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翻译-增补法

2024-03-08 来源:好走旅游网


❖(一) 增补英语回答句中省略的词语

❖在回答英语一般疑问句时,通常采用省略句。汉译时,为了使表达清楚、意思完整,有

时需要增补省却的词语。

❖(1) Do you love me? Of course I do.

❖你爱我吗?我当然爱你。

❖(2) Shall I bring you a dictionary or an encyclopedia?

❖Both, please.

❖给你带一本词典还是带一本百科全书来?劳驾把两样都带来。

(二) 增补英语并列句中省略的词语

❖在英语并列句中,假如后面分句中有与前面分句相同的部分,经常予以省略,以避免重

复。汉译时往往需要增补所省略的成分。

❖We won’t retreat; we never have; never will.

❖We won’t retreat; we never have (retreated); (we) never will (retreat).

❖我们不后退,我们从未后退过,我们将来也决不会回退。

❖She majors in psychology and her brother in sociology.

❖She majors in psychology and her brother (majors) in sociology.

❖她主修心理学,她弟弟则主修社会学。

Practices

❖1. They have our interest at heart as we have theirs (=their interest) (at

heart).

❖他们关心我们的利益,我们也关心他们的利益。

❖2. Meantime the market kept growing, and the demand (kept) rising.

❖在市场不断扩大的同时,需求也在不断增长。

❖3. By birth he was an Englishman; by profession, (he was) a sailor; by instinct

and training, (he was) a rebel.

❖就出生来说,他是个英国人;就职业来说,他是个海员;就本性和所受的教育来说,他

则是个叛逆者。

(三) 增补英语复合句中省略的词语

❖英语复合句中的省略比起并列句中的省略情况更为复杂。这种省略大多出现在状语从句

中,汉译时,有时要根据汉语的表达习惯予以增补。

❖When pure, water is a colorless liquid. ❖When (water is) pure, water is colorless liquid. ❖水纯时,水是无色的液体。

(四)增补译文结构或搭配所需要的词

❖You cannot build a ship, a house, or a machine tool if you do not know how

to make or read a design.

❖如果不懂得制图或看不懂图纸,就不能造船、盖房子或制造机床。

❖For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

❖对于每一种作用,都有大小相等和方向相反的反作用。

❖He was a quiet and thoughtful man.

❖他是一个举止文雅、待人体贴的人。

❖他举止文雅、待人体贴。

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