Part Ⅲ Grammar & Writing
Grammar——现在分词作状语
一、现在分词作状语的用法
现在分词(短语)在句中作状语用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。
1．作时间状语
现在分词作时间状语时，常放在句首，相当于一个时间状语从句。 Hearing the noise，I turned round. ＝When I heard the noise，I turned round. 听到响声我转过身去。 2．作原因状语
现在分词作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句，也可以放在句首。
Being poor，he couldn't afford a TV set.
＝Because he was poor，he couldn't afford a TV set. 由于贫穷，他买不起一台电视机。 3．作条件状语
现在分词作条件状语时，相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。 Working hard，you'll certainly succeed. ＝If you work hard，you'll certainly succeed. 只要努力学习，你肯定会成功的。 4．作结果状语
现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。
The fire lasted a whole night，causing great damage. 大火持续了一整夜，造成了巨大损失。
1
人教版高中英语必修四
[名师点津] 现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。试比较：
He was caught in the rain，thus making himself catch cold. 被雨淋后他感冒了。
I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday. 我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。 5．作让步、方式和伴随状语
现在分词作让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时，表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。
Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book. ＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。 [即学即用]
用现在分词作状语改写下列句子
①When she turned around，she saw a car driving up. →____________________，she saw a car driving up. ②They stood there and waited for the bus.
→They stood there，____________________the bus. ③As he was ill，he couldn't attend the meeting.
→____________________，he couldn't attend the meeting. [答案] ①Turning around ②waiting for ③Being ill 二、现在分词作状语的注意事项
2
人教版高中英语必修四
1．现在分词的时态
现在分词作状语时，要注意分词的时间性，是用现在分词的一般式(doing)，还是用完成式(having done)。
(1)当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用分词的一般式。
Walking in the street，I met an old friend of mine.
我正在大街上行走时，遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓语动词met同时发生)
(2)当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用分词的完成式。
Having finished the letter，he went to post it.
他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(having finished是先发生的，went是后发生的)
[即学即用] 单句语法填空
①__________(see) nobody at home，he decided to leave them a note.
②__________(suffer) such heavy pollution，it may now be too late to clean up the river.
③__________(live) in Beijing for years，I almost know every place quite well.
[答案] ①Seeing ②Having suffered ③Having lived 2．现在分词的语态
使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。
Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.(现在分词的被动式)
被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。
Having finished his homework，he went to bed.(现在分词的主动式)
3
人教版高中英语必修四
完成了作业后，他上床睡觉。 [即学即用] 单句语法填空
①________________(talk) to，you should look into the eyes of the person.
②______________________(tell) for several times，he still couldn't understand the rules.
③__________(hear) the bad news，she didn't know what to do. [答案] ①Being talked ②Having been told ③Hearing 3．动词-ing形式的否定式：not＋v.-ing；not having＋v.-ed Not knowing this，he didn't come. 他不知道这件事，所以没来。
Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting. 因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。 4．独立主格
动词-ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
All the students having sat down，the lecture began. 所有学生坐好之后，讲座开始了。 The new year coming，we were happy. 新年来了，我们很高兴。
The regulation permitting，I will go with you. 制度允许的话，我就和你去。 [即学即用]
用现在分词的独立主格结构改写下列句子 ①If weather permits，we shall go there on foot. →____________________，we shall go there on foot. ②After Mary came back，they discussed it together.
4
人教版高中英语必修四
→______________________________，they discussed it together. [答案] ①Weather permitting ②Mary coming back 5．现在分词作评注性状语
有些现在分词在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking “一般来说”，judging by/from...“从……判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。
Judging from his behaviour，he must be mad. 从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。
Generally speaking，girls are more interested in literature than boys.
一般来说，女孩比男孩对文学更感兴趣。 [即学即用] 完成句子
①__________________(实话说)，he is fit for the job at present. ②__________________(个人而言)I want to have a rest as well. [答案] ①Honestly speaking ②Personally speaking
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．__________________，I'm satisfied with your performance. 就个人而言，我满意你的表现。
2．The film star intended to leave quickly，__________________. 这位影星想迅速离开，却被他的粉丝包围了。
3．Football is played all over the world，_____________________. 全世界都踢足球，因此踢足球成了一种很流行的运动。 4．____________________________，they closed the store. 因为没有顾客，他们关了店门。 5．I stood by the door，__________. 我站在门旁，不敢说一句话。
5
人教版高中英语必修四
6．____________________________(＝Though he had tried many times)，he still couldn't succeed.
尽管尝试了多次，但他仍未成功。
7．__________________________(＝If you set off earlier)，you'll get to the town at dusk.
如果早点儿出发的话，你在傍晚的时候就会到达小镇。 8．__________________
(＝After he had apologized to his teacher for his rude manner)，he made a promise that he wouldn't make the same mistake.
因自己的粗鲁行为而向老师道歉后，他许诺以后将不再犯同样的错误。
[答案] 1.Personally speaking 2．only to be surrounded by his fans 3．making it a popular sport 4．There being no customers 5．not daring to say a word 6．Having tried many times
7．Setting off earlier/If setting off earlier
8．Having apologized to his teacher for his rude manner Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．____________________(select) the proper present，they sent it to their respectable professor.
2．Not__________(know) what to do，the children had to wait for their parents to come back.
3．__________(hear) the signal，people ran out of the building. 4．__________(judge) from the appearance，it is very peaceful，but in fact，a war will break out soon.
6
人教版高中英语必修四
5．The decision________________________(make)，what is to be done now is how to carry it out.
6．__________(work) harder at English，you'll make greater progress.
7．__________exploring the cave，they found a valuable mineral. 8．It__________(be) Sunday，many people go to the gymnasium to do physical exercises.
9．__________(look) out through the window，we saw a beautiful scenery.
10．The case shocked the public，__________(cause) a hot debate over human nature on the Internet.
[答案] 1.Having selected 2.knowing 3.Hearing 4.Judging 5.having been made 6.Working 7.When
8．being 9.Looking 10.causing
1．(2018·江苏卷)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period，__________(exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
2．(2017·天津卷)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment，__________(allow) more patients to be treated.
3．(2017·江苏卷)Many Chinese brands，__________(develop) their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market.
4．(2016·北京卷)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street，__________(turn) the old town into a dreamland.
5．(2016·天津卷)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows，__________(make) air conditioning unnecessary.
6．(2015·天津卷)__________(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
7．(2015·湖南卷)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an
7
人教版高中英语必修四
apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，__________(wonder) whether to stay or leave.
8．(2015·重庆卷)Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way__________(use) the sun and the stars.
9．(2015·湖北卷)__________(look) at the beef being cooked on the stove，the mother pictured the whole family having meals together.
10．(2014·福建卷)__________(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong，Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
1．[解析] 句意：这段时期约13 500个新工作被创造出来，超过了市场分析者预测的12 000个。考查非谓语动词。设空处是非谓语动词作状语，与Around 13,500 new jobs是主动关系，且没有动作发生前后的关系，要用现在分词。
[答案] exceeding
2．[解析] 句意：这家医院近期获得了新的医疗设备，这让更多的病人可以接受治疗。考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处动作与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所以要用动词-ing形式。
[答案] allowing
3．[解析] 句意：很多中国的品牌，已经积攒了几百年的声誉，正在面临来自现代市场的新挑战。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。题干中两个逗号中间的部分为非谓语动词短语，develop的逻辑主语是Many Chinese brands，两者之间为主动关系，同时develop所表示的动作发生在facing所表示的动作之前，因此用having done的形式。
[答案] having developed
4．[解析] 句意：新建的木制小屋沿着大街排成一排，把旧城镇变成了梦境。设空处作结果状语，其逻辑主语应是逗号前的整句话，
8
人教版高中英语必修四
两者之间是主动关系，故答案为turning。
[答案] turning
5．[解析] 句意：凉风通过我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得空气调节系统没有必要了。根据句意可知，此处应用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示必然的结果。不定式虽然也可作结果状语，但往往表示出乎意料的结果，故不可填to make。
[答案] making
6．[解析] 句意：已经忙活了两天了，史蒂夫设法按时完成了他的报告。设空处动作与句子主语Steve之间为逻辑上的主动关系且发生在句子谓语动词managed之前，所以要用having done形式。
[答案] Having worked
7．[解析] 句意：当那个职员看到一张善良而又因愧疚的微笑而出现皱纹的脸时，她纹丝不动地站着，不知道是去还是留。主语she与wonder间为逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语，故答案为wondering。
[答案] wondering
8．[解析] 考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处动作与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。
[答案] using
9．[解析] 考查非谓语动词作状语。Look与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所以用Looking。
[答案] Looking
10．[解析] 设空处动作与句子主语Linda之间为逻辑上的主动
9
人教版高中英语必修四
关系且发生在句子谓语动词appear之前，所以要用having done形式。
[答案] Having spent
Writing——关注信
关注问题类的书信属于应用文的范畴。关注信是作者就某一个问题或一些现象，表达自己对事件的关心，并提出自己的一些看法和解决办法的一类信件。一封好的关注信分为三个部分：开头、主体和结尾。应注意以下三点：
1．开头一般开门见山，直接表明自己的观点；
2．主体则是主题的展开和深化，要把论点按照逻辑顺序列出，连同证据、原因或例子；
3．结尾则是开头的呼应，总结论点，并重申观点。 [常用开头语]
①I'm shocked/awfully sorry to hear that... ②It was a great shock to hear that... ③It broke my heart to hear that...
④I just can't tell you how sad I was when I heard that... ⑤I can't tell you how sorry I felt when I heard that... ⑥I am writing to express my deep sympathy/care for you. [主体部分]
①I understand how you feel now. ②I know the way you feel very well. ③You'll always have a support in me.
④It's true that attitude decides everything.So you should never give up no matter what happens.
⑤Please let me know if there is anything I can do.
⑥If I can be of any help，please don't hesitate to let me know.
10
人教版高中英语必修四
[尾段常用句式]
①I'm looking forward to...
②I hope our caring will help to comfort you.
③I hope that time will take away the sorrow of your recent loss. ④Remember that my heart and my thoughts are with you.
[写作提示]
假如你叫李华，今天下午你发现你的好朋友王立看起来很难过，在课堂上听课也不够认真。你认为他一定遇到了什么事情。于是你决定给他写一封信，表达你对他的关心。信的内容包容：
1．是不是他的母亲生病了；
2．是不是因为这次考试没有考好而心烦； 3．提醒对方自己是他的好朋友； 4．自己是否能够帮助他。 注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Wang Li，
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Yours， Li Hua
[写作要点]
11
人教版高中英语必修四
1．第一段描述对方的状况(看起来难过、听课不认真)。 2．第二段分析对方的问题和可能的原因并表达关怀。 3．第三段表达祝福、祝愿。 [经典范文] Dear Wang Li，
This afternoon I found that_you_looked_very_upset_and_that_you_ didn't_listen_to_the_teachers_carefully_enough_in_class.I think there must be something wrong with you.
Is it because_your_mother_is_ill？Or is it because_you_didn't _get_a_good_result_in_this_exam? Wang Li，please remember I'm your good friend and that I will be with you whatever_happens_to_you.If_you _need_any_help，do turn_to me.As your friend，I care_about you very much.And I sincerely hope you will be happy again soon. Best wishes!
Yours， Li Hua
[精彩点评]
1．本文语言流畅，语气诚恳，表达了作者对好友发自内心的关怀。
2．文章使用了一些较高级的词汇和句型，比如：turn to (向……求助)，care about(关怀，关心)，sincerely(真诚地)；that 引导的宾语从句(that you looked very upset and...carefully enough in class)，because 引导的表语从句(because your mother is ill及because you didn't get a good result in this exam)，whatever引导的让步状语从句(whatever happens to you)，if引导的条件状语从句(If you need any help)等。
假设你是张华，你的朋友李明在骑车上学的途中遭遇车祸，腿部受伤，在医院接受了手术。请你代表全班同学给他写一封慰问信，信的内容包括以下几点信息：
12
人教版高中英语必修四
1．听说他住院并接受了手术，表示慰问； 2．你们将在周六上午去看望他； 3．将会帮助他补习所缺的功课； 4．愿意提供其他任何可能的帮助。 注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Li Ming，
How are you now？______________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
Yours， Zhang Hua
[答案] Dear_Li_Ming，
How_are_you_now？We were shocked when we heard that you were knocked down by a truck while cycling to school.We are sorry to learn that you have had an operation on your injured leg and that you have to stay in hospital.All of us are worried about you.We hope you will soon get better.Everybody in our class sends his best wishes to you.
We'll come to see you on Saturday morning and have decided to help you with your lessons that you have missed.So，don't worry and be patient.If there is anything else we can do for you，please let us know when we meet.We are always ready to help you.
I hope you will recover soon.
Yours， Zhang_Hua 13
人教版高中英语必修四
课后作业(十二)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Having struggled for ten years，he became the__________(defend) champion.
2．The man__________(stand) there is a famous artist.
3．__________(greet) with a polite bow，Singaporeans meet with each other.
4．When__________(walk) the dog, you were careless.
5．It__________(be) holiday，many people go travelling with their kids.
6．She stood__________(hug) herself against the cold.
7．Linda acts as if she were the boss，__________(order) people around.
8．Snowfall has been light in Beijing this winter，but that has not stopped its citizens from__________(have) fun in the snow.
[答案] 1.defending 2.standing 3.Greeting
4．walking 5.being 6.hugging 7.ordering 8.having Ⅱ.完成句子
1．________________________，the boy stopped talking at once. 听到他妈妈的声音，这个男孩立即停止了讲话。
2．________________________to work out the difficult physics problem，he asked the teacher for help.
因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他向老师求助。
3．________________________，you will find the path leading to the park.
转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小路。
4．Their car was caught in a traffic jam，thus________________. 他们的车遇上了交通堵塞，因而耽误了。 5
．Those children ran
14
out of the room，
人教版高中英语必修四
________________________.
那些孩子跑出房间，愉快地笑着、说着。
[答案] 1.Hearing his mum's voice 2.Not knowing how
3．Turning to the left 4.causing the delay 5.laughing and talking merrily
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
When you move，gestures say as much about you as what comes out of your mouth.
Jenny Smith,34，an assistant vice-president at a bank in New York，was interviewing candidates(申请人) for a position which required a person with good communication skills.
One candidate in particular stood out，but not in a good way.While she could have been very intelligent，her body language sent out very different messages.Her handshake was more of a finger shake，and her eye contact was weak.
To Jenny，what the candidate said didn't matter because her body language said everything：she wasn't suitable for the position.The candidate may have been quite appropriate(合适的)，but she didn't manage to get that across.So our body language may not do us justice.But there are some signals which are very common and are worth a thousand words.
For example，a handshake can say much more than “hello，nice to meet you”．The most important part of a handshake is palm-to-palm contact.It's even more important than how strong your handshake is.The palm-to-palm contact makes people seem honest：it seems to say “I am sincere(真诚的)”．A weak handshake—when the palms don't touch—makes you seem unfriendly and insincere.
But people sometimes use body language to give each other the wrong impression.Somebody who has a firm handshake may pretend to
15
人教版高中英语必修四
be sincere，and somebody with a weak handshake may just be a bit shy and nothing more.
Body language can also be overdone.While eye contact gives an impression of friendliness，too much eye contact or eye contact which is too intense(十分强烈的) can make people feel uncomfortable.
语篇解读：文章通过一个面试者的故事说明身体语言在日常生活中的重要性并做了相应的介绍。
1．The candidate for the job failed because__________. A．she wasn't clever enough B．she used improper body language C．she said the wrong things D．she expressed a bad attitude
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To Jenny，what the candidate said didn't matter because her body language said everything：she wasn't suitable for the position.”可知，应聘者因没有用适合的身体语言而面试失败。
[答案] B
2．When you shake someone's hand，you should__________. A．hold his hand with great strength B．make frequent eye contact C．say something sincere
D．make good contact with their hand
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The most important part of a handshake is palm-to-palm contact.It's even more important than how strong your handshake is.”可知，当你和别人握手时，应采用正确的力度控制手部之间的接触。
16
人教版高中英语必修四
[答案] D
3．According to the sixth paragraph，our body language__________. A．may give other people the false idea B．is much more important than what you say C．tells other people what you really like D．are ignored by most people
[解析] 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“But people sometimes use body language to give each other the wrong impression.”可知，我们的身体语言有时会给对方错误的印象。
[答案] A
4．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To help readers get a better job. B．To show why handshakes are important. C．To introduce body language to readers.
D．To explain what the right communication skills are.
[解析] 意图推断题。作者通过一个面试者的故事向读者介绍了如何正确使用身体语言。
[答案] C
B
It's surprising how much simple movement of the body can affect the way we think. Using expansive gestures with open arms makes us feel more powerful, crossing your arms makes you more determined and lying down can bring more insights(领悟)．
So if moving the body can have these effects, what about the clothes we wear? We're all well aware of how dressing up in different ways can make us feel more attractive, sporty or professional, depending on the clothes we wear, but can the clothes actually change cognitive(认知) performance or is it just a feeling?
17
人教版高中英语必修四
Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people's powers of attention. The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail.
What they found was that people wearing white coats performed better than those who weren't. Indeed, they made only half as many errors as those wearing their own clothes on the Stroop Test(one way of measuring attention). The researchers call the effect “enclothed cognition，” suggesting that all manner of different clothes probably affect our cognition in many different ways.
This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based experiments. Is the
writer who wears a fedora more creative? Is the psychologist wearing little round glasses and smoking a cigar more insightful? Does a chef's hat make the restaurant food taste better?
From now on I will only be editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat to help keep the typing error count low. Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog in a cap and gown(学位服)．
语篇解读：本文讲述了Adam和Galinsky所做的一个关于穿着白大褂人们注意力的实验。实验显示穿白大褂的人表现更为出色，他们的错误率是穿普通衣服的人的一半。得出结论：着装影响人的认知表现。
5. What is the main idea of the text?
A．Body movements change the way people think. B．How people dress has an influence on their feelings. C．What people wear can affect their cognitive performance. D．People doing different jobs should wear different clothes. [解析] 主旨大意题。根据第二段“but can the clothes actually change cognitive performance or is it just a feeling”及下文所做的实验
18
人教版高中英语必修四
可知，本文主要讲述着装对人认知表现的影响。故选C。
[答案] C
6．Adam and Galinsky's experiment tested the effect of clothes on their wearers'________.
A．insights C．attention
B．movements D．appearance
[解析] 事实细节题。根据第三段“Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people’s powers of attention.中的attention及第四段Indeed, ... on the Stroop Test (one way of measuring attention)的attention.”可知，Adam和Galinsky的实验是测试着装对人们注意力的影响。A.insights“洞察力”；
B．movements“移动”；
C.attention“注意力”；D.appearance“外表”。故选C。
[答案] C
7．How does the author sound in the last paragraph? A．Academic. C．Formal.
B．Humorous. D．Hopeful.
[解析] 推理判断题。作者全文在讲述着装影响人的认知表现这一理论，最后一段作者说自己以后要穿白大褂上班编辑文章，以减少打字错误。他希望读者也能带上学士帽、穿上学位服阅读PsyBlog的文章。由此可推断出作者是用一种幽默的语气调侃着装认知理论。A.academic“学士的”；B．humorous“幽默的”；C.formal“正式的”； D．hopeful“有希望的”。故选B。
[答案] B Ⅳ.短文改错
19
人教版高中英语必修四
Volunteering has meaningful effect on your community.But it can also have several benefit for you.
To begin with，volunteering enable you to gain some valuable experience，that lays a solid foundation for your future life.In the meantime，by volunteering，you can make many friends，from whom you can obtain use knowledge that can't be learnt it at school.On addition，volunteering provides you with a good opportunity to give back to society，and thus harmonious society can be create.
As far as I'm concerned，volunteering is a very good way to build self-confidence，too.When offered others help，we will have a sense of satisfaction and will be in a good mood.However，volunteering is of great benefit not only to others but also to ourselves.
[答案]
Volunteering has ∧ meaningful effect on your community.But it
a
can also have several benefit for you.
benefits
To begin with，volunteering enable you to gain some valuable
enables
experience, that lays a solid foundation for your future life.In the
which
meantime，by volunteering，you can make many friends，from whom you can obtain use knowledge that can't be learnt ＼it at school. On
useful
In
addition，volunteering provides you with a good opportunity to give back to society，and thus harmonious society can be create .
created
As far as I'm concerned，volunteering is a very good way to build self-confidence，too.When offered others help，we will have a sense
offering
of satisfaction and will be in a good mood. However ，volunteering is of
Therefore/Thus
great benefit not only to others but also to ourselves.
20
人教版高中英语必修四
Ⅴ.书面表达
假定你是王明，最近参加了志愿者培训，在培训中你了解到：除了要学好外语外，还要了解不同国家的身体语言，只有这样才能更好地帮助外国朋友。你想把这些情况写邮件告诉你的外国朋友Peter，邮件的要点如下：
1．身体语言的作用；
2．对于不同的国家来说，身体语言也不同(举一至两个例子说明)； 3．了解在不同文化中身体语言的重要意义。
注意：1.不要逐字逐句地翻译要点，可根据需要适当增加细节； 2．词数100左右(文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Dear Peter，
Glad to write to you！These days I am attending some training courses for being a volunteer.In order to be a good volunteer，besides foreign languages，we should learn about body language，which I find interesting.I'd like to share it with you.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
So much for these.Looking forward to your letter.
Yours， Wang Ming
[答案] Dear_Peter，
Glad_to_write_to_youThese_days_I_am_attending_some_training_ courses_for_being_a_volunteer.In_order_to_be_a_good_volunteer，！ 21
人教版高中英语必修四
besides_foreign_languages，we_should_learn_about_body_language，which_I_find_interesting.I'd_like_to_share_it_with_you. Body language，one of the most powerful means of communication，is used by people for sending messages to one another.Sometimes it is even more powerful than spoken language because it can help us make ourselves understood easily.
As we all know，every culture has its own body language.Take greetings for example.The ways of greeting vary from country to country.The French，who are open-minded often kiss each other on the cheek when they meet people they know.Men from the Middle East often stand close to other men to talk，but they will never touch women.They just nod at women.
There is no doubt that studying body language of a certain culture well will help reduce misunderstanding between people and avoid the difficulties in communication.
So_much_for_these.Looking_forward_to_your_letter. Yours， Wang_Ming
22
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容