时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、结果、目的、方式、比较。
Part 1 时间状语从句：
最常用的连接词：
When，while，as , before , after , as soon as, until, not until 次常见的连接词:
The moment\\minute, immediately, hardly…when, no sooner than 问题一：
We wew swimming in the lake_______suddenly the storm started. A\\when B\\while C\ D\\before
He was about to tell me the secret ______someone patted him on the shoulder A\\as B\ C\\while D\\when
-Did Jack come back early last night? -Yes,it was not yet 8:00 _____he arrived home. A\\before B\\when C\hat D\
He was about halfway through his meal______a familiar voice came to his ears. A\\why B\\where C\\when D\\while 一、时间状从中连接词when的用法小结：
1、when引导的时间状从的谓语动词可以是可延续的，也可以是表短暂性的动词，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生 或 从句动作先于主句动作。例： When the film ended,the people went back.
When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
2、可用作并列连词，其意义是“那时，这时”，相当于and at this\hat time.常用于以下句式： was about to do sth. … when…\\
be (on the point of) doing sth. …when…(刚要…这时突然…)
e.g.I was about to stop pretending to being listening to the class to listen to what the teachers said when Mr. Li
shouted at me so loudly that the whole class can hear. 3、还可以表示原因“既然”，相当于since,considering that.如：
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in 5 minutes.
问题二：
The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain,_____the quality of life is probably one of the
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highest.
A\\since B\\when C\\as D\\while
______I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person. A\\While B\\Since C\\Before D\\Unless 二、时间状从中连接词while 的用法小结：
1、while 引导的动作必须是持续性的，强调某一段时间内，主从句动作同时发生，或主从句中的动作或事物在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生。如： Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
2、while作为并列连词，意为“然而，却”，表示对比。 I was reading while my father was watching TV. 3、while可表示尽管,相当于although
I have to give up because of you while I like it so much. 问题3：
_________I get older ,I get more optimistic. He hurried home,looking behind _____he went. ______he was going out,it began to rain. A\\Since B\\When C\\As D\\While 三、只用as,不用when或while的情况
1、用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行，指“一边…一边…”，如： The girl sings as she goes to school.
2、表示两个同步发生的动作或行为，如： As time went by,she became more and more beautiful. 3、表示两个动作紧跟着发生，如： As he was going out,is began to rain,
4、接在名词后面表示某一个年龄段时。如： As a young man, he was active in sports.
四、连接词when,while,as的用法区别:
1、while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可持续的，而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词既可以是可持续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词。
When\\While he was eating his breakfast,he heard the door bell rang.
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When I stopped my car,a man came up to me.(while不可用)
2、从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when 引导，不可用while\\as,如： When you have finished your work,you may have a rest. 3、表示“随着……”,连词用as,不用when\\while,如： As the election approached,the violenve got worse.
4、如果主句表示的是短暂性的动作，从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示一段时间内正在进行的动作时，三者可互相交换使用。如：
When\\While\\As I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine. 五、其他引导时间状语从句的连接词：
1、一些词，如the moment\\minute\\instant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardly…when,no sooner…than等，也可因的一个时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。如：
e.g.We will come across this situation the moment (when)your most important relatives leave you.
It is not wise that we stop our lesson immediately (when) the bell rings if we can’t finish our task.
2、一些含有time 的名词短语，如every\\each\\next time,by the time 等，以及the day\\year,the morning等也可以引导一个时间状语从句。如：
e.g.So many thousands of people died everytime there was an outbreak.
The day he returned home,his father was already dead. Next time you come ,please bring your ID card.
3、如果hardly 或no sooner或 scarcely置于句首，句子必须用部分倒装结构。如： Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
问题4：
-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?-Yes,he has never praised him_______he
became one of the top students in the class.
A、after B\s C\ D\\when
A good storyteller must be able to hold listener’s curiority ______he reaches the end of the story. A\\when B\s C\\after D\
It was not ______she took off her dark glasses ______I realized she was a famous film star. A\\when;that B\;that C\;when D\\when;then 六、till,until和not…until用法：
1、until\ill引导时间状语从句用于肯定句中时，主句的动词时延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until\ill所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直持续到某时间点才停止”，译为“直到…为止”。 You may stay here until the rain stops.
2、用于否定句时，主句谓语动词时非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“直到…才”，如： He wouldn’t go to bed till/until he had finished the work. 3、until 可以置于句首，till不行。如： Until you told me , I had no idea for it.
4、not…untill句型中的强调和倒装说法：
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It is\\was not until that…
Not until+从句+助动词+主句。例：
e.g.it was not until you told me that I had some idea for it. Not until you told me did I hace any idea for it. 七、连接词before的小结： 1、词义：
The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won in the end.(在…之后，才…) He rushed out of the room before I could say a word.(…还没来得及，就…) It was evening before we reached the little town of Winster.(在…之前就…)
He make a mistake,but then he corrected the situation before it got worse.(没等…就…) 2、其他句型：
1、it+（will/would）be +时间段+before… “过了（多长时间）才…” It will be some time before we know whether the drug takes effect or not. It was quite a few years before he finally finished the novel.
2、it+（will/would）be not +时间段+before… “过不了多久就…”
It will be not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the surviors of the air crash. It wasn’t 2 years before you go to join in the final examination. 3、it+be+时间点+before… “…发生时，是…(时间)” It was not yet 8:00 before he arrived home .八、连接词since的用法：
注：since的用法主要有两点：一是表示“自从…以来”，二是表示“既然”。
1、 若since 引导的状语从句的谓语动词是终止性的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那
一刻起”。如：
He has studied very hard since he came to our school. We have been missing them since they left here.
2、 若since 引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时时，则从句表示的
时间是“从持续动作或状态结束时算起”。如：
I haven’t heard any noise since I slept. Sleep为持续性动词，sleep的动作结束时，即“醒来”时，译为“我醒后还未听到任何声响。”
John is now with his parents in New York .It is already 3 years since he was a teacher.
3、 若since 引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词的现在完成时则表示动作和状态延续到现在
（说话时），其表示的时间的起点应从动作之时算起。如：
I haven’t heard from him since he has lived there.这里的has lived表示动作的持续性，时间的起点应从“开始居住”时算起，“自从他（开始）住在那儿，我就一直没有收到他的来信” Since we have owned a car,we have gone camping every year.
4、 句型it is +一段时间+since…与it has been +一段时间+since…意思相同，时间的计算从since从句
的动作完成或状态结束时算起。但是，在该句型中，since从句中同样存在着谓语动词的终止性和延续性的区别。例：
It is 2 years since he left the country.
It is 3 years since the Whites were in London.
It is 5 years since the boy became a young pioneer.(____) It is 5 years since the boy was a young pioneer.(____)
part2 地点状从 part3原因状从 part4 比较状从 part5 目的状从 part6 结构状从 part7 条件状从 问题5：
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The WTO can not live up to its name ______it does include a country that is home to one fifth of the mankind. A\\as long as B\\while C\\IF D\\even though
It is known to all that ___you exercise regularly,you won’t keep good health. A\s B\\whenever C\\although D\\if 1、 unless=if not,意思是“除非”、“如果不…就…”.
_____i can see,there is one possible way yo keep away from the danger. A\\as long as B\\As far as C\\Just as D\\Even if
I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s ___I have to wait. A\\in case B\\so that C\\in order D\\as if
2、 As long as（只要） 和 as far as（就…而论） 都可引导条件状语从句。 Part8 让步状从 Part9方式状从
问题6：
_______I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person. A\\While B\\Since C\\Before D\\Unless
Allow children the space to voice their opinions ,______they are different from your own. A\ B\\even if C\s D\\as though
He tried his best to solve the problem,_____difficult it was. A\\however B\\whatever C\\whichever D\\although The old tower must be saved,____the cost.
A\\however B\\whatever C\\whichever D\\wherever 注：as 引导的让步状语从句常见的几种倒装方式：
1、 若从句谓语部分为“vi.+adv.”,常将从句的副词提前到从句句首。 Hard as you may try,you will not succeed.
2、 若从句谓语部分为|“情态动词+vi.”,常将形容词提前到从句句首。 Wait as you may,he will not see you.
3、 若从句谓语部分为“系动词+n.”，常将这个表语名词提前，但这个名词前面的不定冠词要省略。 Child as he is ,he can tell right from wrong.
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