第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节：（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．
1．（7.5分）Our 3﹣day tour along the South Coast has it all!Stunning landscapes，the Golden Circle，ice caves， the Jokulsarlon Iceberg Lagoon and Northern Lights watching．On the way we see waterfalls， volcanoes，floating icebergs，cliffs，black sand beaches，geysers，hot springs and so much more．There are even options for a glacier hike or a visit to the Secret Lagoon，and during the summer months you can add a boat tour on Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon．
Included：Reykjavik pick﹣up & drop﹣off，minibus tour，English guidance，2 nights accommodation，glacier﹣hiking/ice﹣caving equipment，super jeep ride for some km，specialized guide to ice cave，entrance fees and northern lights（depending on conditions，visible from Sept﹣Apr）．
Not included：Food is not included on this tour except for breakfasts．The boat trip on the glacier lagoon is an optional extra（available in the summer months）． This sells out very fast， so we recommend you book it when you arrange your tour．
Bring with you：Warm outdoor clothing，waterproof jacket and pants，headwear and gloves．Good hiking boots are essential．
Note：You can always rent strong hiking boots，waterproof jacket and pants in the booking process．
Ice Cave information：Our main cave is \"Crystal Ice Cave\"，but if it is inaccessible we will visit another cave．During the summer months（Apr﹣Oct），we go to the Katla Ice Cave．If the ice cave is inaccessible，we do a glacier hike instead．
Drop﹣off information：We drop you off at your hotel sometime between 16：00﹣19：00 on day three， depending on weather and road conditions．
Contact us：If you have a question about this tour you can use the contact form here below．If you have a general inquiry（cancellations，feedback，reschedule，etc．）please click here．
（1）What should you pay extra money for during the trip？ A．Minibus tour．
1 / 10
B．Glacier hiking． C．Entrance fees． D．Lunch．
（2）If you want to have a boat trip，you ． A．can make it all year around B．don't need to pay extra money C．must buy waterproof jackets D．had better book the tickets in advance
（3）Where does this text most probably come from？ A．A health newspaper． B．A science fiction． C．A travel website． D．A project handbook．
2．（10分）In recent years，stressed﹣out people living in cities have been seeking protection in green spaces for the proven positive impacts on physical and mental health，but the benefits of \"blue space\"﹣the sea and coastline，but also rivers，lakes，canals，waterfalls，even fountains﹣are less well advertised， yet the science has been consistent for at least a decade：being by water is good for body and mind．
\"Many of the processes are exactly the same as with green space﹣with some added benefits，\" says Dr Mathew White，a senior lecturer at the University of Exeter．
White says there are three established pathways by which the presence of water is positively related to health and happiness．First，there are the beneficial environmental factors，such as less polluted air and more sunlight．Second，people who live by water tend to be more physically active． Third﹣and this is where blue space seems to have an advantage over other natural environments﹣water has a psychological recovery effect．When you are sailing，surfing or swimming，says White，\"you're really in step with natural forces there．\"
Catherine Kelly is a wellness practitioner who teaches classes in \"mindfulness by the sea\"．She says the sea has a quality that can make people thoughtful．
\"To go to the sea means letting go，\" says Kelly．\"It could be lying on a beach or somebody handing you a cocktail．For somebody else，it could be a wild，empty coast．But there is this really
2 / 10
human sense of：\"Oh， look，there's the sea﹣and the shoulders drop．\"
（1）Why are blue spaces less popular than green spaces？ A．Because green spaces are good to people's health． B．Because little research has been done on blue spaces． C．Because green spaces have more benefits than blue spaces． D．Because the benefits of green spaces are better advertised．
（2）Where is blue space superior to other natural environments according to White？ A．Where there's water，there's fresh air． B．People living near water are healthier． C．Water can help people restore mental health． D．The sea can make people lost in deep thought． （3）What can we learn from the last paragraph？ A．The sea will bring you loneliness． B．The sea will hurt your shoulder． C． The sea will put you at ease． D．The sea will make you feel down．
（4）What does the author mainly want to tell us？ A．People in cities prefer green spaces．
B．Blue spaces help both physically and mentally． C．Green spaces have been out of date． D．Ways to keep us healthy．
3．（10分）Kevin Randall， a teacher，who teaches biology at Grandville High School，runs the environmental club at the high school，which has around 2，000 students．The club is known as the GHS Green Team，and it aims to raise awareness among students and teachers about sustainability（持续性）．It also works on projects to reduce the environmental footprint of the building itself． One of the club's recent projects focused on reducing waste in the school cafeteria．Randall said their cafeteria supervisor told them that the school went through 54，000 plastic forks every year．The club applied for a financial help，built recycling centers for the cafeteria，and purchased metal silverware．
3 / 10
And now every student uses a durable metal fork or a spoon instead of disposables（一次性用品），\"and that's just one way we're trying to capture the low﹣hanging fruit，if you will，\" Randall said．
The efforts of Randall and his students have earned Grandville High School the Michigan Green School certification from the state．In addition to their work reducing waste in the cafeteria，the GHS Green Team has also built a garden with flowers and vegetables on campus，and leads cleanups on site and out in the community．Over the years，Randall and his students have also been working on raising money to install solar panels（太阳能板）on the roof of the high school． Randall said he was motivated to take the lead on environmental issues for his school because he wanted his students to have someone to turn to in the building who understands what's at stake（利害攸关）when it comes to climate change．
\"And I also felt like I needed to do more in my life for my own two children at home，\" Randall added，\"They need to know that their dad is working as hard as he can to reduce the effects of climate change，and to spread the word，and to make sure that other students out there are learning about this just the way they are at home．\"
（1）What is the purpose of the GHS Green Team club？ A．To inspire students' love for biology． B．To finish the projects assigned by school． C．To prepare students for their future jobs． D．To promote environmental protection．
（2）What's the result of the project on school cafeteria？ A．It has changed the outlook of the cafeteria． B．Students can have more fruits in the cafeteria． C．Plastic forks are no longer used in the cafeteria． D．The school has become famous nationwide． （3）What's the fourth paragraph mainly about？ A．The classification of the projects． B．The characteristics of the club． C．The activities organized by the club．
4 / 10
D．The future of the club．
（4）What was Randall's aim by doing the work on environmental issues？ A．To educate the young． B．To get material rewards． C．To amuse his children． D．To make himself famous．
4．（10分）Hybrid cars are cars that run on both petrol and electricity．They have a small standard petrol engine and a battery and electric motor to provide electric power．
There are some differences between different models of hybrid cars，but the general principle is that the car runs on petrol，and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required，for example when going uphill or accelerating．In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed，for example when the car has stopped at traffic lights，keeping only the electric engine running．
Conventional cars have large engines to cope with driving uphill and accelerating．Most of the time，this high engine capacity is not needed，but the engine continues burning up fuel．Hybrid cars have much smaller petrol engines，boosted by electric motors when needed，so they use less petrol． Hybrid cars are also lighter and aerodynamically（空气动力学的） designed for greater fuel efficiency．
Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of\"regenerative braking（刹车）\"．The electric motor is used to slow down the car，rather than conventional brakes．The energy produced by the slowing car is transformed into electrical power，which is automatically stored in the battery．In effect，the battery recharges when you brake．In conventional cars the energy produced when braking is wasted．
Car manufacturers and engineers have been experimenting with electric and hybrid cars since the late 19th century．In 1928 Ferdinand Porsche built an experimental hybrid car that used both an internal burning engine and electric motors．The first mass﹣produced hybrid car，the Toyota Prius，came out in Japan at the end of 1997．However，Hybrid cars became available in the USA only in 1999，when the Honda Insight went on sale．
As they use less fuel，hybrid cars are cheaper to run．There are also many initiatives in place to encourage people to buy them．In some countries，hybrid car owners pay a lower rate of tax，and
5 / 10
don't have to pay on certain toll roads（收费公路）．In some cities around the world，hybrid cars are allowed to park for free．
（1）What can we learn from paragraph 2？ A．Hybrid cars don't need petrol any more．
B．Petrol engine and electric motor work all the way． C．Hybrid cars mainly depend on electric power to run． D．Some hybrid car petrol engines will quit when unnecessary．
（2）Which is NOT the reason why hybrid cars consume less energy？ A．Smaller petrol engines． B．Scientific design． C．Conventional brakes． D．Energy storage．
（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph？ A．Hybrid cars are cheaper to buy． B．Hybrid car owners don't have to pay tax． C．Hybrid car owners don't need to pay parking fee． D．Hybrid cars will have a bright future．
（4）What's the author's purpose of writing the passage？ A．To advertise hybrid cars． B．To introduce hybrid cars．
C．To compare conventional cars and hybrid cars． D．To inform the development of hybrid cars．
第二节（共1小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．
5．（12.5分）One truth about modern life is that nobody has any time． （1） So let's try a simple thought experiment．Imagine that you came into possession of a magical new set of technologies that could automate or promote every single part of your job．
（2） Maybe you'd pick up a hobby，or have more children，or learn to relax and enjoy yourself in the additional leisure．But what if I told you that you wouldn't do any of those things：
6 / 10
You would just work the exact same amount of time as before． （3） But there are simple reasons for this．
Better technology means higher expectations﹣and higher expectations create more work．For most of history，humans were forced to suffer from their own dirty and unpleasant substances．Most families' clothes were washed twice a year．The fleet of housework technologies that came into the world suddenly between the late﹣19th and mid﹣20th century created new norms（标准）of cleanliness ﹣for our floors，our clothes，ourselves．
（4） Automatic washers and dryers raised our expectations for clean clothes and encouraged people to go out and buy new shirts and pants；housewives therefore had more loads of laundry to wash，dry，and fold．
In short，technology made it much easier to clean a house to 1890s standards． （5） They wanted a modern home﹣with dustless windowsills（窗台）and shiny floors﹣and this dustless shiny required a 40﹣to﹣50﹣hour workweek，even with the assistance of modern tools．
A．You are wasting your time． B．This might seem impossible． C．New norms meant more work．
D． What would you do with the extra time？ E．That means you can have more time to relax． F．Everybody is busy，burned out，overloaded．
G．But by mid﹣century，Americans didn't want that old house．
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节：完形填空（共1小题；每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
6．（15分）The victims were carried in one by one，their paws and fur burned，suffering from dehydration（脱水）and fear．Their caretakers（1） their wounds，and（2） ．them in baskets with the only thing that was（3） ﹣﹣﹣the leaves of eucalyptus（桉树）tree．As miserable fires have．（4） more than 2 million acres in Australia，only dozens of koalas have been（5） from the smoky trees and（6） ground．
Koalas，unlike kangaroos，birds or snakes，do not （7） ．from fires but instead climb
7 / 10
trees to the top，where they can curl themselves into a ball for（8） and wait for the danger to（9） ．
But during big fires，such as those that have burned in recent weeks，the animals are far less likely to（10） Even if the fire itself does not reach the tree（11） ，the animals may over heat and fall to the ground，where they can be burned to death．
The tough situation of the koala has raised（12） among scientists and conservationists（环保主义者）．While koalas have developed to exist alongside the wildfires，they are facing new （13） ，not just from climate change but also from human development，which has dislocated Koalas' populations，（14） their ability to survive fires．
We have these（15） animals not found anywhere else on this planet，and we are killing them． This is a big wake﹣up call．
（1）A．touched （2）A．threw （3）A．familiar （4）A．reached （5）A．killed （6）A．flat （7）A．escape （8）A．balance （9）A．attack （10）A．jump （11）A．top （12）A．passion （13）A．chances （14）A．weakening （15）A．lonely
B．treated B．locked B．plentiful B．left B．recognized B．black B．die B．protection B．come B．climb B．leaves B．concern B．choices B．developing B．stupid
C．ignored C．laid C．beautiful C．burned C．hurt C．broad C．suffer C．challenge C．pass C．fall C．trunk C．fear C．neighbors C．enriching C．lazy
D． discovered D．forced D．expensive D．trapped D．rescued D．safe D．rise D．comfort D．avoid D．survive D．root D．interest D．threats D．ensuring D．unique
第二节：（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单
8 / 10
词或括号内单词的正确形式．
7．（15分）About 1.4 billion people around the world do not get enough physical exercise．This number comes （1） the United Nations' World Health Organization（WHO）．A new WHO report warns that a lack of exercise（2） （great）increases the risk of health problems．The WHO says the new study is the first（3） （estimate）physical activity trends around the world over time．The report said the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in（4） （wealth）countries as they are in countries where people earn low wages．In richer countries，people are more likely to spend time（5） （sit）in offices． How much activity should we get？
To stay healthy，the report（6） （suggest）that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate（适中的）physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week．If you work in a high﹣rise office building，take the stairs instead of an elevator．Take more（7） （break）during the work day and move around．If your workplace offers（8） gym，make sure to use it．It also urges governments to provide and care for infrastructure（基础设施），such as better and（9） （safe）roads．This would help support increased walking（10） cycling for transportation，as well as sports and physical recreation．
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分15分）第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
8．（15分）假定你是李华，你校近期成立了\"孔子思想研究\"网上俱乐部（Confucianism online club）．你的朋友Tom对中国文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他加入该俱乐部． 注意：
1．词数80字左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯． 第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
9．（25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事．
One spring morning many years ago，I had been prospecting for gold along Coho Creek．As I emerged from a forest，I froze in my tracks．No more than 20 paces away in the bog（泥塘）was a huge Alaskan timber wolf﹣caught in one of Trapper George's traps．
Old George had died the previous week of a heart attack，so the wolf was lucky．Confused and frightened at my approach，the wolf backed away，pulling hard on the trap chain．Then I noticed something else：It was a female，and her teats（奶头）were full of milk．Somewhere there was a
9 / 10
den（窝）of hungry pups waiting for their mother．
From her appearance，I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days．That meant her pups were probably still alive．But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf，she would turn aggressive and try to tear me to pieces．
So I decided to search for her pups instead and began to look for incoming tracks that might lead me to her den．Fortunately，there were still a few remaining patches of snow．
The tracks led a half mile through the forest，and I finally spotted the den．There wasn't a sound inside．Wolf pups are shy and cautious，and I didn't have much hope of tricking them outside．But I had to try．So I began copying the squeak（吱吱声）of a mother wolf calling her young．No response．A few moments， later，after I tried again，four tiny pups appeared．I extended my hands，and they tentatively（试探性地）suckled at my fingers．Perhaps hunger had helped overcome their natural fear．Then，one by one，I placed them in a bag and headed back． When the mother wolf spotted me，she stood straight．Possibly picking up the scent（气味）of her young，she let out a sorrow﹣stricken crying．I released the pups，and they raced to her．Within seconds， they were slurping（啜食）at her belly． 注意：
1． 所续写的短文的词数应为150左右；
2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好． Paragraph 1：
What next？I wondered．_________ Paragraph 2：
Four years later，I returned to Coho Creek．_________
10 / 10
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容