Section A
Comprehension of the text
I.
1. The attitude is that if one is not moving ahead, he is falling behind.
2. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. (People budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; they also charge for it.) They do this because time is a precious resource.
3. Everyone is in a rush – often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping.
4. Don’t take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else “wasting” it beyond a certain appropriate point.
5. New arrivals in America will miss opening exchanges, the ritual interaction that goes with a cup of coffee or tea and leisurely chats.
6. Americans produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices. They communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls, or email rather than through
personal contacts.
7. The impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand.
8. It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed in the US.
Vocabulary
III.
1. charge 2. convention 3. efficient 4. obtain 5. competent
6.assessing 7. fulfill 8. concluding 9. consequently 10. significant
IV.
1. behind 2. at 3. in 4. out 5. to
6. to 7. in 8. with 9. but 10. but
V.
1.L 2. C. 3. D 4. N 5. O 6. A 7. E 8. G 9. I 10. K
Word building
VI.
1. commitment 2. attraction 3. appointment 4. impression
5. civilization 6. composition 7. confusion 8. congratulation
9. consideration 10. explanation 11. acquisition 12. depression
VII.
Desirable favorable considerable acceptable drinkable
Advisable remarkable preferable
1. advisable 2. desirable 3. favorable 4. considerable
5. remarkable 6. preferable 7. drinkable 8. acceptable
Sentence structure
VIII.
1. much less can he write English article
2. much less can he manage a big company
3. much less could he carry it upstairs
4. much less have I spoken to him
5. much less to read a lot outside of it
IX.
1. having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars, whereas eating out at restaurant is always more expensive.
2. We thought she was rather proud, whereas in fact she was just very shy.
3. We have never done anything for them, whereas they have done so much for us.
4. Natalie prefers to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately.
5. Some praise him highly, whereas others put him down severely.
Translation
X.
1. She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner.
2. He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth.
3. How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week?
4. The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.
5. Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.
6. We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.
XI.
1. 我认为他不会抢劫，更不用说暴力抢劫了。
2. 男工平均工资每小时10美元，而女工才每小时7美元。
3. 自然界的平衡一旦遭到破坏，就会带来很多不可预知的影响。
4. 期终考试迫在眉睫，你最好多花点时间看书。
5. 有趣的是，消费者发现越来越难以辨别某些品牌的原产国。其部分原因来自于全球化带来的影响，部分原因是由于产地的变化。
6. 最近一次调查表明，妇女占劳动力的40%。
Cloze
XII.
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9.A 10. C
11. D 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
Text structure analysis
XIII.
Specific details: almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business, to chat with friends, to make or break social appointments, to say “Thank you”, to shop and to obtain all kinds of information.
The reason: telephone save the feet and endless amounts of time. This is due partly to the fact that telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient.
Section B
I.
Main idea of Para 1: studying in a different country is a new experience, but there are also some challenges.
Main idea of para 2: the first stage of culture-shock adjustment is “the honeymoon”.
Main idea of para 3: the second state of culture shock, “the hostility stage”, eventually occurs.
Main idea of para 4: at this point, some defense mechanisms are devised to protect yourself against the effects of culture shock.
Main idea of para 6: the third stage of culture shock adjustment, “recovery”, starts.
Comprehension of the text
II.
1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. B
Vocabulary III.
1. utilize 2. reject 3. considerable 4. temporary 5. acceptable
6. recognition 7. alleviate 8. appreciate 9. furthermore 10. interact
IV.
1. interact with 2. gone through 3. deal with 4. recovered from
5. adjusting 6. familiar to 7. in spite of 8. were tired of
9. prevented from 10. came to
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