MT9M001C12STM (Monochrome)
For the latest data sheet, refer to Micron’s Web site: www.micron.com\\imaging
Features
•DigitalClarity™ CMOS Imaging Technology
•Array Format (5:4): 1,280H x 1,024V (1,310,720 active pixels). Total (incl. dark pixels): 1,312H x 1,048V (1,374,976 pixels)
•Frame Rate: 30 fps progressive scan; programmable•Shutter: Electronic Rolling Shutter (ERS)
•Window Size: SXGA; programmable to any smaller format (VGA, QVGA, CIF, QCIF, etc.)
•Programmable Controls: Gain, frame rate, frame size
Table 1: Key Performance Parameters
Parameter
Optical formatActive imager sizeActive pixelsPixel sizeShutter type
Maximum data rate/master clockFrameSXGArate(1280 x 1024)ADC resolutionResponsivityDynamic rangeSNRMAX
Supply voltagePower consumptionOperating temperaturePackaging
Typical Value
1/2-inch (5:4)
6.66mm(H) x 5.32mm(V)1,280H x 1,024V5.2µm x 5.2µm
Electronic rolling shutter (ERS)48 MPS/48 MHz
30 fps progressive scan;programmable10-bit, on-chip2.1 V/lux-sec68.2dB45dB
3.0V−3.6V, 3.3V nominal325mW at 3.3V;Standby 275µW0°C to +70°C 48-pin CLCC
Applications
•Digital still cameras•Digital video cameras•PCcameras
The Micron® Imaging MT9M001 is an SXGA-formatwith a 1/2-inch CMOS active-pixel digital image sen-sor. The active imaging pixel array of 1,280H x 1,024V. Itincorporates sophisticated camera functions on-chipsuch as windowing, column and row skip mode, andsnapshot mode. It is programmable through a simpletwo-wire serial interface.
This megapixel CMOS image sensor features Digital-Clarity—Micron’s breakthrough low-noise CMOSimaging technology that achieves CCD image quality(based on signal-to-noise ratio and low-light sensitiv-ity) while maintaining the inherent size, cost, and inte-gration advantages of CMOS.
General Description
The sensor can be operated in its default mode or pro-grammed by the user for frame size, exposure, gain set-ting, and other parameters. The default mode outputsan SXGA-size image at 30 frames per second (fps). Anon-chip analog-to-digital converter (ADC) provides 10bits per pixel. FRAME_VALID and LINE_VALID signalsare output on dedicated pins, along with a pixel clockthat is synchronous with valid data.
Ordering Information
Table 2: Available Part Numbers
Part NumberMT9M001C12STM
Description46-pin CLCC
80a3e031
MT9M001_DS_1.fm-Rev. C 7/05 EN
1
Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice.
©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Products and specifications discussed herein are subject to change by Micron without notice.
MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorTable of ContentsTable of Contents
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1List of Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3List of Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4GeneralDescription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5PixelDataFormat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Pixel Array Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Output Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Output Data Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Frame Timing Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9SerialBusDescription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Bus Idle State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Start Bit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Stop Bit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Slave Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Data Bit Transfer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Acknowledge Bit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11No-Acknowledge Bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Two-WireSerialInterfaceSampleWriteandReadSequences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1216-Bit Write Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1216-Bit Read Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Register Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13FeatureDescription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Signal Path. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Programmable Gain Stage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Programmable Analog Offset Stage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Column and Row Mirror Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Column and Row Skip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Black Level Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23Still Image Capture with External Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25LINE_VALID Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25ElectricalSpecifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26Data Output and Propagation Delays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26Two-wire Serial Bus Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28Quantum Efficiency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29Image Center Offset and Orientation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30RevisionHistory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32Rev C, 06/2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32Rev B, 05/2005. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32Rev A, Preliminary 11/2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
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Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice.
©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorList of TablesList of Tables
Table 1:Table 2:Table 2:Table 3:Table 4:Table 5:Table 6:Table 7:Table 8:Table 9:Table 10:Table 11:Table 12:
Key Performance Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Available Part Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Frame Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Frame Time—Long Integration Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Register List and Default Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Register Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14Recommended Gain Settings at 48 MHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Black Level Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26AC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27Absolute Maximum Ratings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27Optical Area Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
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Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice.
©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorList of FiguresList of Figures
Figure 1:Figure 2:Figure 3:Figure 4:Figure 5:Figure 6:Figure 7:Figure 8:Figure 9:Figure 10:Figure 11:Figure 12:Figure 13:Figure 14:Figure 15:Figure 16:Figure 17:Figure 18:Figure 19:Figure 20:Figure 21:Figure 22:Figure 23:Figure 24:Figure 25:Figure 26:Figure 27:
48-Pin CLCC Package Pinout Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Pixel Array Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Pixel Pattern Detail (Top Right Corner) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Spatial Illustration of Image Readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Timing Example of Pixel Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Row Timing and FRAME_VALID/LINE_VALID Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Timing Diagram Showing a Write to Reg0x09 with the Value 0x0284. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Timing Diagram Showing a Read from Reg0x09; Returned Value 0x0284. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Signal Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Readout of Six Columns in Normal and Column Mirror Output Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Readout of Six Rows in Normal and Row Mirror Output Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Readout of Eight Pixels in Normal and Column Skip Output Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Black Level Calibration Flow Chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22General Timing for Snapshot Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Different LINE_VALID Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Data Output Timing Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26Serial Host Interface Start Condition Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28Serial Host Interface Stop Condition Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28Serial Host Interface Data Timing for Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28Serial Host Interface Data Timing for Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28Acknowledge Signal Timing After an 8-Bit Write to the Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29Acknowledge Signal Timing After an 8-Bit Read from the Sensor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29Quantum Efficiency—Monochrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29Image Center Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30Optical Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3048-pin CLCC Package Outline Drawing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
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Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice.
©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorGeneralDescriptionGeneralDescription
Figure 1: 48-Pin CLCC Package Pinout Diagram
VAAPIXDGNDSDATA45AGNDAGNDNC65432148474644DGND43424140393837363534333231SCLKVDDNCNCNCSTANDBYTRIGGERNCRESET#NCNCOE#NCAGNDVAAAGNDAGND789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930NCFRAME_VALIDLINE_VALIDSTROBEDGNDVDDDOUT<9>DOUT<8>DOUT<7>DOUT<6>DOUT<5>PIXCLKVAAVDDDOUT<0>DOUT<1>DOUT<2>DOUT<3>DOUT<4>CLKINAGNDFigure 2: Block Diagram
DGNDNCControl RegisterActive-PixelSensor (APS)ArraySXGA1,280H x 1,024VTiming and ControlAnalog ProcessingADC80a3e031
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Micron Technology, Inc., reserves the right to change products or specifications without notice.
©2004 Micron Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
NCTwo-wire serialInput/OutputClockSyncSignals10-bit Data MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorGeneralDescriptionTable 2: Pin Descriptions
Pin Numbers
2913
SymbolCLKINOE#
TypeInputInput
Description
Clock in. Master clock into sensor (48 MHz maximum).
Output enable. OE# when HIGH places outputs DOUT<0:9>,
FRAME_VALID, LINE_VALID, PIXCLK, and STROBE into a tri-state configuration.
Reset. Activates (LOW) asynchronous reset of sensor. All registers assume factory defaults.
Serial clock. Clock for serial interface.
Standby. Activates (HIGH) standby mode, disables analog bias circuitry for power saving mode.
Trigger. Activates (HIGH) snapshot sequence.
Serial data. Serial data bus, requires 1.5KΩ resistor to 3.3V for pull-up. Data out. Pixel data output bits 0:9, DOUT<9> (MSB), DOUT<0> (LSB).Frame valid. Output is pulsed HIGH during frame of valid pixel data.Line valid. Output is pulsed HIGH during line of selectable valid pixel data (see Reg0x20 for options).
Pixel clock. Pixel data outputs are valid during falling edge of this clock. Frequency = (master clock).
Strobe. Output is pulsed HIGH to indicate sensor reset operation of pixel array has completed.
Analog ground. Provide isolated ground for analog block and pixel array.
Digital ground. Provide isolated ground for digital block.
Analog power. Provide power supply for analog block, 3.3V ±0.3V.Analog pixel power. Provide power supply for pixel array, 3.3V ±0.3V (3.3V).
Digital power. Provide power supply for digital block, 3.3V ±0.3V.No connect. These pins must be left unconnected.
10467845
24–28, 32–36
4140
3139
15,17,18,21, 47,
485,23,38,4316,2014,22,372,3,6,9,11,12, 14,19,30,42,44
RESET#SCLKSTANDBYTRIGGERSDATADOUT<0–9>FRAME_VALIDLINE_VALID
PIXCLKSTROBEAGNDDGNDVAAVAAPIXVDDNC
InputInputInputInputInput/OutputOutputOutputOutputOutputOutputSupplySupplySupplySupplySupply—
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorPixelDataFormatPixelDataFormat
Pixel Array Structure
The MT9M001 pixel array is configured as 1,312 columns by 1,048 rows (shown in
Figure3). The first 16 columns and the first eight rows of pixels are optically black, and can be used to monitor the black level. The last seven columns and the last seven rows of pixels are also optically black. The black row data is used internally for the automatic black level adjustment. However, the black rows can also be read out by setting the sen-sor to raw data output mode (Reg0x20, bit 11 = 1). There are 1,289 columns by 1,033 rows of optically active pixels, which provides a four-pixel boundary around the SXGA (1,280x1,024) image.
Figure 3: Pixel Array Description
8 black rows(0, 0)7 black columnsSXGA (1,280 x 1,024)+ 4 pixel boundary+ additional active column+ additional active row= 1,289 x 1,033 active pixels16 black columns(1311, 1047)7 black rowsFigure 4: Pixel Pattern Detail (Top Right Corner)
column readout direction...black pixelsPixel(8, 16)eeeoeeeoeeeoeerowreadoutdirectionoeoooeoooeoooe...eeeoeeeoeeeoeeoeoooeoooeoooeeeeoeeeoeeeoeeoeoooeoooeoooeOutput Data Format
The MT9M001 image data is read out in a progressive scan. Valid image data is sur-rounded by horizontal blanking and vertical blanking, as shown in Figure5. The amount of horizontal blanking and vertical blanking is programmable through Reg0x05 and Reg0x06, respectively. LINE_VALID is HIGH during the shaded region of the figure. FRAME_VALID timing is described in “Output Data Timing” on page8.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorPixelDataFormatFigure 5: Spatial Illustration of Image Readout
P0,0 P0,1 P0,2.....................................P0,n-1 P0,nP1,0 P1,1 P1,2.....................................P1,n-1 P1,n00 00 00 .................. 00 00 0000 00 00 .................. 00 00 00VALID IMAGEHORIZONTALBLANKING Pm-1,0 Pm-1,1.....................................Pm-1,n-1 Pm-1,n00 00 00 .................. 00 00 00Pm,0 Pm,1.....................................Pm,n-1 Pm,n00 00 00 .................. 00 00 0000 00 00 ..................................... 00 00 0000 00 00 ..................................... 00 00 00VERTICAL BLANKING00 00 00 ..................................... 00 00 0000 00 00 ..................................... 00 00 0000 00 00 .................. 00 00 0000 00 00 .................. 00 00 00VERTICAL/HORIZONTALBLANKING 00 00 00 .................. 00 00 0000 00 00 .................. 00 00 00Output Data Timing
The data output of the MT9M001 is synchronized with the PIXCLK output. When LINE_VALID is HIGH, one 10-bit pixel datum is output every PIXCLK period.
Figure 6: Timing Example of Pixel Data
. . . . LINE_VALID. . . . PIXCLKBlankingValid Image Data. . . . BlankingDOUT9-DOUT0P0(9:0)P1(9:0)P2(9:0)P3(9:0)P4(9:0). . . . Pn-1(9:0)Pn(9:0)The rising edges of the PIXCLK signal are nominally timed to occur on the rising DOUT edges. This allows PIXCLK to be used as a clock to latch the data. DOUT data is valid on the falling edge of PIXCLK. The PIXCLK is HIGH while master clock is HIGH and then LOW while master clock is LOW. It is continuously enabled, even during the blanking period. The parameters P1, A P2, and Q in Figure7 are defined in Table3.
Figure 7: Row Timing and FRAME_VALID/LINE_VALID Signals
. . .FRAME_VALIDLINE_VALIDP1 A Q. . .. . .Number of master clocksA QAP2 80a3e031
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorPixelDataFormatFrame Timing FormulasTable 3: Frame Timing
ParameterAP1P2
Q = P1 + P2A + QV
NROWS x (A + Q)F
Name
Active Data Time
Equation (MASTER CLOCK)(Reg0x04 + 1)
Default Timing1,280 pixel clocks= 26.7µs
242 pixel clocks= 5.04µs
2 pixel clocks= 0.042µs
244 pixel clocks= 5.08µs
1,524 pixel clocks = 31.75µs
39,624 pixel clocks= 825.5µs
1,560,576 pixel clocks= 32.51ms
1,600,200 pixel clocks= 33.34ms
Notes1
Frame Start Blanking(242)Frame End BlankingHorizontal Blanking Row TimeVertical BlankingFrame Valid TimeTotal Frame Time
(2 + Reg0x05 - 19)
(MIN Reg0x05 value = 19)(244 + Reg0x05 - 19)
(MIN Reg0x05 value = 19)
((Reg0x04 + 1) + (244 + Reg0x05 - 19))(Reg0x06 + 1) x (A + Q)(MIN Reg0x06 value = 15)(Reg0x03 + 1) x (A + Q)
(Reg0x03 + 1 + Reg0x06 + 1) x (A + Q)
22
Notes:1.Row skip mode should have no effect on the integration time. Column skip mode changes
the effective value of Column Size (Reg0x04) as follows:Column Skip 2 => R4eff = (int(R4 / 4) x 2) + 1Column Skip 4 => R4eff = (int(R4 / 8) x 2) + 1Column Skip 8 => R4eff = (int(R4 / 16) x 2) + 1
where the int() function truncates to the next lowest integer. Now use R4eff in the equa-tion for row time instead of R4
2.Default for Reg0x05 = 9. However, sensor ignores any value for Reg0x05 less than 19.
Sensor timing is shown above in terms of pixel clock and master clock cycles (please refer to Figure6). The recommended master clock frequency is 48 MHz. The vertical blank and total frame time equations assume that the number of integration rows (bits 13 through 0 of Reg0x09) is less than the number of active plus blanking rows (Reg0x03 + 1 + Reg0x06 + 1). If this is not the case, the number of integration rows must be used instead to determine the frame time, as shown in Table4.
Table 4: Frame Time—Long Integration Time
Parameter
V’F’
Name
Equation (master clock)
Default Timing 39,624 pixel clocks = 82.5µs
1,600,200 pixel clocks= 33.34ms
Vertical Blanking (long integration time)(Reg0x09 – Reg0x03) x (A + Q)Total Frame Time (long integration time)(Reg0x09 + 1) x (A + Q)
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorSerialBusDescriptionSerialBusDescription
Registers are written to and read from the MT9M001 through the two-wire serial inter-face bus. The sensor is a two-wire serial interface slave and is controlled by the serial clock (SCLK), which is driven by the serial interface master. Data is transferred into and out of the MT9M001 through the serial data (SDATA) line. The SDATA line is pulled up to 3.3V off-chip by a 1.5KΩ resistor. Either the slave or master device can pull the SDATA line down—the serial interface protocol determines which device is allowed to pull the SDATA line down at any given time.
The two-wire serial interface defines several different transmission codes, as follows:•••••
astartbit
the slave device eight-bit address a(an) (no) acknowledge bitan 8-bit messageastopbit
Protocol
Sequence
A typical read or write sequence begins by the master sending a start bit. After the start bit, the master sends the slave device's eight-bit address. The last bit of the address
determines if the request will be a read or a write, where a “0” indicates a write and a “1” indicates a read. The slave device acknowledges its address by sending an acknowledge bit back to the master.
If the request was a write, the master then transfers the 8-bit register address to which a write should take place. The slave sends an acknowledge bit to indicate that the register address has been received. The master then transfers the data eight bits at a time, with the slave sending an acknowledge bit after each eight bits. The MT9M001 uses 16-bit data for its internal registers, thus requiring two 8-bit transfers to write to one register. After 16 bits are transferred, the register address is automatically incremented, so that the next 16 bits are written to the next register address. The master stops writing by sending a start or stop bit.
A typical read sequence is executed as follows. First the master sends the write-mode slave address and 8-bit register address, just as in the write request. The master then sends a start bit and the read-mode slave address. The master then clocks out the regis-ter data eight bits at a time. The master sends an acknowledge bit after each 8-bit trans-fer. The register address is auto-incremented after every 16 bits is transferred. The data transfer is stopped when the master sends a no-acknowledge bit.
Bus Idle State
The bus is idle when both the data and clock lines are HIGH. Control of the bus is initi-ated with a start bit, and the bus is released with a stop bit. Only the master can generate the start and stop bits.
Start Bit
The start bit is defined as a HIGH-to-LOW transition of the data line while the clock line is HIGH.
Stop Bit
The stop bit is defined as a LOW-to-HIGH transition of the data line while the clock line is HIGH.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorSerialBusDescriptionSlave Address
The 8-bit address of a two-wire serial interface device consists of seven bits of address and 1 bit of direction. A “0” (0xBA) in the LSB (least significant bit) of the address indi-cates the write mode, and a “1” (0xBB) indicates read mode.
Data Bit Transfer
One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The serial interface clock pulse is provided by the master. The data must be stable during the HIGH period of the two-wire serial interface clock—it can only change when the serial clock is LOW. Data is trans-ferred eight bits at a time, followed by an acknowledge bit.
Acknowledge Bit
The master generates the acknowledge clock pulse. The transmitter (which is the master when writing, or the slave when reading) releases the data line, and the receiver indi-cates an acknowledge bit by pulling the data line LOW during the acknowledge clock pulse.
No-Acknowledge Bit
The no-acknowledge bit is generated when the data line is not pulled down by the
receiver during the acknowledge clock pulse. A no-acknowledge bit is used to terminate a read sequence.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorTwo-WireSerialInterfaceSampleWriteandReadSequencesTwo-WireSerialInterfaceSampleWriteandReadSequences
16-Bit Write Sequence
A typical write sequence for writing 16 bits to a register is shown in Figure8. A start bit given by the master, followed by the write address, starts the sequence. The image sensor will then give an acknowledge bit and expects the register address to come first, followed by the 16-bit data. After each eight-bit transfer, the image sensor will give an acknowl-edge bit. All 16 bits must be written before the register will be updated. After 16 bits are transferred, the register address is automatically incremented so that the next 16 bits are written to the next register. The master stops writing by sending a start or stop bit.
Figure 8: Timing Diagram Showing a Write to Reg0x09 with the Value 0x0284
SCLKSDATA0xBA ADDRSTARTACKReg0x09ACK0000 0010ACK1000 0100ACKSTOP16-Bit Read Sequence
A typical read sequence is shown in Figure9. First the master has to write the register address, as in a write sequence. Then a start bit and the read address specifies that a read is about to happen from the register. The master then clocks out the register data eight bits at a time. The master sends an acknowledge bit after each eight-bit transfer. The reg-ister address should be incremented after every 16 bits is transferred. The data transfer is stopped when the master sends a no-acknowledge bit.
Figure 9: Timing Diagram Showing a Read from Reg0x09; Returned Value 0x0284
SCLKSDATA0xBA ADDRSTARTACKReg0x09ACK0xBB ADDRACK0000 0010ACK1000 0100NACKSTOP80a3e031
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRegistersRegisters
Register Map
Table 5: Register List and Default Values
Register # (Hex)
0x000x010x020x030x040x050x060x070x090x0B0x0C0x0D0x1E0x200x2B0x2C0x2D0x2E0x350x5F0x600x610x620x630x640xF1
Description
Chip VersionRow StartColumn Start
Row Size (Window Height)Col Size (Window Width)Horizontal BlankingVertical BlankingOutput ControlShutter Width
RestartShutter Delay
Reset
Read Options 1Read Options 2
Even Row, Even ColumnOdd Row, Even ColumnEven Row, Odd ColumnOdd Row, Odd Column
Global GainCal Threshold
Even Row, Even ColumnOdd Row, Odd Column
Cal Ctrl
Even Row, Odd ColumnOdd Row, Even Column
Chip EnableNote:
1 = always 10 = always 0
d = programmable
Data Format (Binary)1000 0100 0001 00010000 0ddd dddd dddd0000 0ddd dddd dddd0000 0ddd dddd dddd0000 0ddd dddd dddd0000 0ddd dddd dddd0000 0ddd dddd dddd0000 0000 0d00 00dd00dd dddd dddd dddd0000 0000 0000 000d0000 0ddd dddd dddd0000 0000 0000 000d1000 dddd 00dd dd00dd01 0dd1 d00d d10d0000 0000 0ddd dddd0000 0000 0ddd dddd0000 0000 0ddd dddd0000 0000 0ddd dddd0000 0000 0ddd dddddddd dddd d0dd dddd0000 000d dddd dddd0000 000d dddd ddddd00d d100 1001 1ddd0000 000d dddd dddd0000 000d dddd dddd0000 0000 0000 00dd
Default Value (Hex)
0x84310x000C0x00140x03FF0x04FF0x00090x00190x00020x04190x00000x00000x00000x80000x11040x00080x00080x00080x00080x00080x09040x00000x00000x04980x00000x00000x0001
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRegistersTable 6: Register Description
Register
Bit
Description
Chip ID0x0015:0This register is read-only and gives the chip identification number: 0x8431.Window Control
These registers control the size of the window.0x0110:0First row to be read out—default = 0x000C (12).0x0210:0First column to be read out—default = 0x0014 (20).
Register value must be an even number.
0x0310:0Window height (number of rows - 1)—default = 0x03FF (1023).
Minimum value for 0x03 = 0x0002.
0x0410:0Window width (number of columns - 1)—default = 0x04FF (1279).
Register value must be an odd number.Minimum value for 0x04 = 0x0003.
Blanking Control
These registers control the blanking time in a row (called column fill-in or horizontal blanking) and between frames (vertical blanking). Horizontal blanking is specified in terms of pixel clocks. Vertical blanking is specified in terms of row readout times. The actual imager timing can be calculated using Table3, Frame Timing, on page9. 0x0510:0Horizontal Blanking—default = 0x0009 (9 pixels).0x0610:0Vertical Blanking—default = 0x0019 (25 rows).Output Control
This register controls various features of the output format for the sensor. 0x070Synchronize changes (copied to Reg0xF1, bit1).
0 = normal operation. Update changes to registers that affect image brightness (integration time, integration delay, gain, horizontal blanking and vertical blanking, window size, row/column skip or row mirror) at the next frame boundary. The “frame boundary” is 8 row_times before the rising edge of FRAME_VALID. (If “Show Dark Rows” is set, it will be coincident with the rising edge of FRAME_VALID.)
1 = do not update any changes to these settings until this bit is returned to “0.”
1Chip Enable (copied to Reg0xF1, bit0).
1 = normal operation.
0 = stop sensor readout. When this is returned to “1,” sensor readout restarts at the starting row in a new frame. The digital power consumption can then also be reduced to less than 5uA by turning off the master clock.
2Reserved—default is 0; set to zero at all times.3Reserved—default is 0; set to zero at all times.6Use Test Data.
When set, a test pattern will be output instead of the sampled image from the sensor array. The value sent to the DOUT[9:0] pins will alternate between the Test Data register (Reg0x32) in even columns and the inverse of the Test Data register for odd columns. The output “image” will have the same width, height, and frame rate as it would otherwise have. No digital processing (gain or offset) is applied to the data. When clear (the default), sampled pixel values are output normally.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRegistersTable 6: Register Description (continued)
Register
Bit
Description
Pixel Integration Control
These registers (along with the window sizing and blanking registers) control the integration time for the pixels. The actual total integration time (tINT) is:
tINT = Reg0x09 x row time - overhead time - reset delay, where:Row time = ((Reg0x04 + 1) + 244 + Reg0x05 - 19) pixel clock periodsOverhead time = 180 pixel clock periods
Reset delay = 4 x Reg0x0C pixel clock periods
If the value in Reg0x0C exceeds (row time - 548)/4 pixel clock cycles, the row time will be extended by (4 x Reg0x0C - (row time - 548)) pixel clock cycles.
In this expression, the row time term, Reg0x09 x ((number of columns) + 244 + horizontal blanking register - 19),
corresponds to the number of rows integrated. The overhead time (180 pixel clocks) is the overhead time between the READ cycle and the RESET cycle, and the final term is the effect of the reset delay.
Typically, the value of Reg0x09 is limited to the number of rows per frame (which includes vertical blanking rows) such that the frame rate is not affected by the integration time. If Reg0x09 is increased beyond the total number of rows per frame, the MT9M001 will add additional blanking rows as needed. A second constraint is that tINT must be adjusted to avoid banding in the image from light flicker. Under 60Hz flicker, this means tINT must be a multiple of 1/120 of a second. Under 50Hz flicker, tINT must be a multiple of 1/100 of a second.0x0913:0Number of rows of integration—default = 0x0419 (1049).0x0C10:0Shutter delay—default = 0x0000 (0). This is the number of master clocks times four that the timing
and control logic waits before asserting the reset for a given row.
Frame Restart0x0B0Setting bit 0 to “1” of Reg0x0B will cause the sensor to abandon the readout of the current frame
and restart from the first row. This register automatically resets itself to 0x0000 after the frame restart. The first frame after this event is considered to be a \"bad frame\" (see description for Reg0x20, bit0).
Reset0x0D0This register is used to reset the sensor to its default, power-up state. To put the MT9M001 in reset
mode first write a “1” into bit 0 of this register, then write a “0” into bit 0 to resume operation.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRegistersTable 6: Register Description (continued)
Register
Bit
Description
Read Mode 1
In read mode 1, this register is used to control many aspects of the readout of the sensor. 0x1E0Reserved—default is 0; set to zero at all times.
1Reserved—default is 0; set to zero at all times.2Column Skip 4—default is 0 (disable).
1 = enable.
3Row Skip 4—default is 0 (disable).
1 = enable.
4Column Skip 8—default is 0 (disable).
1 = enable.
5Row Skip 8—default is 0 (disable).
1 = enable.
6Reserved—default is 0; do not change.7Reserved—default is 0; do not change.8Snapshot Mode—default is 0 (continuous mode).
1 = enable (wait for TRIGGER; TRIGGER can come from outside signal (TRIGGER pin on the sensor) or from serial interface register restart, i.e. programming a “1” to bit 0 of Reg0x0B.
9STROBE Enable—default is 0 (no STROBE signal).
1 = enable STROBE (signal output from the sensor during the time all rows are integrating. See STROBE width for more information).
10STROBE Width—default is 0 (STROBE signal width at minimum length, 1 row of integration time,
prior to line valid going HIGH).
1 = extend STROBE width (STROBE signal width extends to entire time all rows are integrating).
11Strobe Override—default is 0 (STROBE signal created by digital logic).
1 = override STROBE signal (STROBE signal is set HIGH when this bit is set, LOW when this bit is set LOW. It is assumed that STROBE enable is set to “0” if STROBE override is being used).
12Reserved—default is 0; do not change.13Reserved—default is 0; do not change.14Reserved—default is 0; do not change.15Reserved—default is 1; do not change.
Gain Settings
The gain is individually controllable for each of the four groups of pixels that lie in odd rows and columns, even rows and columns, odd rows and even columns, and even rows and odd columns. This is shown in the register chart. Formula for gain setting:Gain ≤ 8
Gain = (bit[6] + 1) x (bit[5-0] x 0.125)
Gain > 8 (bit[6] = 1 and bit[5] = 1)
Gain = 8.0 + bit[2-0]
Since bit[6] of the gain registers are multiplicative factors for the gain settings, there are alternative ways of achieving certain gains. Some settings offer superior noise performance to others, despite the same overall gain. The following lists the recommended gain settings:
Gain Increments Recommended Settings1.000 to 4.000 0.125 0x08 to 0x204.25 to 8.00 0.25 0x51 to 0x609.0 to 15.0 1.0 0x61 to 0x670x2B6:0Even row, even column—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain.0x2C
6:0
Odd row, even column—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRegistersTable 6: Register Description (continued)
Register0x2D0x2E0x35Test Data0x32
Bit6:06:06:011:2
Description
Even row, odd column—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain.Odd row, odd column—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain.
Global gain—default = 0x08 (8) = 1x gain. This register can be used to set all four gains at once.Test Data.
The value used to produce a test pattern in “Use Test Data” mode (Reg0x07 bit 6).
Read Mode 2
This register is used to control many aspects of the readout of the sensor. 0x200No bad frames—1 = output all frames (including bad frames).
0 (default) = only output good frames. A bad frame is defined as the first frame following a change to: window size or position, horizontal blanking, row or column skip, or mirroring.
1Reserved—default is 0; do not change.2Reserved—default is 1; set to “1” at all times.3Column skip—1= read out two columns, and then skip two columns (for example, col 0, col 1, col 4,
col 5…).
0 = normal readout (default).
4Row skip—1 = read out two rows, and then skip two rows (for example, row 0, row 1, row 4, row
5…).
0 = normal readout (default).
5Reserved—default is 0; do not change.6Reserved—default is 0; set to zero at all times.7Flip Row—1 = readout starting 1 row later (alternate color pair).
0 (default) = normal readout.
8Reserved—default is 1; set to “1” at all times.91 = \"Continuous\" LINE_VALID (continue producing LINE_VALID during vertical blanking).
0 = normal LINE_VALID (default, no LINE_VALID during vertical blanking).
101 = LINE_VALID = \"Continuous\" LINE_VALID XOR FRAME_VALID.
0 = LINE_VALID determined by bit 9.
11Reserved—default is 0; do not change.12Reserved—default is 1; do not change.13Reserved—default is 0; do not change.14Reserved—default is 0; do not change.15Mirror Row—1 = read out from bottom to top (upside down).
0 (default) = normal readout (top to bottom).
Test Data0x3211:2Test Data.
The value used to produce a test pattern in “Use Test Data” mode (Reg0x07 bit 6).
Black Level Calibration
These registers are used in the black level calibration. Their functionality is described in detail in the next section.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRegistersTable 6: Register Description (continued)
Register0x5F
Bit5:07
Description
Thres_lo—Lower threshold for black level in ADC LSBs—default = 000100.
1 = override automatic Thres_hi and Thres_lo adjust (Thres_hi always = bits 14:8; Thres_lo always = bits 5:0).
Default = 0 = Automatic Thres_hi and Thres_lo adjustment.
Thres_hi—Maximum allowed black level in ADC LSBs (default = Thres_lo + 5).
Black level maximum is set to this value when bit 7 = 1; black level maximum is reset to this value after every black level average restart if bit 15 = 1 and bit 7 = 0.No gain dependence.
1 = Thres_lo is set by the programmed value of bits 5:0, Thres_hi is reset to the programmed value (bits 14:8) after every black level average restart.
0 = Thres_lo and Thres_hi are set automatically, as described above.
Even row, even column—analog offset correction value for even row, even column, bits 0:7 sets magnitude, bit 8 set sign. 0 = positive; 1 = negative.
two’s complement, if bit 8 = 1, Offset = bits [0:7] - 256.
Odd row, odd column—analog offset correction value for odd row, odd column, bits 0:7 sets magnitude, bit 8 set sign.0 = positive; 1 = negative.
two’s complement, if bit 8 = 1, Offset = bits [0:7] - 256.Manual override of black level correction.
1 = override automatic black level correction with programmed values.0 = normal operation (default).
Force/disable black level calibration.
00 = apply black level calibration during ADC operation only (default).10 = apply black level calibration continuously.
X1= disable black level correction (Offset Correction Voltage = 0.0V).(In this case, no black level correction is possible).Reserved—default is 1; do not change.Reserved—default is 0; do not change.Reserved—default is 1; do not change.Reserved—default is 0; do not change.Reserved—default is 1; do not change.
1 = do not reset the upper threshold after a black level recalculation sweep.0 = reset the upper threshold after a black level recalculation sweep (default).
1 = start a new running digitally filtered average for the black level (this is internally reset to “0” immediately), and do a rapid sweep to find the new starting point.0 = normal operation (default).
Reserved—default is 0; set to zero at all times.
1 = do not perform the rapid black level sweep on new gain settings.0 = normal operation.
Even row, odd column—analog offset correction value for even row, odd column, bits 0:7 sets magnitude, bit 8 set sign.0 = positive; 1 = negative.
two’s complement, if bit 8 = 1, Offset = bits [0:7] - 256.
Odd row, even column—analog offset correction value for odd row, even column, bits 0:7 sets magnitude, bit 8 set sign. 0 = positive; 1 = negative.
two’s complement, if bit 8 = 1, Offset = bits [0:7] - 256.
14:8
15
0x608:0
0x618:0
0x620
2:1
4:36:579:8101112
14:315
0x63
8:0
0x648:0
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRegistersTable 6: Register Description (continued)
Register
Bit
Description
Chip Enable and Two-Wire Serial Interface Write Synchronize.0xF10Mirrors the functionality of Reg0x07 bit1 (Chip Enable).
1 = normal operation.
0 = stop sensor readout; when this is returned to “1,” sensor readout restarts at the starting row in a new frame.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorFeatureDescriptionFeatureDescription
Signal Path
The MT9M001 signal path consists of two stages, a programmable gain stage and a pro-grammable analog offset stage.
Programmable Gain Stage
A total programmable gain of 15 is available and can be calculated using the following formula:
Gain 1 to 8: Gain = (bit[6] + 1) x (bit[5:0] x 0.125)
For gain higher than eight, the user would need to set bit[6:5] = 11 and use the lower 3 LSB's bit[2:0] to set the higher gain values. The formula for obtaining gain greater than eight is as follows:Total gain = 8 + bit[2:0]
For example, for total gain = 12, the value to program is bit[6–0] = 1100100.The maximum total gain = 15, i.e. bit[6:0] = 1100111.
The gain circuitry in the MT9M001 is designed to offer signal gains from one to 15. The minimum gain of one corresponds to the lowest setting where the pixel signal is guaran-teed to saturate the ADC under all specified operating conditions. Any reduction of the gain below this value may cause the sensor to saturate at ADC output values less than the maximum, under certain conditions. It is recommended that this guideline be fol-lowed at all times.
Since bit[6] of the gain registers are multiplicative factors for the gain settings, there are alternative ways of achieving certain gains. Some settings offer superior noise perfor-mance to others, despite the same overall gain. Recommended gain settings are listed in Table7.
Figure 10: Signal Path
Gain Selection(Reg0x2B - 0x2E)Pixel Output(signalminus reset)X+10-bit ADCADC Data(9:0)Offset Correction Voltage(Reg0x60, Reg0x61,Reg0x63, Reg0x64)(signed lower 9 bits) x 2mVTable 7: Recommended Gain Settings at 48 MHz
Nominal Gain1 to 4.0004.25 to 8.009 to 15
Increments
0.1250.251.0
Recommended Settings
0x08 to 0x200x51 to 0x600x61 to 0x67
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorFeatureDescriptionProgrammable Analog Offset Stage
The programmable analog offset stage corrects for analog offset that might be present in the analog signal. The user would need to program register 0x62 appropriately to enable the analog offset correction.
The lower eight bits (bit[7:0]) determines the absolute value of the analog offset to be corrected and bit[8] determines the sign of the correction. When bit[8] is “1”, the sign of the correction is negative and vice versa. The analog value of the correction relative to the analog gain stage can be determined from the following formula:Analog offset (bit[8] = 0) = bit[7:0] x 2mVAnalog offset (bit[8] = 1) = - (bit[7:0] x 2mV)
Column and Row Mirror Image
By setting bit 14 of Reg0x20, the readout order of the columns will be reversed, as shown in Figure11.
Figure 11: Readout of Six Columns in Normal and Column Mirror Output Mode
LINE_VALIDNormal readoutDOUT9–DOUT0Reverse readoutDOUT9–DOUT0Col5(9:0)Col4(9:0)Col3(9:0)Col2(9:0)Col1(9:0)Col0(9:0)Col0(9:0)Col1(9:0)Col2(9:0)Col3(9:0)Col4(9:0)Col5(9:0)By setting bits 15 of Reg0x20 the readout order of the rows will be reversed, as shown in Figure12.
Figure 12: Readout of Six Rows in Normal and Row Mirror Output Mode
FRAME_VALIDNormal readoutDOUT9–DOUT0Reverse readoutDOUT9–DOUT0Row5(9:0)Row4(9:0)Row3(9:0)Row2(9:0)Row1(9:0)Row0(9:0)Row0(9:0)Row1(9:0)Row2(9:0)Row3(9:0)Row4(9:0)Row5(9:0)Column and Row Skip
By setting bit 3 of Reg0x20, only half of the columns set will be read out. An example is shown in Figure13. Only columns with bit 1 equal to “0” will be read out (xxxxxxx0x). The row skip works in the same way and will only read out rows with bit 1 equal to “0.” Row skip mode is enabled by setting bit 4 of Reg0x20. For both row and column skips, the number of rows or columns read out will be half of what is set in Reg0x03 or Reg0x04, respectively.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorFeatureDescriptionFigure 13: Readout of Eight Pixels in Normal and Column Skip Output Mode
LINE_VALIDNormal readoutDOUT9–DOUT0G0(9:0)R0(9:0)G1(9:0)R1(9:0)G2(9:0)R2(9:0)G3(9:0)R3(9:0)LINE_VALIDColumn skip readoutDOUT9–DOUT0G0(9:0)R0(9:0)G2(9:0)R2(9:0)Black Level Calibration
The MT9M001 has automatic black level calibration on-chip which can be overridden by the user, as described below and shown in Figure14.
The automatic black level calibration measures the average value of 256 pixels from two dark rows of the chip for each of the four colors. The pixels are averaged as if they were light-sensitive and passed through the appropriate color gain. This average is then digi-tally filtered over many frames.
For each color, the new filtered average is compared to a minimum acceptable level (to screen for too low a black level) and a maximum acceptable level. If the average is lower than the minimum acceptable level, the offset correction voltage for that color is increased by one offset LSB (offset LSBs do not match ADC LSBs; typically, one offset LSB is approximately 2mV). If it is above the maximum level, the level is decreased by 1 LSB (2mV). The upper threshold is automatically adjusted upwards whenever an upward shift in the black level from below the minimum results in a new black level above the maximum. This prevents black level oscillation from below the minimum to above the maximum. The lower threshold is increased with the maximum gain setting according to the formula described under Reg0x5F. This prevents clipping of the black level.
Whenever the gain or any of the readout timing registers is changed (shutter width, ver-tical blanking, number of rows or columns, or the shutter delay) or if the black level recalculation bit, reset bit or restart bit is set, the running digitally filtered average is reset to the first average of the dark pixels. The digital filtering over many frames is then restarted. Whenever the gain or the readout timing registers are changed, the upper threshold is restored to its default value.
After changes to the sensor configuration, large shifts in the black level calibration can result. To quickly adapt to this shift, a rapid sweep of the black level during the dark-row readout is performed on the first frame after certain changes to the sensor registers. Any changes to the registers listed above will cause this recalculation. The data from this sweep allows the sensor to choose an accurate new starting point for the running aver-age. This procedure can be disabled as described under Reg0x5F.
Figure 14: Black Level Calibration Flow Chart
Gain Selection(color-wise)Pixel Output(signal minusreset)X+10-bit ADCADC Data(9:0)Offset Correction Voltage(color-wise)80a3e031
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRegisters Registers
Table 8: Black Level Registers
Register
bit
Description
Reg0x5F
This register controls the operation of the black level calibration thresholds.
15No gain dependence.
1 = Thres_lo is set by the programmed value of bits 5:0, Thres_hi is reset to the programmed value (bits 14:8) after every black level average restart.
0 = Thres_lo and Thres_hi are set automatically as described below.
14:8Thres_hi—maximum allowed black level in ADC LSBs (default = Thres_lo + 5).
Black level maximum is set to this value when bit 7 = 1, black level maximum is reset to this value after every black level average restart if bit 15 = 1 and bit 7 = 0.71 = override automatic Thres_hi and Thres_lo adjust (Thres_hi always = bits 14:8, Thres_lo always =
bits 5:0).
0 = automatic Thres_hi and Thres_lo adjustment.
5:0Thres_lo—Lower threshold for black level in ADC LSBs.
Under default automatic operation (bit 7 = 0, bit 15 = 0), Thres_lo = RegGainmax/4 x (RegGainmax, bit 6 +1) x (RegGainmax, bit 7 +1), where RegGainmax is the maximum of the four independent gain register settings.
Whenever a jump in the calibration causes the black level data to change from below Thres_lo to above Thres_hi, Thres_hi is adjusted according to the following:
If new black level < 64: Thres_hi = Thres_lo + 2 + (2 x Delta), where Delta = new black level -
Thres_lo
If new black level > 63 and < 119: Thres_hi = new black level + 4If new black level > 119: Thres_hi = 123
After any recalculation of the black level and average restart, Thres_hi is reset to either Thres_lo + 5 (automatic, default mode), Thres_hi (bit 7 = 1). Reg0x62, bit 11 will override this.
Reg0x62
This register is used to control the automatic black level calibration circuitry.
151 = do not perform the rapid black level sweep on new gain settings.
0 = normal operation.
14 Reserved—default is 0; do not change.
13121110:32:1
Reserved—default is 0; do not change.
1 = start a new running digitally filtered average for the black level (this is internally reset to “0”
immediately), and do a rapid sweep to find the new starting point.
1 = do not reset the upper threshold after a black level recalculation sweep.0 = reset the upper threshold after a black level recalculation sweep (default).Reserved—default is 1; do not change.
Force/disable black level calibration.
00 = apply black level calibration during ADC operation only (default).10 = apply black level calibration continuously.
X1 = disable black level correction (Offset Correction Voltage = Skew Voltage = 0.0V). (In this case, no black level correction is possible).Manual override of black level correction.
1 = override automatic black level correction with programmed values.0 = normal operation (default).
0
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRegistersRegisters
Table 8: Black Level Registers (continued)
RegisterReg0x60, Reg0x61, Reg0x63, Reg0x64
bit
Description
These registers contain the 9-bit signed black level calibration values. In normal operation, these values are calculated at the beginning of each frame. However, if Reg0x62, bit 0 is set to “1,” these registers can be written to, overriding the automatic black level calculation. This feature can be used in conjunction with readout of the black rows (Reg0x20, bit 11) if the user would like to use an external black level calibration circuit. The offset correction voltage is generated according to the following formula:
Offset Correction Voltage = (9-bit signed
calibration value, -256 to 255) x (2mV x Enable bit) two’s complement, if bit 8 = 1, Offset = bits [0:7] - 256
ADC input voltage = Pixel Output Voltage x Analog Gain - Offset Correction Voltage
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRegistersStill Image Capture with External Synchronization
In continuous mode video image capture, the TRIGGER signal should be held LOW or “0.” To capture a still image, the sensor must first be put into snapshot mode by pro-gramming a “1” in register 0x1E, bit 8. In snapshot mode, the sensor waits for a TRIGGER signal (FRAME_VALID, LINE_VALID signals are LOW, pixel clock signal continues). When the TRIGGER signal is received (active HIGH), one frame is read out (a TRIGGER signal can also be achieved by programming a restart—for example, program a “1” to bit 0 of Reg0x0B). The reset, readout timing for that frame will be the same as for a continu-ous frame with similar register settings; the only difference is that only one frame is read out. General timing for the snapshot mode is shown in Figure15.
Figure 15: General Timing for Snapshot Mode
TRIGGERReset Row 1Reset RowReset Row xMAX strobe length (all rows integrating)STROBEMIN strobe length (1 row time)ReadoutLINE_VALID Signal
By setting bit 9 and 10 of Reg0x20 the line valid signal can get three different output for-mats. The formats are shown when reading out four rows and two vertical blanking rows (Figure16). In the last format, the LINE_VALID signal is the XOR between the continu-ously LINE_VALID signal and the FRAME_VALID signal.
Figure 16: Different LINE_VALID Formats
DefaultFRAME_VALIDLINE_VALIDContinuouslyFRAME_VALIDLINE_VALIDXORFRAME_VALIDLINE_VALID80a3e031
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorElectricalSpecificationsElectricalSpecifications
Data Output and Propagation Delays
By default, the MT9M001 launches pixel data, FRAME_VALID and LINE_VALID with the rising edge of PIXCLK. The expectation is that the user captures DOUT[7:0], FRAME_VALID and LINE_VALID using the rising edge of PIXCLK.
Figure 17: Data Output Timing Diagram
tCLKINtRtFCLKINtCPPIXCLKtOStFVStLVSTtPDData[0-7]XXXP0 P1 P2 PNtOHXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXtPFLtPLLFrame Valid/Line ValidNote: Frame_Valid leads Line_Valid by 242 PIXCLKs.tPFHtPLHNote: Frame_Valid trailsLine_Valid (1+ Reg0x05-19) PIXCLKS.
Table 9: DC Electrical Characteristics
(DC Setup Conditions: fCLKIN = 48 MHz, VDD = 3.3V, VAA = 3.3V, VAAPIX = 3.3V, TA = 25°C)
SymbolVDDVAA
VAAPIXVIHVILIINVOHVOLIOZIDDIAAIAAPIX
Definition
Core digital voltageAnalog voltage
Pixel supply voltageInput high voltageInput low voltageInput leakage current
Output high voltageOutput low voltage
Tri-state output leakage currentDigital operating currentAnalog operating currentPixel supply current
Condition
Min333
VPWR - 0.3-0.3-15VPWR - 0.2
————
Typ3.33.33.3
Max3.63.63.6VPWR + 0.3
0.815
—0.2152411010
UnitsVVVVVµAVVµAmAmAmA
No Pull-up Resistor; VIN = VDD or DGND
20855
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorElectricalSpecificationsTable 9: DC Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(DC Setup Conditions: fCLKIN = 48 MHz, VDD = 3.3V, VAA = 3.3V, VAAPIX = 3.3V, TA = 25°C)
Symbol
Definition
Condition
STDBY = VDD, CLKIN = 0 MHzSTDBY = VDD, CLKIN = 48 MHzSTDBY = VDD
Min———
Typ95580
Max20125100
UnitsmAµAµA
ISTDBYDDigital standby currentISTDBYD Digital standby currentW/CLK
ISTDBYDAAnalog standby current
.
Table 10: AC Electrical Characteristics
(AC Setup Conditions: fCLKIN= 48 MHz, VDD = 3.3V, VAA = 3.3V, VAAPIX = 3.3V, Output Load = 30pF, TA = 25°C))
SymbolCLKIINtCLKINTtRtF
tfDefinition
Input clock frequencyInput clock periodPIXCLK period
Input clock rise timeInput clock fall timeClock duty cycle
CLKIN to PIXCLK propagation delayPIXCLK to data validPIXCLK to FV highPIXCLK to LV highPIXCLK to FV lowPIXCLK to LV low
Setup time for data before falling edge of PIXCLKHold time for data after falling edge of PIXCLKSetup time for FV before falling edge of PIXCLKSetup time for LV before falling edge of PIXCLKLoad capacitance
ConditionMin110001000—45/55——————T/2 -1T/2 -122
Typ———4450/5010—————T/2T/233
Max4820.8320.83
UnitMHznsnsV/nsV/ns%nsnsnsnsnsnsnsnsnsnspF
CPtPDtPFHtPLHtPFLtPLLtOStOHtFVStLVSCLOAD
55/45—17732T/2 +1T/2 +1——30
Table 11: Absolute Maximum Ratings
Rating
SymbolTOPTSTG1Note:
1
Parameter
Operating temperatureStorage temperature
MIN0–40
MAX70 125
Unit°C°C
Stresses greater than those listed may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Expo-sure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect reliability.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorElectricalSpecificationsTwo-wire Serial Bus Timing
The two-wire serial bus operation requires certain minimum master clock cycles between transitions. These are specified in the following diagrams in master clock cycles.
Figure 18: Serial Host Interface Start Condition Timing
5SCLK4SDATAFigure 19: Serial Host Interface Stop Condition Timing5SCLK4SDATANote:All timing are in units of master clock cycle.
Figure 20: Serial Host Interface Data Timing for Write
4SCLK4SDATANote:SDATA is driven by an off-chip transmitter.
Figure 21: Serial Host Interface Data Timing for Read
5SCLKSDATANote:
SDATA is pulled LOW by the sensor, or allowed to be pulled HIGH by a pull-up resistor off-chip.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorElectricalSpecificationsFigure 22: Acknowledge Signal Timing After an 8-Bit Write to the Sensor
6SCLKSensor pulls downSDATA pin3SDATAFigure 23: Acknowledge Signal Timing After an 8-Bit Read from the Sensor
7SCLKSensor tri-states SDATA pin(turns off pull down)6SDATANote:
After a read, the master receiver must pull down SDATA to acknowledge receipt of data bits. When read sequence is complete, the master must generate a no acknowledge by leaving SDATA to float HIGH. On the following cycle, a start or stop bit may be used.
Quantum Efficiency
Figure 24: Quantum Efficiency—Monochrome
Quantum Efficiency - Monochrome6050403020100350Quantum Efficiency (%)450550Wavelength (nm)650750850950105080a3e031
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorElectricalSpecificationsImage Center Offset and OrientationFigure 25: Image Center Offset
7.75mmPad 1Pixel (0,0)Pixel (12, 20)Pixel Array0.015mmImage Center0.712mm7.75mmBlack andBoundaryPixelsDie CenterTable 12: Optical Area Dimensions
Optical AreaSXGAChip Size, mm
Pixel
Center of pixel (20, 12)
Center of Pixel (1299, 1035)(including Seal Ring)
X-Dimension3,340.70µm-3,315.2µm7.75mm
Y-dimension3,372.45µm-1,952.35µm7.75mm
Notes:1.X and Y coordinates referenced to center of die.
2.Die center = package center.
3.Image center offset from package center (x = 0.015mm, y = 0.712mm).
Figure 26: Optical Orientation
Top of boardUPPixel ArrayPin 1 Bottom of board80a3e031
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorElectricalSpecificationsFigure 27: 48-pin CLCC Package Outline Drawing
D2.21 ±0.27SEATINGPLANESUBSTRATE MATERIAL: ALUMINA CERAMICLID MATERIAL: BOROSILICATE GLASS 0.55 THICKNESS7.125 ±0.125AB11.1761.016TYP4812.0048X 0.507.116.398 ±0.12547X 1.020.015 FORREFERENCEONLYFIRST CLEARPIXELC11.17614.220 +0.300-0.1255.5881.016 TYP0.712 FORREFERENCE ONLYOPTICALCENTERPACKAGE ANDDIE CENTER5.5887.1114.220 +0.300-0.12548X R 0.190.94 ±0.2610.44 FORREFERENCE ONLY1.270 ±0.085113.00CTR13.00CTROPTICAL AREALEAD FINISH: GOLD PLATING, 20 MICRO INCHES MAXIMUM ROTATION OF OPTICAL AREA RELATIVE TO PACKAGE EDGES B AND C : 1ºMINIMUMMAXIMUM TILT OF OPTICAL AREA RELATIVE TO SEATING PLANE A : 50 MICRONSTHICKNESSMAXIMUM TILT OF OPTICAL AREA RELATIVE TO TOP OF COVER D : 50 MICRONSNOTE: 1. THESE DIMENSIONS ARE NON ACCUMULATIVENote:All dimensions in millimeters.
®
8000 S. Federal Way, P.O. Box 6, Boise, ID 83707-0006, Tel: 208-368-3900
prodmktg@micron.com www.micron.com Customer Comment Line: 800-932-4992Micron, the M logo, and the Micron logo are trademarks of Micron Technology, Inc.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
This data sheet contains minimum and maximum limits specified over the complete power supply and
temperature range for production devices. Although considered final, these specifications are subject to change,
as further product development and data characterization sometimes occur.
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MT9M001 - 1/2-Inch Megapixel Digital Image SensorRevisionHistoryRevisionHistory
Rev C, 06/2005
••••••••••••••••••••••
Remove color information
Updated Table1, Key Performance Parameters, on page1Updated Table5, Register List and Default Values, on page13Updated Table6, Register Description, on page14
Updated Figure12, Readout of Six Rows in Normal and Row Mirror Output Mode, on page21Deleted Figure13, Readout of Eight Pixels in Normal and Column Skip Output Mode, on page22Updated Table10, AC Electrical Characteristics, on page27Updated Figure25, Image Center Offset, on page30
Updated Figure27, 48-pin CLCC Package Outline Drawing, on page31
Page 1, remove PRELIMINARY disclaimer
Page 1, add Key Performance Parameters table, add APPLICATIONSPage 2, add Table of Contents
Page 6, update Pin Description tablePage 11, update Serial Bus Description
Page 12, update Timing Diagram Showing a Read from Reg0x09; Returned Value 0x0284 figurePage 13, update Register List and Default Values table
Page 14, update Register Description Table (add Test Data-Reg0x32[11:2], update Output Control-Reg0x07[6]Page 28, update AC and DC Electrical Characteristics table
Page 29, add Figure 17, Data Output Timing Diagram, and Absolute Maximum Ratings, Table 11
Page 30, update Propagation Delay for Frame_Valid and Line_Valid Signals (Data Output and Propagation DelaysPage 32, delete Quantum Efficiency figure (Color)
Page 33, update Figure 27, 48-pin CLCC Package Outline Drawing
Rev B, 05/2005
Rev A, Preliminary 11/2003
•Initial Release of document
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