（九年级unit5 unit6 unit7） 日期：
考点一：被动语态的用法 被动语态是由“助动词be + 过去分词”构成。
注意：只有及物动词才有被动语态。 不及物动词如rise, come, go , take place, happen等没有被动语态。
1. ---Hi, Jack. Did you go to Jim’s birthday party?---No, I felt so sad. I_____ . A. didn’t invite B. wasn’t invited C. am not invited D. hadn’t invited 2. Don’t discuss the problems with your partner unless you____________ to do so. A. ask B. are asked C. will ask D. will be asked
3. (用所给动词的适当形式填空)The boy (take) to hospital at once after he fell off the tree.
考点二：主动语态变为被动语态的方法 1. 首先把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2. 再把主动语态的谓语动词改为与其时态相对应的被动形式，且与被动语态的主语保持人称和数的一致。 3. 最后将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语，置于句后。“by + 宾语”在句中常省略。
请对比下面的主动句和被动句：
主动语态：They(主语) grow (谓语) tea(宾语) in the southeast of China.
被动语态：Tea(主语) is grown (谓语) by them in the southeast of China.
时态 被动结构 一般现在时 am / is / are+ 过去分词 一般过去时 was / were + 过去分词 一般将来时 will / shall be + 过去分词 现在进行时 am / is / are+ being + 过去分词 现在完成时 含情态动词的 have /has been + 过去分词 can / may / must be + 过去分词
1. -Can sixteen-year-olds drive their cars to school? ---No. They shouldn’t ____ to drive because they are not serious. A. allow B. allowed C. be allowed D. have allowed
2.---Why did you leave your city last year? ---Because I _______ a new job in another city. A. offered B. am offered C. was offered
3. A large number of engineers _______ to Africa by our government to help the people there every year. A. have sent B. will send C. are sent
4. Students can’t take magazines out of the reading room without permission.(改为被动语态) Magazines can’t ________ ________ out of the reading room without permission.
考点三：带双宾语的主动语态变被动语态 (1)含有双宾语的主动句变成被动句时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变。
He told us a story.→We were told a story (by him).
My father gave me a new pen.→I was given a new pen by my father.
(2)如果要把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语前有时要加介词to(在send, pass, write, give, show, bring等动词之后)或for (在buy, cook, make, order, choose等动词之后)。如：
My teacher gave me some advice.→Some advice was given to me by my teacher. My father bought me a new watch.→A new watch was bought for me by my father. 考点四：含复合宾语的主动句变被动句 含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时，要将其中的宾语变成主语，宾语补足语不变。如：
Jim asked Tom to go for a walk. → Tom was asked by Jim to go for a walk.
注意：如果宾语补足语是不带to 的动词不定式，主动语态变成被动语态时要加上不定式符号to。 ①We often hear her sing in the room.→She is often heard to sing in the room (by us).
②The boss made them work for 16 hours a day. →They were made to work for 16 hours a day (by the boss).
注意：一些表示感官动词和使役动词，如hear, watch, see, feel, notice, listen to, look at, let, make, have和help等后面的宾语补足语是动词不定式时，主动语态中要省去to，但在变为被动语态时，不定式符号to要补上。 1. I _______ to get there before seven tomorrow, so I’ll have to get up early. A. told B. have told C. will tell D. was told 2. The girl was often heard_____happily in her room. A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sings 考点五：短语动词的被动形式 许多不及物动词加介词或副词后构成的动词短语，相当于及物动词。在变为被动语态的时候，不能把动词短语分开，也不能漏掉短语动词中的介词或副词。如：
①He always takes care of his sister. →His sister is always taken care of (by him). ②She turned off the radio. →The radio was turned off （by her）. 考点六：主动形式表被动意义 (1)动词need, want以及短语be(well) worth 等后常接动名词的主动形式，表示被动含义。如：
①The room need cleaning. ②My coat wants washing. ③The piece of music is worth listening to.
注意：动词need, want后接动名词表被动时，句子的主语为物时，后面的动名词相当于动词不定式的被动结构。如：My coat wants washing = My coat wants to be washed.
(2) 一些表示感知的系动词，如look, feel, sound, taste, smell, get, turn, become, grow等，常用主动形式表被动意义。如：
①The food looks nice and tastes bad. ②Your plan sounds good.
(3)某些表示主语质地、自身特征的动词，如write, wash, sell, read, clean, cook等，常和副词well或easily连用，用主动形式表被动意义。这些动词在这种情况下，一般用作不及物动词。如：
①The shop opens at six in the morning. ②The pen writes well.
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