Unit 5 Nelson Mandela — a modern hero
一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)
1．mean adj. 2．generous adj. 3．easy-going adj. 4．self n. 5．selfish adj. 6．selfless adj. 7．selflessly adv.
8．invader n． 9．republic n. 10．principle n. 11．livelihood n. 12．mankind n. 13．lawyer n. 14．legal adj. 15．fee n.
16．league n． 17．Youth League 18．quote n. 19．release vt. 20．blanket n. 21．terror n. 22．anti-[前缀] 23．anti-black adj. Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)
1．quality n．
[第一屏听写]
吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 慷慨的；大方的 随和的；温和宽容的 自我；自身 自私的 无私的；忘我的
无私地；忘我地 [第二屏听写]
侵略者
共和国；共和政体 法则；原则；原理 生计；谋生 人类 律师 法律的；依照法律的 费(会费、学费等)；酬金 [第三屏听写]
同盟；联盟；联合会 青年团 引用语；语录 释放；发行 毛毯；毯子 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动 _反；抗；阻 反黑人的 [第四屏听写]
质量；品质；性质
2．warm-hearted adj. 3．active adj. 4．devote vt. 5．devoted adj. 6．found vt. 7．peaceful adj. 8．hopeful adj.
热心肠的 积极的；活跃的 (与to连用)献身；专心于 忠实的；深爱的 建立；建设
和平的；平静的；安宁的
怀有希望的；有希望的 9．youth n． 10．guidance n. 11．stage n. 12．vote vt.&vi.
n.
13．attack vt. 14．equal adj. 15．willing adj.
16．unfair adj. 17．escape vi.&vt. 18．educate vt. 19．educated adj. 20．beg vi. 21．relative n. 22．reward n.
vt.
23．sentence vt. 24．president n. 25．opinion n. 26．violence n. 27．cruelty n. 28．out_of_work 29．as_a_matter_of_fact
[第五屏听写]
青年；青年时期 指导；领导 舞台；阶段；时期 投票；选举 投票；选票；表决 进攻；攻击；抨击 相等的；平等的
乐意的；自愿的 [第六屏听写]
不公正的；不公平的 逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露 教育；训练
受过教育的；有教养的 请求；乞求 亲戚；亲属 报酬；奖金
酬劳；奖赏 [第七屏听写]
判决；宣判
总统；会长；校长；行长 意见；看法；主张 暴力；暴行 残忍；残酷 失业
事实上
[第八屏听写]
30．blow_up 31．in_trouble 32．turn_to 33．lose_heart 34．come_to_power 35．set_up
使充气；爆炸
在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 求助于；致力于 丧失勇气或信心 当权；上台 设立；建立
36．be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑) 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 (一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高
Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英) 1.hopeful adj. 怀有希望的；有希望的 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉) 1.mean adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 2.quote n. 引用语；语录 3.league n. 同盟；联盟；联合会 4.release vt. 释放；发行 5.livelihood n. 生计；谋生 2.youth n. 青年；青年时期 3.willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的 4.unfair adj. 不公正的；不公平的 5.beg vi. 请求；乞求 6.relative n． 亲戚；亲属 7.warm-hearted adj. 热心肠的 8.stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期 9.attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击 10.president n. 总统；会长；校长；行长 1.Tsinghua University, founded (建立) in 1911, is one of the best universities in China. 2.Our company is more concerned with quality (质量) than quantity. 核心单词练通 3.They managed to escape (逃脱) from the burning building by breaking down the door. 4.The government rewarded (奖赏) him for saving the old man in the well. 5.Black people could not vote (选举) or choose their leaders in the past. 6.We may have different opinions (看法) in organizing class activities. 7.He was involved in a bank robbery and was sentenced (判处) to six years in prison. 识 记 单 词 写 对
[记全记牢] [用准用活] education,_her parents sent her to a famous school to be educated.(educate) 2.China is known to be a peaceful country. It's been a model of peace in the world. (peace) 3.Bethune, a devoted friend of Chinese, devoted his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his devotion to medical work.(devote) 4.All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal) 5.He criticized violently that the government did little to stop the violence in the country.(violent) 1.active adj.积极的；活跃的→actively adv.积极地；1.In order to give her a good 活跃地→activity n．活动 2.devote vt.献身；专心于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚 3.peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully 拓 展 单 词 用 活 adv.和平地→peace n．和平；平静；和睦 4.guidance n．指导；领导→guide vt.带领，引导 n．向导 5.violence n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.猛烈地 6.equal adj.相等的；平等的→equality n．平等；相等→equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地 7.educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教育家 8.cruelty n．残忍；残酷→cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的 ⇩积 得 多平时多输入，用时顺手出 1.“n.＋-ful→adj.”荟萃 2.后缀ance高频名词全接触 3.“奖；奖赏”家族 ①reward vt. 酬劳；奖赏 n. 报酬；奖金 ②award vt. 授予；奖给 n. 奖品；奖金 ③prize n. 奖金；奖品 ④bonus n. 奖金；红利 ①peace→peaceful ① guidance 指导；领和平的 ②pain→painful 痛苦的 ③harm→harmful 有害的 ④power→powerful 强大的 ⑤meaning→meaningful 有意义的 ⑥cheer→cheerful 欢乐的 导 ②importance 重要；重要性 ③ignorance 无知；愚昧 ④significance 意义；重要性 ⑤appearance 出现 ⑥tolerance 宽容；容忍
(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高
先 写 对 1.out_of_work 失业 2.in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧第一组 虑等的处境中 3.turn_to 求助于；致力于 4.lose_heart_ 丧失勇气或信心 5.come_to_power 当权；上台 6.as_a_matter_of_fact_ 事实上 再 用 准 The situation has become worse and worse since the new government ①came_to_power. I am ②out_of_work and feel at a loss what to do. I will ③turn_to my friend, Mary for advice tomorrow, who always encourages me not to ④lose_heart. She told me I should be hopeful about the future when I am ⑤in_trouble. 1.blow_up 使充气；爆炸 2.set_up 设立；建立 第二组 3.be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑) 4.be_willing_to_do 愿意做…… 5.be_in_prison 坐牢 6.in_one's_opinion/view 在某人看来 7.fight_for 为……而战 Nelson Mandela devoted all his life to realizing the dream that people with different colors should be equal. He ①set_up a law office to offer guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. One day, one of his supporters helped him ②blow_up the government buildings to ③fight_for their rights. Unfortunately, he ④was_sentenced_to prison for life on Robben Island until 1990. ⇩积 得 多平时多输入，用时顺手出 1.“in＋n.”短语面面观 ①in trouble 在困境中 ②in danger 处于危险中 2.“动词＋to”短语荟萃 ①turn to 求助于；致力于 ②object to 反对 ③in return 作为回报 ④in detail 详细地 ③refer to 谈到；涉及；参阅 ④point to ⑤in order 井然有序 ⑥in place 在适当的位置 指向 ⑤belong to 属于 ⑥stick to 坚持；忠⑦in vain 徒劳地 ⑧in peace 平静于 地 ⑦see to 处理；料理 ⑧come to 共计；
苏醒
(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高
背 原 句 1.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of 明 句 式 学 仿 写 近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来laws stopping our rights and 主语是时间或地点名词，临。 progress ... 谓语是see, find等动词，The_last_few_years_have_seen 过去30年来所出现的大量法表示经历或目睹了某事。 environmental disasters on a grand 律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了scale, and experts are predicting far 我们的进步…… worse to come. 2.... only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。 只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达) Only by practising paper-cutting more can_you_learn_the_folk_art. 第一次比赛失败，我们都感到很沮丧，因为我们都全身心地为此做了3.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。 the first time “第一次……”，引导时间状语从句。 充分准备。(2013·湖南高考书面表达) The_first_time_we_lost_the_match,_we all felt very depressed, because we had all been devoted to making full preparations for it.
考点新组合 阅读微技能 The first time I heard of Stephen Hawking, I was moved by his devotion to the research. As for his daily life, he is in great trouble. For example, only when he turns to the computer is it possible for him to speak, read and write❶. However, he 1.把句①改为正常语序：For_example,_it_is_possible_for_him_to_speak,_read_and_write_only_when_he_turns_to_the_computer. 2.②处应填词的正确形式为 himself。 3.③处应填介词 to。 devotes________(he)❷ to the study of science and his contributions to the world have no equal. In my opinion, nothing could be in reward for his contributions ________❸ science. 1．devote vt.献身；专心于 (1)devote ... to ... devote oneself to (2)devoted adj. be devoted to (doing) sth. (3)devotion n. [多角练透] 单句语法填空
把……奉献于…… 献身于……；致力于…… 忠实的；深爱的 专心于(做)某事； 奉献于(做)某事 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 ①Once married, Jo devoted her whole life to looking after children and being a full time homemaker.
②Devoting (devote) herself/Devoted (devote) to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.
③To be honest, Li Lei is my devoted (devote) friend. ④His devotion (devote) to this work moves the people deeply. 补全句子
⑤You will never gain success unless you are_fully_devoted_to your work. 除非你完全专注于你的工作，不然你永远不会获得成功。
[联想发散] 以下短语中to是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时应用动名词形式。 ①look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事 ②object to doing sth. ③get down to doing sth. ④pay attention to doing sth.
反对做某事 开始做某事 注意做某事
⑤be/get used/accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
2．equal adj.相等的；平等的；同等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物 (1)be equal to sth./doing sth. equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth. (2)equality n. equally adv. [多角练透] 单句语法填空
①His paintings are without equal in the Western world. ②Nobody can equal him in intelligence.
③Men and women must be treated equally (equal) in education and employment. 单句写作
④其次，要积极向上和开心，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。(2014·江西高考书面表达)
For another, be positive and cheerful, for your mental health is_equal_to_your_physical_ health. [联想发散] 表示“胜任……”的其他常见表达： ①be up to ②be fit for ③be qualified for 3．reward n．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏 (1)as a reward (for ...) in reward for (2)reward sb. with ... for sth. (3)rewarding adj. [多角练透] 单句语法填空
①We gave him a gift as a reward for his kindness. ②He received a medal in reward for his bravery.
③They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruits and flowers when the match ended.
为某事而用……酬谢某人 值得做的；有益的；有意义的 作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏 为酬谢……；作为……的奖励 等于/胜任(做)某事without equal 无与伦比 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物 平等 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地
单句写作
④你提到你可以教我英语作为回报，这恰恰正是我想要的。(2015·四川高考书面表达) You mentioned that you_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_which is exactly what I want.
4．in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ask for trouble get into trouble have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth. take the trouble to do sth. [多角练透] 单句语法填空
①If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to lend a hand.
②Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently. ③You can't imagine the trouble I had persuading (persuade) him to change his mind. ④Thanks for the trouble you have taken to_help (help) us. 补全句子
⑤What worries me a lot is that I am_really_having_trouble_in_collecting_information_ and_using_language. 让我十分担心的是，我在收集信息和使用语言方面确实有困难。 5．turn to求助于；翻到(书的某页)；致力于；查阅；转向 [一词多义] 写出下列句中turn to的含义
①He is ready to help others, seldom, if ever, refusing them when they turn to him.求助于 ②After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.转向 ③You shouldn't always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.查阅 ④Please turn to page 40.翻到 [归纳拓展] turn down turn away turn up turn out turn over 关小；拒绝 拒绝……入内；把……打发走 出现；露面；调大 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产 打翻；翻身；移交 做某事方面有困难/麻烦 不怕费事或困难尽力做某事 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃 陷入困境；惹麻烦 ⑤Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video turned_out perfect.(2017·北京高考书面表达)
一些妥协是不可避免的，但视频证明是极好的。 6．the first time引导时间状语从句 I felt bad the_first_time I talked to a group. 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。 有类似用法的词语还有： (1)each/every time next time the last time 每次……时 下次……时 上次……时 the moment/the minute/the instant一……就…… (2)immediately/instantly/directly①The_first_time_he_met_the_girl he was struck by her wisdom and fell in love with her deeply.
他第一次遇到这个女孩就被她的睿智所打动，并深深地爱上了她。
②Every/Each_time_I_see_the_old_man in the park, he is absorbed in reading newspapers. 每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报纸。
[名师指津] the first time 表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。for the first time 表示“第一次”，独立作状语， 不引导从句。
③He became interested in the young teacher's lesson the_first_time he attended his class.He was so excited in class for_the_first_time. 他第一次上课时就对这位年轻老师的课感兴趣。他第一次上课这么兴奋。 7．“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句式 ...only_then_did_we decide to answer violence with violence. ……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。 ①Only by understanding and learning from each other can_we_spend those days together happily. (2014·天津高考书面表达)
只有通过相互理解、彼此学习我们才能一起开心地度过那些美好的日子。
②There's no denying that only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will_we_achieve_our_dreams. (2015·湖南高考满分作文)
不可否认，只有我们以正确的方式处理和克服大量的困难我们才会实现我们的梦想。 [名师指津] (1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；(2)only 放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。
③Only a few of the children haven't yet got a chance of being educated. 仍有少数儿童未得到受教育的机会。
考点新组合 We have reached a stage________❶ we must take effective measures to protect the environment from going bad to worse. Now, anyone who❷ does harm to our environment won't escape being punished. And the past few months have witnessed changes in the environment. The air quality, ________❸ is shown in the report, has improved gradually. 8.escape v．& n．逃脱；逃生；泄露；被遗忘；逃走；避开 (1)escape (doing) sth. escape from (2)a narrow escape [多角练透] 单句语法填空
①He escaped being_killed (kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work. ②Seeing the poisonous gas escaping from the broken pipe, he sounded the alarm. 写出加黑单词在语境中的含义
③Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the moment.被遗忘
9．拟人修辞手法 The_last_thirty_years_have_seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。 (1)see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。
(2)与see用法相同的动词有find, witness, say, experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。
①The_year_1949_saw_the_founding of the People's Republic of China. 1949年见证了中华人民共和国的建立。
②The two stone lions standing in front of Tian'anmen saw/witnessed_many_great_historic_
逃避(做)某事 从……逃脱；逃避 九死一生；死里逃生 1.①处应填关系词 where。 2.用高级词汇替换anyone who：whoever。 3.③处应填 as。 阅读微技能
events. 天安门前的这两只石狮目睹了许多重大的历史事件。
[单元语基落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Under our teacher's careful guidance (guide), we finished our homework in advance. 2．The man should be condemned for his cruelty (cruel) to his wife. 3．It does serious harm to children's character that too much violence (violent) is shown on television.
4．He was_attacked (attack) by a dog when he was walking along the street. 5．If we can't finish the work on time, we will get into trouble. 6．Although he made a serious mistake in his work, he was lucky to escape being_fired (fire) by his boss.
7．With the speeches finished, we voted to_choose (choose) the monitor. 8．People in all countries want a peaceful (peace) world rather than one filled with wars. 9．Though he has met with many difficulties over the past two years, he is still hopeful (hope)． 10．High school education (educate) is very important for students, because it can help them to choose their future.
11．Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was_rewarded (reward) with a magnificent view.
12．The company, founded (found) last year, has gained a good reputation in society. 13．When your students do what you want them to do, praise them generously (generous)． 14．This position is equally (equal) suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has work experience.
15．Mr. Smith is a lonely creature, for he has neither friends nor relatives (relative)． Ⅱ.根据提示词和相关结构补全句子
1．这是一个没有收音机、没有电话，也没有电视的时期。(This was a time when) This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_no telephones or no TV sets. 2．只有在那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系，从不与他们联系是愚蠢的。(only引
起的倒装句)
Only_then_did_I_realize_that it was foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them.
3.我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。(the first time)
I was very nervous the_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall. 4.当他的亲戚朋友向他求助时，他总是乐意帮助他们。(turn to; willing)
When his relatives and friends turn_to_him_for_help,_he is_always_willing_to_give them a hand.
5．这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。(see)
The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_village in the past two hundred years. 6．直到那个时候，我才意识到帮助有困难的人感觉多么美妙。(in trouble) Only then did I realize what a good feeling it_was_to_have_helped_someone_in_trouble. 7．不要失去信心。你为什么不给自己再一次尝试？(lose heart) Don't_lose_heart. Why not give yourself another try? 8．他失业已经三年了，到现在还没找到工作。(out of work) He_has_been_out_of_work_for_three_years and hasn't yet found a job.
9．玛丽把全部时间和精力都投入到了工作中，因此，她得到老板的赞扬。(devote ... to) Mary_has_devoted_all_her_time_and_energy_to_her_work,_so she was praised by her boss. 10．这是鲁迅先生曾住过的地方。(定语从句)
This is the place where_Mr._Lu_Xun_once_lived/in_which_Mr._Lu_Xun_once_lived. Ⅲ.一句多译/句型转换
1．我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。
①I gave him a book bought from Shanghai in_reward_for_his_help.(reward n．)
②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_I gave him a book which was bought from Shanghai. (reward n．)
③I rewarded_him_with_a_book which I bought from Shanghai for his help. (reward v．) 2．I realized knowledge is valuable only when I had another failure in my job-seeking. →Only when I had another failure in my job-seeking did_I_realize_knowledge_is_valuable. →It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_job-seeking_that I realized knowledge is valuable.(强调句型)
3．The government came to power two years ago. →The government has_been_in_power for two years.
4．He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around. →Devoting_himself_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around.(devote vt.)
→Devoted_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around.(devoted adj.)
[高考拆组训练]
阅读理解组块专练——练速度
(限时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Bessie Coleman
Born in Texas, Coleman moved to Chicago to find a job, but she became interested in the stories she heard from pilots returning from World War Ⅰ.However, her race (种族) and her gender (性别) kept her out of flight schools in the U．S., so she made her way to France where she could learn flying.When she returned to Chicago, Coleman had difficulty finding jobs, so she chose to be a stunt (特技) pilot.She was the first black female pilot in the U．S.and was an inspiration to early pilots and to African Americans and Native Americans.
Bessica Raiche
Bessica Raiche drove a car, shot guns and practiced medicine.Besides, she was an accomplished artist and musician.But on Oct.13, 1910, Raiche became the first American woman to make a flight in an aircraft by herself.Raiche's aviation career (航空职业) was short, as she moved to Southern California to focus on her career in medicine, later becoming president of the Orange County Medical Association.
Willa Brown
Willa Brown was the first African American woman to earn both a pilot's license (1938) and a commercial license (1939)．As a former schoolteacher and social worker, Brown set up the Coffey School of Aeronautics at Chicago's Harlem Airport, which later became the first government-approved aviation training school for African Americans.
Peggy Whitson
At 57, Peggy Whitson was the world's oldest spacewoman.She has spent 500 days off Earth — more than any other woman, and in 2008, she became the first female commander of the International Space Station (ISS)．She made her eighth space walk on March 30, 2017 and she beat the current record for women of 50 hours and 40 minutes of total spacewalking time.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。介绍了四位女性飞行员。 1．Why did Bessie Coleman move to France? A．To acquire stunt skills. B．To find a well-paid job. C．To take part in World War Ⅰ. D．To achieve her flying dream.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第一段的“her race (种族) and her gender (性别) kept her out of flight schools in the U．S., so she made her way to France where she could learn flying”可知，Bessie Coleman到法国是想实现自己成为飞行员的梦想。
2．Who made a contribution to aviation education? A．Bessie Coleman. C．Willa Brown.
B．Bessica Raiche. D．Peggy Whitson.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段的最后一句可知，Willa Brown创办了第一所政府支持的非裔美国人飞行训练学校。
3．Which of the following do the four share? A．They are outstanding women pilots. B．They suffered discrimination at work. C．They never received good education. D．They have shown great creativity.
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句、第二段的“Raiche became the first American woman to make a flight in an aircraft by herself”以及第三段和第四段的内容可推知，这四位都是杰出的女飞行员。
B
When Sarah Hansen first came to Bonnie Schlachte's ballet studio, she jokingly called herself a “weeble-wobble”， telling her ballet teacher that she would fall when she tried to walk.“She couldn't walk across the room without holding onto something，” recalled Schlachte.“She would immediately fall.”
Hansen was only in middle school, but a progressive neurological (神经性的) disease prevented her from walking, let alone doing ballet.But Hansen had a strong spirit and desperately wanted to learn ballet.Hansen took weekly group classes at Schlachte's ballet studio called Ballet for all Kids, a studio that teaches children with and without disabilities.Soon after she began classes and private lessons, her family saw a vast improvement in her ability to move.
She worked tirelessly in the studio, focusing on what her instructor wanted from her.“At the time, her foot wouldn't fully rest on the floor，” explained Schlachte.“That's why she couldn't stand on her own if there was no support.” Schlachte pushed her student, explaining to Hansen that her brain has neuroplasticity (神经可塑性), so eventually it will receive the message.
Holding a degree in psychology, Bonnie Schlachte was the perfect person to push Hansen to do her best.Schlachte put herself through college with dance and theater scholarships.After graduation, she came across a chance to help children with disabilities.She fell in love with and chose to focus on jobs in that field.
Years later, Schlachte found herself watching and celebrating Hansen, who at one point could
barely walk, but now could move across the floor on her own two feet.“One day, her ankle dropped, and she put her whole foot on the ground，” said Schlachte.“I was crying and her mom was crying.It was a great moment.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，从小患有神经系统疾病的Sarah Hansen不能走路，然而她却喜欢跳芭蕾。在老师的耐心教导和自己的努力下，她终于能够独立行走了。 4．Why did Sarah Hansen call herself a “weeble-wobble”？ A．She had difficulty in walking. B．She was a poor ballet dancer. C．She had no idea about her brain. D．She made slow progress at school.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第一段的“telling her ballet teacher that she would fall when she tried to walk”可知，当她走路时，她就会摔倒，这是她称呼自己为weeble-wobble的原因。
5．What kind of person was Sarah Hansen? A．Energetic and confident. B．Optimistic and generous. C．Independent and out-going. D．Determined and hard-working.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第二段的“But Hansen had a strong spirit and desperately wanted to learn ballet”和第三段的第一句可推知，她是一个意志坚定而且勤奋的人。
6．What made Schlachte and Hansen's mother cry? A．Hansen's degree in psychology. B．Hansen's improvement in moving. C．Hansen's willingness to learn ballet. D．Hansen's winning dance scholarships.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由最后一段的“could move across the floor on her own two feet”和“she put her whole foot on the ground”可知，Hansen能够自己走路了，她在走路方面取得的进步让她的老师和母亲喜极而泣。
C
Stephen Hawking Warns Humans
Must Leave Earth Soon
Professor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.
Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, “I am not denying the
importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious and wrong decision on climate change this world has seen.”
Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. The BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years' time and send people to Mars by 2025”．
According to the BBC, Professor Hawking said, “Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued, “I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated, “A new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics (天体物理学) and cosmology (宇宙学)．”
Hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, “The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” He continued, “Our natural resources are being drained at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation (滥伐森林), and decimation (大批杀死) of animal species. We can be an ignorant and unthinking (考虑不周的) lot.”
The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, “If we succeed we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear that we are entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (开端) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.
语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。 7．According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space? A．To send people to Mars. B．To build a lunar base.
C．To send astronauts to the Moon. D．To change the future of humanity.
解析：选C 细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C项。
8．The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”． A．speeded up C．used up
B．stored D．explored
解析：选C 词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources”和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C项。
9．What is Hawking's attitude towards the Earth's future? A．Pessimistic. C．Positive.
B．Confused. D．Indifferent.
解析：选A 观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A项。
10．The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that ________. A．the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger B．humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet C．a new and ambitious space program would excite young people D．astronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Some people choose to live in a flat sharing with others.Others can't imagine leaving their perfect flats to live with lots of other people.
If you live alone, you're responsible for your own space.If you need your quiet space, you're guaranteed to have it.__1__ And you can catch up with work without being interrupted or have a long and undisturbed bath.
However, there's no one around if you need a helping hand.If something gets broken, you'll have to fix it yourself.__2__ You don't have friends at home to invite you out and help you meet people.There's no one at home to have a cup of tea with and talk about how your day was.
__3__ Sometimes when you get home, the cake your colleague gave you as a thank-you present is mysteriously gone.Whenever you want a relaxing bath, there's no hot water left and someone wants to come in every five minutes.It's also rarely quiet.Someone always seems to have a birthday party when you want to go to bed early.
But in spite of all that, there can be some wonderful moments, like waking up to the sound of the hoover (吸尘器)．__4__ And when you come home after a long day, you find your housemates making pizza with leftover vegetables while you watch a film.__5__ So, what's your choice? A．You can be alone quite a lot. B．That's when it all seems worth it.
C．You don't have to share the sofa with anyone. D．Living alone has become more popular in recent years.
E．It's not all good when you live with other people, though. F．You will realize how important your friends and family are. G．You will realize someone else is doing the cleaning for a change.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了独自生活以及与别人合住的优缺点。 1．选C 本空承接上文，是对上一句“If you need your quiet space, you're guaranteed to have it.”的举例：如果你需要安静的空间，你肯定会拥有它。你不需要和别人分享沙发。
2．选A 本空后两句是对这一处内容的具体说明：你不会收到舍友的外出邀请，也没有人和你在家里边喝茶边聊天；由此可推知，本空是指你会经常感到孤独。
3．选E 根据下文内容可知，本段谈论了和别人住在一起也并不总是那么美好。 4．选G 本空承接上一句中提到的那些美妙时刻中的一种情况：在吸尘器的声音中醒来，你会意识到有人正在打扫房间。
5．选B 本空是对最后一段内容的概括：这些美妙的时刻会使你感到做出和别人住在一起这个选择是值得的。
[模块仿真高考练(一)]
一、模块语基练(满分30分)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．Devoting (devote) himself entirely to his research, John was still single in his forties. 2．We shouldn't use violence (violent) to deal with someone even if we are very angry. 3．The government insisted that plans (should)_be_made (make) to help people out of work. 4．Though he has run deep into trouble, he remains quite peaceful (peace) in his heart. 5．All the listeners were greatly shocked (shock) when they heard the terrible news on radio. 6．While visiting (visit) the Great Wall, I met my good friend I hadn't seen for a few years. 7．This is a time when the children do exercise, so no one is in the classroom now. 8．Judging (judge) from what he said just now, he must be an honest man. 9．Mary told me that it was a long time before she was used to the new environment. 10．This is the first time that Jenny has_come (come) to Hangzhou to visit the West Lake. Ⅱ.补全句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．正是因为我每天坚持说英语，我才能取得这么快的进步。(强调句型)
It_is_because_I_keep_on_speaking_English_every_day_that I have made such rapid progress.
2．尽管我们不富裕，我们还是愿意帮助那些非常需要帮助的人们。(even if)
We would like to help those who need help badly even_if_we_are_not_very_rich_ourselves. 3．一旦我妈妈决定做某事，没人能劝她放弃。 (once)
Once_my_mother_is_determined_to_do_something,_nobody can persuade her to give it up.
4．把雨伞带上，天看起来要下雨。 (it looks as if) Take an umbrella with you. It_looks_as_if_it_is_going_to_rain. 5．只有用这种方法你才能在学习上取得进步。(用only倒装结构) Only_in_this_way_can_you make progress in your studies. Ⅲ.句型转换(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．Tom's father lay in sofa and watched the TV play with great pleasure.
→Tom's father lay in sofa, watching_the_TV_play_with_great_pleasure.(分词作状语) 2．She didn't get up until the sun was already high in the sky.
→It_was_not_until_the_sun_was_already_high_in_the_sky_that_she_got_up.(强调结构) 3．My sister preferred staying at home to going out playing basketball with me.
→My sister would_stay_at_home_rather_than_go_out playing basketball with me.( would ... rather than)
4．We can learn from our mistakes only in this way.
→Only_in_this_way_can_we_learn_from_our_mistakes.(倒装结构) 5．I advised him to spend more time on his studies, but failed.
→I tried_to_persuade_him_to_spend more time on his studies, but failed. (try to persuade) 二、阅读理解(满分25分)
A
Europe was once a mixture of Latin-derived (起源于拉丁语的) dialects that gradually, over the centuries, changed into a few separate languages — French, Portuguese, Spanish, Italian.What happened in France, Portugal and Spain was an organic evolution: the dialect of the most prominent city gradually became the accepted language of the whole region.The strongest city determined the language of the whole country.
Italy was different.It didn't get itself united until 1861 and until then was a land of warring city-states ruled by proud local princes or other European powers.So it's not surprising that, for centuries, Italians wrote and spoke in local dialects that were not possible for each other to understand.
In the sixteenth century, some Italians got together and decided that this was absurd and Italy needed an Italian language, at least a shared written language to remove communication obstacles.So this gathering hand-picked the most beautiful of all the local dialects and crowned it Italian.What they decided was the personal language of the great poet Dante Alighieri.It was in this “sweet new style” of dialects that his masterpiece Divine Comedy (神曲), which was published in 1321, was written.It shocked the literature world that it was not written in Latin.
Dante's masterpiece helped shape Italian, affecting it as personally as Shakespeare would someday affect English.For a group of nationalists much later in history to have sat down and decided that Dante's Italian would now be the official language of Italy would be very much as if
a group of Oxford teachers had sat down one day in the early nineteenth century and decided that — from this point forward — everybody in England was going to speak pure Shakespeare.And it actually worked.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了意大利语的起源。
21．The underlined word “prominent” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”． A．comfortable C．important
B．beautiful D．ancient
解析：选C 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“The strongest city determined the language of the whole country.”可知，最重要的城市的方言逐渐变成被整个地区认可的语言，画线词表示“重要的”，所以选C项。
22．What can we learn about Italy from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3? A．A national Italian language was in need as people hated wars. B．There was no written language in Italy before the 16th century.
C．Some Italians had the great poet Dante create the national Italian language. D．Literature works were supposed to be written in Latin before the 14th century.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段内容以及第三段中的“It shocked the literature world that it was not written in Latin.”可推知，当时如果作品不是用拉丁语写的话，人们会感到非常震惊。由此可推知14世纪前的作品普遍都是用拉丁语写的，故选D项。
23．The passage is mainly about “________”． A．the origin of the Italian language B．the development of European languages C．Dante's great efforts in shaping Italian D．Shakespeare's influence on English language
解析：选A 主旨大意题。根据全文内容特别是后三段可知，本文是围绕意大利语的起源来阐述的，故选A项。
24．How is the passage developed? A．By analysing effects. B．By making comparisons. C．By offering descriptions. D．By telling a story.
解析：选B 文章结构题。通读全文可知，文章中作者多次通过对比的方式，如意大利语与拉丁语的比较，但丁的《神曲》与莎士比亚作品的比较，来构建全文框架，所以选B项。
B
I didn't know what I wanted to do after high school.But my mother did.She decided that I was going to attend a medical college and become a doctor.I didn't have the courage to tell her that I lacked the self-confidence to make life-and-death decisions for others.I also lacked the courage to resist her plan.So from my very first day at Whitman College, I, the only black woman in the entering class, felt like an outsider.
In my second year, I worked as a volunteer in one program which aimed to help prisoners adapt to life on the outside.I never felt more at home than with those men.They had lost control of their life, but they had one another's backs through addictions, helplessness, and rage.
I was surprised by my deep appreciation of those men.I began to realize that they were where they were because they had acted on their feelings.I was where I was because I had not.
On the Christmas Eve of my fourth year, I drove alone to the prison.As “my people” settled in, they asked, “Why are you here? Don't you want to spend the big day with your family？” I said, “I love my family, but I'd rather be with you tonight because I love you guys too.I want to do all I can to help you succeed.” The room went deadly still.No one spoke.
Finally, one man began to cry, saying, “In my whole life, no one has ever told me that they loved me or cared about me.” One by one, every man started to weep.
I don't know if the program helped those men, but I know it helped me.I still lack courage, but when I am afraid or feeling challenged by the world, I think back to that special group of men, and I tell myself, “Hey,_guys,_we_can_get_through_this_together.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者高中毕业后，不情愿地按母亲的意愿选择了就读医学院，但始终感觉自己像个局外人。在一次志愿活动中，她帮助、关心一些犯人，在那里她找到了信心。 25．Why did the author feel like an outsider in the entering class? A．She hated making decisions for others. B．She couldn't get along with her classmates. C．She wasn't willing to go to a medical college. D．She suffered unfair treatment as a black student.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者高中毕业后不知该怎样选择，读医学院是母亲替她做的决定，作者并不情愿读医学院，而且她是班上唯一一位黑人女性，因此总觉得自己像个局外人。故选C。
26．The author's attitude to the prisoners may best be described as ________. A．optimistic C．regretful
B．admiring D．sympathetic
解析：选B 观点态度题。根据第三段第一句“I was surprised by my deep appreciation of those men.”可知，作者十分欣赏那些犯人。故选B。
27．When the author said, “Hey, guys, we can get through this together.”(Paragraph 6), the author ________.
A．was encouraging herself B．was worrying about her future C．was missing the prisoners D．was considering another program
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第六段第二句“I still lack courage, but when I am afraid or feeling challenged by the world, I think back to that special group of men, and I tell myself, ‘Hey, guys, we can get through this together.’”可推知，作者说这句话是为了鼓励自己。故选A。
C
Best friends may be priceless but the cost of keeping the relationship alive is ￡23,870. According to a study, a BFF (Best Friend Forever) does not come cheap with devoted pals blowing ￡4,679 on birthday presents alone over a lifetime.And while it costs nothing to be a shoulder to cry on, big-hearted Britons go the extra mile and spend ￡168 on pick-me-ups (提神物品) to get their mate through a rocky patch (艰难时刻) like the breakup of a relationship.
There's a further ￡242 spent on presents to show how much they mean from gifts bought on holiday to treats for no reason.And distance does not break up a close friendship as BFFs spend a whopping (巨大的) ￡18,000 on travel to see each other despite being miles apart because of university, jobs and marriage.
The study by cashback site TopCashBack found on average BFFs who wed can expect ￡431 spent on them and a further ￡283 on gifts when they have children.And they can rely on their pals to help out when they move house as they will obtain ￡127 worth of housewarming presents and takeaways as well as putting in a shift with the packing and unpacking.
The survey based on a friendship lasting 40 years found more than eight in ten adults with a BFF felt their friendships were worth every penny.
TopCashBack spokesperson Natasha Smith said, “Those friendships which stand the test of time are often the most important in our lives.However, they come at a cost.From train tickets once a month to flights and a new dress for a wedding on the Italian coast, the price paid for having a best mate can soon add up.But when we asked people to compare their friendship with the monetary investment, only 14% thought their friendship was equal to their investment with the vast majority thinking it was worth more.”
语篇解读：最好的朋友也许是无价的，但维持一段友谊却是高价的。那么你知道维持一段友谊需要多少钱吗？一项研究给出了答案。 28．What does the underlined word “big-hearted” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Ambitious. C．Troublesome.
B．Generous. D．Energetic.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。画线部分后的“go the extra mile and spend ￡168 on pick-me-ups (提神物品) to get their mate through a rocky patch (艰难时刻) like the breakup of a relationship”就是对它的进一步说明。此处指虽然在朋友哭泣时成为朋友的依靠并不需要花费什么，但是英国人会为朋友付出更多，他们会花168英镑来为朋友买能令其振作的物品，助其度过诸如关系破裂等困难时期。画线部分的意思应该是“慷慨的”，故选B。
29．To keep the relationship, where do BFFs spend most money? A．Buying birthday presents. B．Cheering up a friend in low spirits. C．Paying for holiday gifts and other treats. D．Going a particular distance to visit friends.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“blowing ￡4,679 on birthday presents”“spend ￡168 on pick-me-ups (提神物品)”以及第三段中的“￡242 spent on presents ...from gifts bought on holiday to treats ...”“spend a whopping (巨大的) ￡18,000 on travel to see each other”可知，为了维持一段友谊，花在旅途中的费用是最多的，所以选D。
30．What is Natasha's understanding of BFF friendship? A．It's costly and unaffordable. B．It's expensive but worthwhile. C．It's rewarding but hard to keep. D．It's changeable but worth possessing.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Those friendships which stand the test of time are often the most important in our lives.However, they come at a cost.”可知，Natasha认为，经受得起时间考验的友谊通常是我们人生中最重要的东西，但那是要付出成本的。也就是说与一生的挚友的友谊很贵但很值得。所以选B。
三、阅读七选五(满分10分)
How to be knowledgeable
Being knowledgeable means you have knowledge.People who are knowledgeable use facts, information or skills on a regular basis.Most people can become knowledgeable by following the tips below.
Learn on a daily basis.__31__ You can learn tips on how to cook from someone making dinner, or you can master a computer game that you play in your spare time.Make a point to learn something new as often as possible and then apply what you learned as soon as possible.
__32__ Most knowledgeable people work to gain knowledge in a specific area like English, history or computers.Find something that interests you and then research the topic.If possible, take
classes or attend seminars.
__33__ This may mean you have to get outside your comfort zone.Each experience can teach you something and provide you with information that connects to things you've already learned.A new experience can help you look at an old experience in a new way and lead to a new discovery.
Use different sources.__34__ Experimenting can lead to new insight (领悟) as observation can.
Ask questions.Make sure that you fully understand what you are learning.__35__ Allow yourself time to understand and take in the new information.Continue to ask questions until you fully grasp the concept.
A．Pick an area of study. B．Look for different experiences.
C．Find a right place to gain new knowledge. D．When you ask questions, listen to the answers. E．Every fact or skill you learn adds to your knowledge.
F．Share your knowledge by teaching others, writing papers or giving speeches.
G．You can become knowledgeable by learning from people, reading books or surfing the Web.
语篇解读：本文为说明文。文章说明了如何做可以成为一个学识渊博的人。 31．选E 由下文的举例可知，你所学的每一件事和技能都会增长你的知识。 32．选A 由下文的说明可知，本段的主旨是：选择一个学习研究的领域。
33．选B 由本段重现的关键信息词experience可知，本段主要说明了要寻找不同的经历以增长知识。
34．选G 本选项是对主旨句的展开说明，G项的“learning from people, reading books or surfing the Web”与主旨句中的“different sources”呼应。
35．选D D项的“ask questions”在上下文中都有重现，选项用来说明通过问问题获得答案来增长知识。
四、完形填空(满分30分)
It was Christmas Eve 1881.I was 15 years old and feeling like the world was __36__ for me because there hadn't been enough money to buy me the rifle (长枪) that I'd wanted that year.
Pa came back in and there was ice in his beard.“Come on, Matt，” Pa said.“Dress warmly.It's cold outside.We're going to Widow Jensen's.They are __37__ wood.” Widow Jensen lived about two miles down the road.Her husband had died a year or so before and __38__ her with three children, the oldest being eight.
I __39__ went out with Pa and we __40__ the sled (雪橇) high with wood.__41__ we went to the store and Pa took down a big ham, some bacon, a sack of flour and some shoes, which were
put into a smaller sack.We rode two miles to Widow Jensen's in __42__.I tried to think through what Pa was doing.I knew we didn't have much money and Widow Jensen had __43__ neighbors than us.It shouldn't have been our __44__. Widow Jensen opened the door and let us in.She had a blanket wrapped around her __45__.The children were wrapped in __46__ and were sitting in front of the fireplace by a very small fire that __47__ gave off any heat at all.“We brought you a few things, Ma'am，” Pa said and set down the sack of flour.I put the meat on the table.Then Pa handed her the sack that had the shoes in it.
She __48__ and took the shoes out one pair at a time.I watched her carefully.She bit her lower lip to keep it from __49__ and then tears filled her eyes and started running down her cheeks.She looked up at Pa like she wanted to say something, __50__ it wouldn't come out.“We brought a load of wood too, Ma'am，” Pa said.Then he turned to me and said, “Matt, go bring some in.”
I wasn't the __51__ person when I went back out to bring in the wood.I choked and as much as I hated to __52__ it, there were tears in my eyes too.In my mind I kept __53__ those three kids huddled (蜷缩) around the fireplace and their mother standing there with tears running down her cheeks with so much __54__ in her heart that she couldn't speak.Just then the rifle seemed very __55__.Pa had given me the best Christmas of my life. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过父亲帮助他人的事情上感悟到人与人之间的感情比物质更重要。 36. A．over C．lost
B．complete D．boring
解析：选A 依据下文可知，作者得不到自己想要的长枪，因此感到很失望，用“the world was over”表示作者失望的样子。
37．A.in between C．out of
B．for D．behind
解析：选C 下文内容表明，作者和父亲给Jensen送木柴，因此这里指“他们没有木柴了”，out of表示“缺乏，没有”。
38．A.offered C．delighted
B．brought D．left
解析：选D Jensen的丈夫大约一年前死了，留给她三个孩子。leave ...with表示“把……遗留给……”。
39．A.excitedly C．gratefully
B．hurriedly D．unwillingly
解析：选D 依据上文可知，作者想买一把长枪，而这个愿望没有实现，因此当他和父
亲去送木柴时，作者会表现得不情愿。unwillingly“不愿意地”。
40．A.equipped C．loaded
B．placed D．armed
解析：选C 依据上下文可知，他们要送木柴，故把木柴装到雪橇上。load在此是及物动词，表示“把……装上”。
41．A.Now C．Meanwhile
B．Then D．Sometime
解析：选B 装好木柴后，作者与父亲去了商店，Then在句中表示时间的连续，起着承上启下的作用。
42．A.silence C．devotion
B．regret D．condition
解析：选A 联系上文可知，作者心情不佳，因此一路上沉默不语。下文的“tried to think”也是提示。
43．A.smarter C．prettier
B．tougher D．closer
解析：选D 从上文可知，作者的家离Jensen有一段距离，再结合下文的“It shouldn't have been”可知，Jensen还有离得更近的邻居。
44．A.topic C．idea
B．concern D．case
解析：选B 因为有离得更近的邻居，所以作者认为帮助她不应该是他们担忧的事情。concern“担忧，担心”。
45. A．shoulders C．arms
B．head D．feet
解析：选A 根据常识可知，为了取暖，Jensen应是把毯子披在肩膀上。 46．A.one C．another
B．the rest D．the other
解析：选C 上文中的“She had a blanket wrapped”暗示着，孩子们蜷缩在另一个毯子中。 47．A.nearly C．actually
B．hardly D．slowly
解析：选B 上文谈到的大人、孩子在家中裹着毯子以及本句中的“a very small fire”说明壁炉中的火很弱，几乎发不出任何热。
48．A.jumped C．joked
B．laughed D．hesitated
解析：选D 她犹豫了片刻之后，一次从袋子中拿出一双鞋。
49．A.trembling C．bending
B．moving D．crying
解析：选A 依据空后的“tears filled her eyes”，再结合空前的“bit her lower lip”可知，她当时很激动，咬住下唇的目的是不让下唇发抖。
50．A.and C．or
B．so D．but
解析：选D 下文中的“it wouldn't come out”和上文中的“she wanted to say something”之间为转折关系，因此这里应用转折连词。
51．A.honest C．same
B．kind D．disappointing
解析：选C 下文中的“I choked”说明作者此时的想法改变了，因此他的心态不再像来这里之前的那样。
52．A.allow C．clarify
B．admit D．confirm
解析：选B 尽管作者不愿意承认这件事，但是作者的眼中充满了泪水。 53．A.seeing C．cheering
B．imagining D．comforting
解析：选A 作者的脑海中一直闪现三个孩子蜷缩在壁炉周围和他们的妈妈站在那里泪水流下脸颊的画面。
54．A.motivation C．sympathy
B．gratefulness D．courage
解析：选B 因为得到了作者和作者父亲的帮助，Jensen感动得热泪盈眶，因此她内心充满感激。
55．A.typical C．unimportant
B．valuable D．hopeless
解析：选C 上文表明作者已经转变了思想，此时觉得长枪不重要了。 五、语法填空(满分15分)
Peter: Hi, Judy! You're back in Los Angeles.__56__ was your trip to Beijing like? You must have had a great time with your friends.
Judy: I certainly did.We had a reunion, and I saw many of my friends from school.Guess who I came __57__ in Beijing! Peter: I don't know.Who? Judy: Julia Parker!
Peter: Julia? The beautiful American girl who used to live in our neighborhood?
Judy: Yes.That day I was walking in the street __58__ a woman passed me.Suddenly she
turned around __59__ called my name. Peter: Wow! That's really surprising! I __60__ (see) her since she married an American guy and moved to New York three years ago.
Judy: I didn't recognize her __61__ (immediate) because she looked so different. Peter: She did?
Judy: Yes.She has __62__ on a lot of weight, and she isn't as pretty as before. Peter: What a pity! What was she doing in Beijing?
Judy: She was on __63__ business trip there.She told me she would probably come to America next month, so she'll come to visit us.
Peter: That's great.I can't wait __64__ (meet) her.We will have dinner together and enjoy __65__ (we)．
语篇解读：本文是Judy和Peter之间的对话，聊到Judy在北京偶遇Julia的事情。 56．What 根据like可知，此处需要填What，表示“你的北京之旅如何？”。 57．across come across是固定词组，表示“(偶然)遇见”。
58．when 此处是“be doing sth.when ...”结构，表示“某人正在做某事时，突然……”，所以填when。
59．and 根据“turned around”和“called my name”可知，空处前后为并列动作，故填and。 60．haven't seen 根据“since she married”可知，主句动词应用现在完成时。结合语境可知，我很久没见过Julia了，故用否定形式。
61．immediately 修饰动词需要用副词。
62．put 此处为“put on weight”固定短语，表示“变胖，体重增加”，故填put。 63．a 此处表示“一趟出差之行”，trip为可数名词，且business的读音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
64．to meet can't wait to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“迫不及待地做某事”，故填不定式to meet。
65．ourselves 根据语境可知，此处是enjoy oneself结构，意为“玩得高兴”。 六、写作(满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假设你是李华，你们学校需要若干名国际志愿者参与支持新生夏令营活动。你特意写信给你的美国好友Mary，向她推荐此项活动。内容包括：
1．活动时间：8月20日－8月27日； 2．活动内容：介绍美国文化、教英文等； 3．活动意义：对学生及志愿者自身的意义。 注意：1.词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mary，
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文： Dear Mary，
I know you are always looking forward to visiting China.Here comes good news.
Our school is in want of some international volunteers for the coming new students' summer camp, which lasts from August 20th to 27th.Volunteers are supposed to teach them English and give them a taste of American culture, broadening the students' horizons and arousing their interest in the language.I'm sure you will be very much interested in this voluntary work, where you can experience Chinese culture and contribute to education! So why not seize the opportunity?
Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Justin was a climber.By one and a half, he had discovered the_plum_tree in the backyard, and its friendly branches became his favorite place.At first he would climb just a few feet and make himself comfortable where the trunk met the branches.Soon he was building himself a small fort (要塞) and dragging his_toy_tractors_and_trucks up to their new garage. One day when he was two, Justin was playing in_the_tree as usual.I turned my back, but didn't find him.“Justin, where are you？” I cried out.His tiny voice called back, “Up here, Mommy, picking all the plums for you！” I looked up in horror and disbelief.There was Justin on_the_roof_of_the_house,_filling his_plastic_basket with the ripe plums from his favorite tree. When Justin was three, I became pregnant (怀孕的)．My husband and I explained to him that we were going to have another baby as a playmate for him.He was very excited, kissed my_tummy (肚子) and said, “Hello, baby, I'm your big brother, Justin.”
From the beginning he was sure he was going to have a little sister, and every day he'd beg to know if she was ready to play yet.When I explained that the_baby wasn't arriving until the end of June, he seemed confused.One day he asked, “When is June, Mommy？” I realized I needed a_better_explanation;_how could a threeyearold know what “June” meant? Just then, as Justin climbed into the low branches of the plum tree, he gave me the answer I was looking for — his special tree.
“Justin, the baby is going to be born when the plums are ripe.You can keep me posted when that will be, okay？” I wasn't completely sure if I was on target, but the_gardener in me was confident I'd be close enough.Oh, he was excited! Now Justin had a way to know when his new baby sister would come to play.
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1： From that moment on
Paragraph 2：
June finally arrived, and the plums would be ripe soon.
参考范文： Paragraph 1：
From that moment on, Justin checked the_plum_tree several times a day and reported his findings to me.Of course, he was quite concerned in November when all the leaves fell off the tree.By January, with the cold and the rains, he was truly worried whether the_baby would be cold and wet like his tree.He whispered to my_tummy that the tree was strong and that she had to be strong too, and make it through the winter.
Paragraph 2：
June finally arrived, and the plums would be ripe soon.Our gardener Justin became very excited.He climbed his tree anyway with his_plastic_basket to pick some plums off the branches where the sun shone warmest.He brought them to me to let me know the baby would also be ripe
soon.He even took out his_toy_tractors_and_trucks for his baby sister.At last, he won.He had a beautiful sister!
精美句子
1、善思则能“从无字句处读书”。读沙漠，读出了它坦荡豪放的胸怀；读太阳，读出了它普照万物的无私；读春雨，读出了它润物无声的柔情。读大海，读出了它气势磅礴的豪情。读石灰，读出了它粉身碎骨不变色的清白。
2、幸福幸福是“临行密密缝，意恐迟迟归”的牵挂； 幸福是“春种一粒粟，秋收千颗子”的收获. 幸福是“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”的闲适；幸福是“奇闻共欣赏，疑义相与析”的愉悦。幸福是“随风潜入夜，润物细无声”的奉献；幸福是“夜来风雨声，花落知多少”的恬淡。幸福是“零落成泥碾作尘，只有香如故”的圣洁。幸福是“壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血”的豪壮。幸福是“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的胸怀。幸福是“人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青”的气节。
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