三角洲 delta
古河道 fossil river course, fossil
1地形地貌 geographic and geomorphic
stream channel
工程地质条件 engineering geological
冲积扇 alluvial fan
conditions
洪积扇 diluvial fan
地形地貌条件 geographic and
坡积裙 geomorphic conditions
分水岭 地形 land form
盆地 地貌 geomorphology, relief
岩溶地貌 微地貌 microrelief
landform
地貌单元 landform unit, geomorphic
溶洞 unit
落水洞 坡度 grade
土洞 地形图 relief map
河谷 river valley 2地层岩性
河道 river course 地层 河床 river bed(channel) strata)
冲沟 gully, gulley, erosion gully, 岩性 stream(brook)
property
河漫滩 floodplain(valley flat) 岩体 阶地 terrace 岩层 冲积平原 alluvial plain
岩层 页脚内容
talus apron
divide
basin
karst land feature, karst
solution cave, karst cave
sinkhole
Karstic earth cave
geostrome (stratum, lithologic character, rock rock mass bed stratum layer, rock stratum
阐述 expound(explain), state
母岩 matrix, parent rock 相变 facies change
硬质岩 strong rock, film 软质岩 weak rock 硬质的 competent 软质的 incompetent 基岩 bedrock 岩组 petrofabric 覆盖层 overburden 交错层理 cross bedding 层面 bedding plane 片理 schistosity 层理 bedding 板理（叶理） foliation 波痕 ripple-mark 泥痕 mud crack 雨痕 raindrop imprints 造岩矿物 rock-forming minerals 粘土矿物 clay mineral 高岭土 kaolinite
蒙脱石 montmorillonite
伊利石 illite 云母 mica 白云母 muscovite 黑云母 biotite 石英 quartz 长石 feldspar 正长石 orthoclase 斜长石 plagioclase 辉石 pyroxene, picrite 角闪石 hornblende 方解石 calcite 构造 structure 结构 texture 组构 fabric(tissue) 矿物组成 mineral composition 结晶质 crystalline 非晶质 amorphous 产状 attitude 火成岩 igneous 岩浆岩 magmatic rock 火山岩（熔岩）lava
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
火山 volcano
侵入岩 intrusive(invade) rock 喷出岩 effusive rock 深成岩 plutonic rock 浅成岩 pypabysal rock 流纹岩 rhyolite 正长岩 syenite 粗面岩 trachyte 闪长岩 diorite 安山岩 andesite 酸性岩 中性岩 基性岩 超基性岩 岩基 岩脉（墙） 岩株 岩流 岩盖 岩盆 岩墙 岩床 岩脉 花岗岩 斑岩 玢岩 acid rock
inter-mediate rock basic rock ultrabasic rock rock base (batholith) dike rock stock rock flow
rock laccolith (laccolite)rock lopolith rock dike rock sill vein dyke granite porphyry porphyrite
辉长岩 gabbro 玄武岩 basalt 细晶岩 aplite 伟晶岩 pegmatite 煌斑岩 lamprophyre 辉绿岩 diabase 橄榄岩 dunite 黑曜岩 obsidian 浮岩 pumice
火山角砾岩 vulcanic breccia 火山集块岩 volcanic agglomerate 凝灰岩 tuff
沉积岩 sedimentary rock 碎屑岩 clastic rock 粘土岩 clay rock 粉砂质粘土岩 silty claystone
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
化学岩 chemical rock 生物岩 biolith 砾岩 conglomerate 角砾岩 breccia 砂岩 sandstone 中粒 medium-grained 沉积物 sediment (deposit) 漂石、顽石 boulder 卵石 cobble 砾石 gravel 石英砂岩 粉砂岩 钙质粉砂岩 泥岩 页岩 盐岩 石灰岩 白云岩 泥灰岩 泥钙岩 泥砂岩 砂质 泥质 硅质的 有机质 粗粒 quartz sandstone siltstone
calcareous siltstone mudstone shale saline limestone dolomite marl
argillo-calcareous argillo-arenaceous arenaceous argillaceous siliceous organic matter coarse grain
砂 sand 粉土 silt 粘土 clay 粘粒
clay grain
砂质粘土 sandy clay 粘质砂土 clayey sand 壤土、亚粘土 loam
砂壤土、亚砂土轻亚粘土 sandy loam 浮土、表土 regolith (topsoil) 黄土 loess 红土 laterite 泥灰 peat 软泥
ooze
淤泥 mire, oozed mud, sludge, warp clay
冲积物（层） alluvion
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
冲积的 alluvial
洪积物（层） proluvium, diluvium, diluvion 洪积的 diluvial
碎裂岩 cataclasite
3地质构造
地质构造 geologic structure
坡积物（层） 残积物（层）
deluvium
结构构造 structural texture
eluvium
大地构造 geotectonic
残积的 eluvial
构造运动 风积物（层） eolian deposits
造山运动 湖积物（层） lake deposits
升降运动 海积物（层）
marine deposits
水平运动 冰川沉积物（层）glacier (drift)deposits
完整性 崩积物（层） colluvial deposits, colluvium
起伏度 残积粘土 residual clay
尺寸效应 变质岩 metamorphic rock
围压效应 板岩 slate
产状要素 千枚岩 phyllite
产状 片岩 schist
走向 片麻岩 gneiss
倾向 石英岩 quartzite
倾角 大理岩 marble
褶皱 糜棱岩 mylonite
褶曲 混合岩 migmatite
单斜 页脚内容
tectogenesis
orogeny
vertical movement
horizontal movement
perfection(integrity)
waviness size effect
confining pressure effectelements of attitude
attitude, orientation
strike
dip
dip angle, angle of dip
fold
fold
monocline
阐述 expound(explain), state
向斜 syncline 背斜 anticline 穹隆 dome 挤压 squeeze 上盘 upper section
破碎带 fracture zone 节理 joint 节理组 joint set 裂隙 fissure, crack
微裂隙 fine fissure, microscopic 下盘 lower wall
断距 相交 断层 正断层 逆断层 平移断层 层理 微层理 地堑 地垒 断层泥 gouge
擦痕 断裂 bottom wall, footwall, fissure
劈理 separation 原生裂隙 intersect 次生裂隙 fault 张裂隙 normal fault 剪裂隙 reversed fault 卸荷裂隙 parallel fault
裂隙率 bedding, stratification 结构类型 light stratification 岩体结构 graben
岩块 horst, fault ridge
结构体 gouge, pug, selvage, fault 块度 结构面 stria, striation 软弱结构面 fracture
临空面 页脚内容
cleavage original joint epigenetic joint tension joint shear joint relief crack fracture porosity structural pattern rock mass structure block mass
structural element blockness structural plane weak plane free face
阐述 expound(explain), state
碎裂结构 cataclastic texture 板状结构 platy structure 薄板状 lamellose 块状的 lumpy, massive 层状的 laminated
泥化 argillization 尖灭 taper-out 错动 diastrophism
错动层面 faulted bedding plane 断续的 intermittent 巨厚层 giant thick-laminated 破碎 薄层状的 finely laminated 共轭节理 软弱夹层 weak intercalated layer 散状 夹层 inter bedding, 透镜状的 intercalated bed,
interlayer,
岩石碎片 intermediate layer
岩屑 夹泥层 clayey intercalation 薄膜 夹泥 inter-clay 层理 连通性 connectivity 高角度 切层 insequent 缓倾角 影响带 affecting zone 反倾 完整性 integrity n. 互层 Integrate v. & a. degree of integrality 起伏的 破碎 crumble 波状起伏的 胶结 cement
粒径 页脚内容
crumble
conjugated joint loose
lens-shaped a. crag
cuttings, debris membrane, film stratification high dip angle low dip angle anti-dip interbed v. Interbedding n. unplanar
undulate, undulating particle size
阐述 expound(explain), state
构造层 tectonosphere 挤压 compression 均一的 homogeneous
剪切错动面 shear faulted, bedding zone
conditions
水文循环 hydrologic cycle 大气圈 atmosphere 水圈 hydrosphere 岩石圈 geosphere 切割 dissection 地表径流 切割的 dissected 地下径流 致密 close, compact 流域 构造岩 tectonite 流域面积 糜棱岩 mylonite area
断层角砾岩 fault breccia 汇水面积 方解石脉 calcite vein 地下水 碎块岩 clastic rock water
角砾 breccia 地表水 岩粉 rock powder 大气水 岩屑 debris, debry 气态水 固结 consolidation 液态水 定向排列 oriented spread 固态水 构造应力 tectonic stress 上层滞水 残余应力 residual stress 潜水 4
水文地质条件 hydrogeological
承压水 页脚内容
surface runoff subsurface runoff valley, drainage basin drainage area, river basin catchment area
ground water, subsurface surface water atmospheric water aqueous (vapour) water liquid water solid water perched water phreatic water confined water
阐述 expound(explain), state
吸着水 hygroscopic (adsorptive) water
介质 medium 空隙 void
孔隙水压力 pore water pressure 渗透压力 osmotic pressure, seepage force
扬压力 uplift pressure 静水压力 hydrostatic pressure 外静水压力 external hydrostatic pressure
动水压力 hydrodynamic pressure 渗透力 seepage pressure 外水压力 external water pressure 内水压力 internal water pressure 水力联系 hydraulic interrelation 水力折减系数 hydraulic reduction coefficient
水头损失 water head loss
渗透途径 filtration path, seepage path
渗透系数 penetration coefficient 潜水位 water table level 水位 water level, stage level 水头 water head 含水层 aquifer
弱含水层（弱透水层） aquitard 滞水层 aquiclude
透水层 permeable layer, pervious layer
不透水层（隔水层） aquifuge, impervious layer,
impermeable aquiclude
潜水含水层 phreatic aquifer
承压含水层 confined aquifer, artesian aquifer
承压面 bearing surface
潜水面 phreatic surface, water table
浸润线 phreatic curve 不透水边界 impervious boundary
layer,
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
地下分水岭 groundwater ridge 粘滞性 viscosity 富水性 abundance 透水性（渗透性）permeability 淋滤（溶滤作用）lixiviation, leaching 反滤层 inverted gravel filter 水锈 incrustation 渗滴 seep
饱和 saturation, saturated 潜水位变化带 zone of variable phreatic level
气象因素 meteorological factor 饱水带 zone of saturation
包气带 aeration zone, zone of
water
吸着水 hydroscopic water 薄膜水 pellicular water 毛细水 capillary water 重力水 gravitational water 凝结水 condensation water 地下水埋藏条件condition of groundwater occurrence
地下水埋藏深度 depth of groundwater occurrence
压水试验 packer permeability test 抽水试验 pumping test
5物理力学性质 物理力学
physical mechanics n.
aeration
包气带水 aeration zone water
Physico-mechanical a.
屈服准则 yield criteria
上层滞水 perched water
米赛斯屈服准则 Von Mises yield criteria
孔隙水 pore water
朗肯土压力理论 Ranking’s earth pressure
裂隙水 fissure water 岩溶水 karstic water
剑桥模型
结合水 bound water, combined
Cam-model
Cambridge
model,
theory
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
邓肯-张模型 Duncan-chang model 本构方程
constitutive equation local shear failure general shear failure
应力松弛 应力路迳
stress relaxation stress path
局部剪切破坏 整体剪切破坏
卸荷 unload 渗透率 饱和度 含水量
specific permeability degree of saturation moisture content
mean diameter
grain, granule, particle
of
岩体完整性指数intactness index of rock mass 安全系数 埋深 试件 挠度
factor of safety embedment depth coupons deflection Richter scale design intensity basic intensity site intensity seismic
intensity,
平均粒径 颗粒
颗粒级配 grain-size,
distribution
里氏震级 设计烈度 基本烈度 场地烈度 地震烈度
grain composition, size
distribution 级配
graduation,
distribution,
grain-size gradation, grading 粒度
intensity scale 卓越周期 持力层 超载
predominant period
coarseness grain size,
granularity, lump
不均匀系数 coefficient of non-uniformity,
variation coefficient, variation
sustained yield
surcharge
surrounding rock stress superimposed stress
围岩压力 附加压力
factor
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
颗粒分级 gradation, size grading 蠕变 creep 塑性 脆性 粘性 刚性
plastic
brittleness(fragility) stickness rigidity
孔隙水 pore water 孔隙比 空隙率
void ratio (ration) air voids
孔隙率 porosity 裂隙率 溶隙率
密度 重度
浮重度
折减系数 压力消散 抗力系数 软化系数 含水量 稠度 塑限 液限
塑性指数 液性指数
流变 crackity karstity
density unit weight, bulk weight buoyant unit weight
reduction factor dissipation of pressure coefficient of resistance softening coefficient water content consistency plastic limit liquid limit plasticity index
liquidity index
rheological 弹性的 elastic 粘弹性 viso-elasticity 弹塑性 elasto-plasticity 压缩性 compressibility 均质性 homogeneity 非均质性
nonhomogeneity
(heterogeneity) 各向同性 isotropy 各向异性
anisotropy
总应力 total stress 有效应力 effective stress 超孔隙水压力 excess pore pressure 孔隙水压力 pore water pressure 抗压强度 compressive strength 抗拉强度
tensile strength
抗剪强度 shear strength
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
不排水抗剪强度undrained shear strenght 峰值抗剪强度 长期抗剪强度 strength 残余抗剪强度 负摩擦力 dragdown
摩擦角 angle of friction 内摩擦角 外摩擦角 friction 内聚力
cohesion
angle of internal friction angle
of
external
residual shear strength negative skin friction, peak share strength long-term
shear
模量 modulus
弹性模量 modulus of elasticity， Young’s modulus
压缩模量 modulus of compressibility 变形模量 modulus of deformation 卸荷模量 切线模量 剪切模量 割线模量 旁压模量
unloading modulus tangent modulus shear modulus secant modulus pressurmeter modulus
modulus,
elastic
泊松比 poisson’s ration 固结 consolidation
固结系数 coefficient of consolidation 固结度
degree of consolidation
粘聚力 cohesion 假凝聚力
pseudo-cohesion
粘着力 adhesion 摩尔圆 Mohr’s circle 包络线 envelope 休止角 angle of repose,
angle of friction(repose, rest), repose angle 峰值 peak
超固结比 over consolidation ration 应变 strain
压缩比 compressibility ratio 压缩系数 coefficient of compressibility
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
压缩指数 compression index 初始曲线 virgin curve
正常固结土 normally consolidated soil 欠固结土 超固结土
under-consolidated soil over-consolidated soil
纵波 longitudinal wave
液化势 液化指数 交角
liquefaction potential
liquefaction index angular coefficient
of
rock
岩石抗力系数 resistance
被动土压力 passive earth pressure 主动土压力 active earth pressure 静止土压力 earth pressure at rest 覆盖压力 初始应力 地应力场 stress field 有效应力 动应力 动荷载 偏心荷载 循环荷载
effective stress
overburden pressure initial stress ground(geostatic)
容许承载力 allowable bearing capacity 临塑压力 接触压力
6工程地质问题
工程地质问题 engineering geological problem
定性评价 qualitative estimate
critical pressure contact pressure
dynamic stress
定量评价 quantitative estimate
dynamic load
极限平衡法 limit equilibrium method
eccentric loads
不良地质现象 unfavorable geological
inclined loads
condition
风化 weathering
地应力 ground stress, geostatic stress
初始应力 initial stress
位移 displacement
应力场 stress field
不均匀位移 differential movement
页脚内容
变形 deformation
阐述 expound(explain), state
相对位移 relative displacement 渗流 seepage 液化 liquefaction
7工程勘察 engineering investigation 工程地质勘察
engineering
geology
沉陷 settlement
山崩 avalanche, toppling 崩塌 toppling, toppling collapse 滑坡、地滑 creep, slide
切层滑坡 insequent landslide
investigation 岩土工程勘察
geotechnical
深层滑坡 deep slide 浅层滑坡 shallow slide
investigation 工程地质条件
engineering geological
顺层滑坡 consequent landslide 滑动面
sliding surface, sliding plane, slip surface
滑动带 sliding zone 滑床 slide bed
滑坡体 slide(sliding) mass 古滑坡 fossil landslide 推移式滑坡 slumping slide 牵引式滑坡 retrogressive slide
condition 工程地质评价 evaluation 勘测
survey
recovery,
core
engineering geological
岩芯采取率 core extraction 岩芯获得率
RQD（岩石质量指标） rock quality designation 程序（步骤）
procedure
investigational stage
管涌 piping, internal erosion
勘察阶段
渗漏 leakage
选点踏勘 reconnaissance
流砂 quicksand
初步设计 primary design
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
初步规划 preliminary scheme 初步勘探 preliminary prospecting 初步踏勘 ground reconnaissance 可行性研究阶段 feasibility stage 初步设计阶段 施工阶段 踏勘
preliminary stage construction sage reconnaissance,
岩土工程勘察报告 geotechnical investigation report 鉴定
identification, appraisal
鉴定书 鉴定人 校核 总监 比例
expertise report identifier, surveyor
verification chief inspector proportion
inspection 地质测绘
geological survey engineering geological
地形图 地貌图 地质图
geographic map geomorphological map geological map
工程地质测绘 mapping 钻探 boring 物探 洞探 钎探 坑探 槽探
borehole operation, 工程地质图 engineering geological map 实测地质剖面图
geophysical exploration exploratory adits rod sounding
field-acquired profile(section)
geological
构造地质图 geological structure map 第四纪地质图
exploring mining trenching
map 地质详图
detail map of geology quarternary geological
天然建材调查
natural materials surveying (examination)
地质柱状图 geologic columnar section, geologic log
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
钻孔柱状图 logs of bore hole 纵剖面图 横剖面图 展示图
longitudinal section cross section
钻孔 borehole, drill hole
机钻孔 套钻孔 管钻孔 岩芯
ordinary drill hole sleeve drill hole pipe drill hole core reveal detail map
节理玫瑰图 rose of joints 基岩等高线 层底等高线 岩层界线 岩面高程 surface 坐标 分层
地质点 勘探点 勘探线 勘探孔 平洞 竖井
shaft 探槽 探井
bed rock contour
岩芯钻探
core drilling
contour of stratum bottom 回转钻探（进）rotary drilling strata boundary
冲击钻探
churn
drilling,
elevation of bed rock
percussion drilling 钢砂钻探 shot drilling coordinate 铁砂钻进 iron shot drilling
bed separation 跟管钻进 follow-down drilling geological observation point 振动钻进
vibro-boring,
exploratory point (spot) vibro-drilling exploratory line 泥浆钻探
mud flush drilling
exploration hole 金刚石钻进 diamond drilling adit 单动式 single acting
riser,
shaft,
vertical
双层
double layer 空气钻探
air flush drilling exploratory trench 钻机 drilling rig
exploratory pit
钻头
drill bit, drilling bit
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
螺旋钻头 勺钻
auger spoon bit
percussion bit, chopping
击实试验 compaction test 压缩试验 固结试验
compression test consolidation test
冲击钻头 bit 桶式钻头 钻杆 套管
单轴试验 uniaxial compression test
bucket auger drill rod casing
现场剪切试验 in-situ shear test 单剪试验 simple shear test 直剪试验 direct shear test 慢剪试验 单剪试验 快剪试验
slow test simple shear test quick test
岩芯管 冲洗掖
core barrel flush fluid
direct circulation
正循环冲洗
反循环冲洗 reverse circulation 泥浆 泥皮 护壁 止水 扫孔
mud, slurry mud cake dado
seal, water seal cleaning bottom of hole
三轴剪切试验 triaxial shear test 三轴压缩试验 triaxial compression test 动三轴试验 dynamic triaxial test 不固结不排水剪试验 unconsolidated test(quick test) 固结不排水剪试验
undrained
钻进 drilling 平硐 adit 竖井 shaft
钻探 drilling boring
8工程地质试验
consolidated
test(consolidated quick test)
undrained
固结排水试验 consolidated drained test(slow test) 原位测试
页脚内容
in-situ test
阐述 expound(explain), state
现场监测 monitoring 现场检测 inspection 观测孔
on-site(in-site) 套孔法 over-coring method
9岩土体加固
on-site (in-site)
掌子面
breast, driving face,
heading face, tunnel face
observation borehole
顶拱
vault invert excavation overbreak pneumatic drill excavated section slump
concrete made with fine
静力触探试验 cone penetration test,
底拱
static penetration test, static cone test
标贯试验 standard penetration test
风钻
十字板剪切试验 vane shear test, vane
开挖断面
test 检层法 method 旁压试验
pressuremeter test
细骨料
动力触探试验
penetration
test,
adjustment 料场 土料 矿渣
stock ground earth material
dynamic dynamic sounding
点荷载试验 point load test 岩石试验
rock test
fine
aggregate,
fine
up-hole method, borehole
细骨料混凝土 aggregate 塌落
洞室开挖 超挖
cinder, mineral water residue,
应力解除法 stress relief method 应力恢复法 stress recovery method
scoria, slag 性能
function,
performance,
property, nature
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阐述 expound(explain), state
凝结 coagulate, congeal, congealment, coagulation 锚紧端 锚桩
anchor station
anchored peg
合格
standard 初凝
初凝时间 终凝
配合比 塌落度
水化热 heat 水灰比 粉煤灰 梅花状 喷射 浇注
钢筋网 加固 锚杆 锚索
qualified, on test, up to
采石场 rock quarry 开挖
excavation
initial set
清基 cleanup foundation initial setting time 明挖 open-cut
final set
爆破
explosion mix proportion 光面爆破
smooth blasting
slump
预裂法 presplitting
heat of hydration,
10 水工概论 hydration heat, setting 坝址
toe of dam
坝踵 heel water-cement ratio
坝段
monolith
fly ash
坝顶
crest
quincuncial pattern
坝肩
shoulders shotcrete
左坝肩
left dam abutment
pouring
副坝
saddle dam coiremesh
三坝址
the third dam site reinforce
标高
height mark anchored bar, rock bolt
上游水位
headwater
anchored cable
正常库水位 normal reservoir level
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阐述 expound(explain), state
地下洞室 underground opening 岩爆 rock burst (tunnel) 压力隧洞 无压隧洞 交通洞 灌浆洞 明流洞 孔板洞 排砂洞 尾水洞 排水洞 导流洞
隧道 围岩 rock
围岩应力 应力集中 覆盖层 冒顶 底鼓 回弹 冻结法 freezing method pressure tunnel 超载 over break
gravity tunnel
衬砌 lining access tunnel 围堰 cofferdam grouting tunnel 堤 dike free-flow tunnel 近坝岸坡 abutments
orifice tunnel 施工（收缩）缝 construction joint sediment tunnel 心墙 core tailrace tunnel 截水墙 cutoff wall drainage tunnel 防渗墙 diaphragm wall diversion tunnel
排水井
drainage wells
tunnel
排水幕 drainage curtain surrounding rock, ambient 减压井 relief wells 反滤层 filter zone secondary stress static 灌浆材料
grout
stress concentrate 水力劈裂 hydraulic fracturing over burden 帷幔线 curtain line cave in, roof fall 上游围堰
upstream cofferdam bottom heave 混凝土防渗墙 concrete cutoff wall rebound
截流
interim completion
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阐述 expound(explain), state
导水墙 channel training wall
spillway
anchorage 塔墩
tower
正常溢洪道渠首工程 service headwork 墩 pier 消力塘 lined plunge pool 散索鞍 隔墙
divider walls
猫道 混凝土护坦 concrete apron 主缆 副厂房 auxiliary power house 索股 闸门室 gate chamber 主鞍
中闸室 mid gate chamber saddle 开关站 switch yard 主跨 电梯井 elevator shaft 边跨 尾水渠
tail race
引桥
非常溢洪道 emergency spillway 钢箱梁
11桥梁及基础工程 埋深 北塔墩基础江阴大桥
Jiangyin Bridge
基础 悬索桥 suspension bridge
浅基础 锚碇
anchorage
深基础 重力式嵌岩锚 gravity socketed anchorage
联合基础 北锚碇前（后）锚面
筏形基础 front(back) surface of northern
钢模
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splay saddle footbridge main cable cable strand
main
saddle,
tower
main span side span
approach
steel box main girder
embedment depth north tower base foundation, footing
shallow foundation
deep foundation
combined footing raft(mat) foundation
steel form
阐述 expound(explain), state
桩 pile 振动钻进 vibratory drilling 沉箱 caisson 沉井（沉箱）
(open) caisson
基桩 foundation pile 群桩
pile groups
桩基础 pile foundation 地下连续墙 diaphragm wall, slurry wall
桩承台 pile cap
高桩承台 低桩承台 摩擦桩 端承桩 嵌岩桩 板桩 旋喷桩 灌注桩 沉管灌注桩 支护桩 刚性桩 柔性桩
侧向受荷桩 轴向受荷桩 预制桩
振动打桩 high-rise pile cap 支撑 bracing buried pile cap 超载 surcharge friction pile 接触应力 contact pressure end bearing pile 井点降水 well-point dewatering socketed pile 桩极限承载力 ultimate bearing capacity sheet pile of pile
jet-grouted pile 承载力 bearing capacity cast-in-place pile 阻力 resistance driven cast-in-place pile 桩端阻力 end resistance soldier piles, tangent piles 表面摩擦力 skin friction rigid pile 粘着系数 adhesion factor flexible pile
负摩擦力 negative skin friction laterally loaded pile 安全系数 factor of safety axially loaded pile 压缩层 compressed layer
precast concrete pile
附加应力 additional stress, vibratory pile driving
superimposed stress
页脚内容
阐述 expound(explain), state
持力层 bearing layer, sustaining layer
地基土 foundation soil, subsoil 临塑压力 critical pressure 剪切破坏 shear failure 地基失效 foundation failure 冲剪破坏 punching failure 渐进破坏 progressive failure 容许荷载 allowable load
极限承载力 ultimate bearing capacity 沉降 settlement
沉降差 differential settlement
加固 stabilization 注浆 injection 灌浆 guniting 帷幕 curtain 挡土墙 retaining wall 锚固 anchoring 喷浆 guniting 锚杆 earth anchor 盲沟 French drain 振冲法 vibro jet
12监测仪器
观测孔 observation bore/hole
尾部倾斜 angular distortion
仪器观测 instrumentation
倾斜 tilting
读数装置 readout device
坑底隆起 bottom heave
传感器 transducer
静止土压力 earth pressure at rest
探头 probe
稳定数 stability number
压力盒 pressure cell
路堤 embankment
振弦式应变计 vibrating wire strain
地基处理 ground treatment soil improvement
垫层 cushion
板式沉降仪 foundation base/pate
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gauge
伸长计、变位计 extension meter
阐述 expound(explain), state
测斜仪 inclinometer 测压计，渗压计 piezometer 垂线 plumb 垂直度 plumbness
13安全监控
可靠性检查 reliability checking 监控模型 monitoring and prediction model
监测 monitoring 资料 datum, data 可靠性 reliability 稳定性 stability 安全 safety
评估 evaluation, appraise 评定 assessment, assess, rate 评价准则 criterion
灾害 hazard, calamity 确定性方法论 methodology
应急行动计划 EAP(emergency action plan)
Deterministic
事故 accident 紧急状态 emergency
紧急检查 emergency inspection 灾情等级 hazard classification 灾害评价 hazard evaluation 风险评估 risk assessment
静力（Static Analysis） 动力（Dynamic Analysis） 蠕变（Creep Material Model） 渗流（Fluid-mechanical Interaction） 热力学（Thermal Option）
headward erosion溯源侵蚀 scouring of levee or bank淘刷
strongly weathered siliceous rock mass with quasi-lamellar
weakly weathered siliceous rock mass with quasi-lamellar
of continually aftershocks of 7 or 8-degree intensity
Evidently 明显的
Correspondingly adv. 相应地; 相关地; 相同地
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阐述 expound(explain), state
the hanging wall of triggering seismic fault
oblique~bedding bank slope
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