厄运迎接生活挑战的“硬汉”精神。此处即为下文的误解埋下伏笔。
2。 D。 儿子听到医生说102度，就认为自己即将死亡。与下文父
亲所说的“it”不是同一概念。
3。 B。 故事开头结合下文的after giving him the prescribed capsules at
eleven o'clock I went out …及He had been waiting to die all day, ever since nine o’clock in the morning。 可知。
4、 D. 参考55.
5、 A。 一个九岁的男孩前一天竭力表现出冷静与勇敢，静静地等
待着死亡的降临。但孩子必竟只是孩子,紧绷的心放松后变得很脆弱.
6、. B。 参考55。
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