专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷212 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有： 4. CLOZE
PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.
[A]existing[I]analysis [B]consumers[J]Enormously [C]released[K]identify [D]derivation[L]compelling [E]chief[M]address [F]emissions[N]Eventually [G]enchant[O]diversion [H]high-polluting The most detailed data yet on emissions of heat-trapping gases show that US power plants are responsible for the bulk of the pollution blamed for global warming. Power plants【C1】______72% of the greenhouse gases reported to the Environmental Protection Agency for 2010, according to information released Wednesday that was the first catalog of global warming pollution by facility. The data include more than 6,700 of the largest industrial sources of greenhouse gases, or about 80 percent of total US【C2】______. According to an Associated Press【C3】______of the data, 20 mostly coal-fired power plants in 15 states account for the top-releasing facilities. Gina McCarthy, the top air official at the EPA, said the database marked “a major milestone” in the agency’s work to【C4】______climate change. She said it would help industry, states and the federal government identify ways to reduce greenhouse gases. The Obama administration plans to regulate emissions of heat-trapping gases under【C5】______law. A proposed regulation to address pollution from new power plants could be released as early as this month.【C6】______, the EPA will have to tackle facilities already in operation. The largest emitters will be the first in line. The largest greenhouse gas polluter in the nation in 2010, according to the EPA’s data, was the Scherer power plant in Juliette, Ga. , owned by Southern Company. That coal-fired power plant reported releasing nearly 23 million metric tons of carbon dioxide, the【C7】______greenhouse gas, in 2010. Two other power plants owned by Southern were the second-and third-largest polluters nationally: the Bowen plant in Bowen, Ga. , and the James H. Miller, Jr. power plant in Quinton, Ala. American Electric Power, another large coal-fired power producer, has three power plants in the top 20. They are in Rockport, Ind. , Cheshire, Ohio, and St. Albans, W. Va. “This is just another way to【C8】______the largest coal-fired power plants in the country,” said AEP spokesman Pat Hemlepp. “We always assumed we would be No. 1 in greenhouse gas emissions or No. 2 behind Southern Co. We and Southern are the two largest【C9】______of coal. “ The other states with【C10】______power plants are Texas, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Pennsylvania, Arizona, Wyoming, North Carolina, Kansas and Kentucky. Refineries were the second-largest source of greenhouse gas emissions, with 57% of the reported total. The top states in greenhouse gas emissions from power plants and from refineries were Texas, Pennsylvania, Florida, Ohio, and Indiana. Congress required industries to report
their emissions as part of a 2008 spending bill. Until now, the agency has estimated greenhouse gas emissions by industry sector.
1． 【C1】
正确答案：C
解析：根据句子结构可知，空格处缺少动词作谓语。空格后的72％of the greenhouse gases意为“72％的温室气体”，备选动词中的released“排放”在含义上与之相吻合，故[C]为答案。 知识模块：完形
2． 【C2】
正确答案：F
解析：根据句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。结合句意：该数据包括6，700多家最大的温室气体工业源，约占美国温室气体______总量的80％。备选名词中的emissions“(尤指气体)排放，散发”符合句意，故[F]为答案。 知识模块：完形
3． 【C3】
正确答案：I 解析：根据句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。空格后的20 mostly coal-fired power plants in 15 statesaccount for the top-releasing facilities(15个州的20家发电厂为排放量最大的设施)，是对数据分析后得出的结论，故[I]analysis“分析”为答案。 知识模块：完形
4． 【C4】
正确答案：M
解析：根据句子结构可知，该空缺少动词。结合句意：美国环保局负责空气质量的高级官员吉娜·麦卡锡说，这个数据库标志着环保局______气候变化工作的“一个重要里程碑”。备选动词中的address“处理”符合句意，故[M]为答案。 知识模块：完形
5． 【C5】
正确答案：A 解析：由空格后的law可知，该空缺少形容词作定语。结合下文的A proposed regulation to addresspollution from new power plants could be released as early as this month．可知，奥巴马政府计划根据现行法律监管吸热气体的排放情况。备选形容词中的existing“现存的，目前的”可以修饰law，意为“现行的法律”，故[A]为答案。 知识模块：完形
6． 【C6】
正确答案：N
解析：根据句子结构可推断，此处缺少副词。由上文的A proposed regulation to address pollutionfrom new power plants could be released as early as this month．可推知，等到这个月解决新发电厂污染的提案公布以后，美国环保局最终将不得不处理已在运营中的设施，故[N]Eventually“最终”为答案。 知识模块：完形
7． 【C7】
正确答案：E
解析：根据空格后的greenhouse gas可推断，此处缺少形容词作定语。空格所在的部分是carbondioxide的同位语，而carbon dioxide是温室气体的主要成分，故[E]chief“主要的”为答案。 知识模块：完形
8． 【C8】
正确答案：K
解析：根据句子结构可知，该空缺少动词。由空格所在句下文的We always assumed we would beNo．1 in greenhouse gas emissions or No．2 behind Southern Co…．(我们一直以为自己是温室气体的最大排放者或位于南方电力公司之后排第二……)可推知，这种办法是在确定全国温室气体的最大排放者，故[K]identify“确定”为答案。 知识模块：完形
9． 【C9】
正确答案：B 解析：由空格前的the two largest可知，该空缺少名词。由上一句话We always assumed we would beNo．1 in greenhouse gas emissions or No．2 behind Southern Co…．可推知，两家最大的温室气体排放者美国电力公司和南方电力公司也是最大的煤炭消费者，故[B]consumers“消费者”为答案。 知识模块：完形
10． 【C10】
正确答案：H
解析：由句子结构可知，该空缺少形容词作定语。空格所在部分with______power plants是other states的定语，再结合文章开头第一句话中的US power plants are responsible for the bulk of the pollution blamed for global warming可知，发电厂是高污染企业，故[H]high-polluting“高污染的”为答案。 知识模块：完形
[A]experimental[I]contend [B]preference[J]momentary [C]Incidentally[K]infer [D]conceive[L]Initially
[E]reassessment[M]homogeneous [F]explicit[N]preserve [G]recover[O]predecessor [H]provisions According to a scientific study published in April, 2007, birds have shown they can plan for a future state of mind. Hoarding【C1】______for future use is not unique to humans. Birds, squirrels and monkeys do it. But the ability to think not just about tomorrow, but to realize how tomorrow’s feelings might differ from today’s, was thought to be the【C2】______of people. This week researchers demonstrated that Western scrub-jays, a type of crow, can do it, too. The researchers, led by Nicky Clayton of the University of Cambridge, wanted to test an idea proposed by Wolfgang Kohler, Norbert Bischof and Doris Bischof Kohler, three German psychologists. The Bischof Kohler hypothesis says that only humans can mentally separate themselves from what they are experiencing to【C3】______how they might feel about future events. To test whether this is so, Dr. Clayton and her colleagues sought to tease apart scrub-jays’【C4】______desires from their planning for future needs. They let the birds eat as much of one food as they wanted, exploiting a condition called specific satiety(饱足)—once the birds are full of one food, they show strong【C5】______for something different. They then offered the birds that same food or a second one to store for later. 【C6】______the scrub-jays behaved as predicted, choosing to stow away the second food, which they had not just eaten. But minutes before allowing the birds to【C7】______their storage, the researchers fed the birds to satiety with that second food—the one they had already stored. The birds changed their hoarding preferences on the very next trial. Even though they had just had their fill of the first food, they still hoard it, presumably because they thought it would be their preferred choice later. The results are published in this week’s Current Biology. The finding matters because the birds seem to plan ahead for what they will want later,even though their choice conflicts with what they want now. It could prompt a【C8】______of how animals perceive the world around them. Without the benefit of【C9】______subjects who can explain their thinking? However, Dr. Clayton and her colleagues will have to develop ever more cunning experiments to【C10】______complex mental processes from simple behavior.
11． 【C1】
正确答案：H
解析：根据句子结构可知，空格处缺少名词作宾语。空格前面的动名词hoarding“贮藏，囤积”可以与备选名词中的provisions“食品供应”搭配使用，再联系下文的Birds，squirrels and monkeys doit可推知，这是一种贮藏食品的能力，故[H]为答案。 知识模块：完形
12． 【C2】
正确答案：N
解析：根据句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。结合上文所提到的“未雨绸缪并
非人类所特有的能力。鸟类、松鼠与猴子都有此能力。”可推知，本句话中所提到的不仅能想着明天，而且还能意识到明天的感觉会如何不同于今天的能力曾被认为是人类独有的。备选名词中的preserve“独有的特质”符合句意，故[N]为答案。 知识模块：完形
13． 【C3】
正确答案：D 解析：根据空格前的to可推断，此处缺少动词。空格后的宾语从句how they might feel about futureevents(他们对未来的感觉)，是要通过感知或设想才知道的，故[D]conceive“想象，设想”为答案。 知识模块：完形
14． 【C4】
正确答案：J 解析：根据句子结构可知，该空缺少形容词作定语。与from后的their planning for future needs(对未来需要的打算)相对应的应该是“即时的愿望”，故[J]momentary“短暂的，瞬间的”为答案。 知识模块：完形
15． 【C5】
正确答案：B
解析：由句子结构可知，该空缺少名词。由空格所在句破折号前的specific satiety可知，只要这些鸟饱食一种食物，那它们就会表现出对其他食物强烈的偏好，备选名词preference“偏好，偏爱”符合句意，故[B]为答案。 知识模块：完形
16． 【C6】
正确答案：L
解析：根据句子结构可推断，此处缺少副词。结合上下文可知，空格所在句是指实验的最初阶段，故[L]Initially“最初”为答案。 知识模块：完形
17． 【C7】
正确答案：G 解析：根据句子结构可推断，此处缺少动词。由下文的The birds changed their hoarding preferenceson the very next trial．可推知，在第二个实验中，研究人员们先用这些鸟已经储备的第二种食物将其喂得饱胀，几分钟后，再让鸟重新找寻储备的食物，结果，鸟儿的选择发生了变化，recover“重新找到”可以与空格后的their storage“它们储备的食物”搭配使用，故[G]为答案。 知识模块：完形
18． 【C8】
正确答案：E
解析：根据空格前的a以及空格后的of可知，该空缺少名词。由空格所在句上文的The findingmatters because the birds seem to plan ahead for what they will want later，even though theirchoice conflicts with what they want now．可推知，该实验提示人们要重新估量动物是如何感知这个世界的，故[E]reassessment“重新估计”为答案。 知识模块：完形
19． 【C9】
正确答案：A
解析：由句子结构可知，该空缺少形容词。由上文对于实验的介绍可以推知本句句意为：无法找到这样的实验对象时，谁可以解释这些鸟类的想法呢?故[A]experimental“实验的”为答案。 知识模块：完形
20． 【C10】
正确答案：K 解析：由句子结构可知，此处缺少动词。空格所在的部分：是前面协develop ever more cunningexperiments的目的，空格后的complex mental processes是来自于from后的simple behavior的，备选动词中的infer可以与from搭配，意为“从……推断出……”，故[K]为答案。 知识模块：完形
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