基础训练（8）附答案
Ⅰ.完形填空
Generally，a computer is any device that can perform numerical calculations.__1__，however，the term usually refers to an electronic device that can __2__a series of tasks according to a __3__set of instructions.
In 1953 there were only about 100 computers in use in the __4__world.Today hundreds of millions of computers are being used in homes，schools，businesses，government offices，and universities for almost every __5__purpose.
Modern desktop personal computers，or PCs，are many times more __6__than the huge，milliondollar business computers of the 1960s and 1970s.Most PCs can perform from 400 million to several billion __7__per second.These computers are used not only for household __8__and personal entertainment，but also for most of the automated tasks __9__by small businesses.The fastest desktop computers are called workstations，and they are __10__used for scientific，engineering，or advanced business __11__.
The speed and power of supercomputers，the fastest class of computer，are almost beyond human comprehension，and their __12__are continually being __13__.The fastest of these machines can perform more than 7 trillion and theoretically can run more than 12 trillionoperations per second and can store 6 trillion characters in its memory，allowing it to do the work of thousands of PCs.Supercomputers __14__these speeds through the use of several advanced engineering techniques.Because they can cost billions of dollars and because they can be large enough to cover the size of two basketball courts—supercomputers are used __15__by government agencies and large research centers. 1．A.Currently C．Certainly
B．Consequently
D．Clearly
解析：选A。Currently目前。该句的意思是：一般来说，任何可以执行数字计算的装置都可以称为计算机。但是，现在，这个词一般是指能够按照一系列精确的指令执行一系列任务的电子装置。B.Consequently“后来”；C.Certainly“当然”；D.Clearly“很明显地”。从逻辑关系上来看，只有Currently最合适。 2．A.perform
B．conduct
C．achieve
D．fulfill
解析：选A。perform“做；执行；表演；指挥；操作”；B.conduct“行为；处理；引导；指挥；导电”；C.achieve“完成，达到”；D.fulfill“实践，履行，实行，结束，满足，完成，达到”，只有A符合文意。
3．A.rigid C．precise
B．serious D．harsh
解析：选C。precise精确的，准确的，符合文意。A.rigid“刚硬的，刚性的，严格的”；B.serious“严肃的；认真的”；D.harsh“严厉的；残酷的；无情的”。 4．A.entire
B．complete
C．total D．general
解析：选A。该句的意思是：在1953年，全世界只有大约100台计算机。“全世界”用entire world。B.complete强调“完整性”；C.total强调“合计，总计”；D.general“一般的，普通的，综合的，概括的，全面的，大体的”。 5．A.perceptive
B．possible
C．inevitable D．imaginary
解析：选B。possible“可能的，想得到的，可想象的”，符合题意。A.perceptive“感觉敏锐的；观察入微的”；C.inevitable“不可避免的，必然的”；D.imaginary“假想的，想象的，虚构的”，均与题意不符。
6．A.powerful B．larger C．clever D．smaller
解析：选A。many times more powerful，该句的意思是：现代的台式个人计算机，或者PC，比二十世纪六十年代和七十年代那些巨型的，价值数百万的商用计算机功能强大很多倍。 7．A.exercises B．missions C．errands
D．operations
解析：选D。该句的意思是：大多数个人电脑每秒可以实现四亿到几十亿次的运转。和perform搭配的名词，四个选项中，operation最恰当。A.exercise“练习，习题”；B.mission“特使团；任务”；C.errand“差事，差使，使命”，不合题意。 8．A.management
B．execution
C．application D．manipulation
解析：选A。该句的意思是：这些电脑不仅用于家庭管理和个人娱乐，而且用于企业多数的自动完成的任
务。management“经营，管理，处理，操纵”，符合题意。B.execution“实行，完成，执行，死刑”；C.application“请求，申请，申请表，应用，运用”；D.manipulation“处理，操作，操纵，被操纵”。 9．A.claimed B．necessitated C．required
D．requested
解析：选C。required“需要”，根据句意用require最恰当。A.claim“(根据权利)要求，认领，声称，主张”；B.necessitated“使需要；使成为必需；”D.request“要求；请求”。 10．A.inclusively B．generally C．totally
D．entirely
解析：选B。该句的意思是：最快的计算机被称为工作站。它们一般被用于科学，工程，或者高级商务。B.generally“一般地，通常地”符合题意。A.inclusively“包含地，在内地”；C.totally“完全地”；D.entirely“彻底地；完全地”。 11．A.employments B．exercises C．usages D．applications
解析：选D。applications“应用”，usage一般指语言的“使用，用法”。 12．A.capabilities B．qualifications C．skills D．vacancies
解析：选A。该句的意思：它们的性能还在日新月异地改进。capability“(实际)能力，性能，容量，接受力”，符合题意。B.qualification“资格，条件，限制，限定，赋予资格”；C.skill“技能，技巧，熟练，巧妙(多用于人)”；D.vacancy“空，空白，空缺，空闲”。 13．A.propelled C．improved
B．boosted
D．enriched
解析：选C。improved“提高”，“改进”，“改善”，符合题意。A.propel“推进，驱使”；B.boost“往上推；增加；提高”；D.enrich“使富足，使肥沃，使丰富”。 14．A.obtain B．achieve C．win
D．secure
解析：选B。该句的意思是：超级计算机是通过使用几种先进的工程技术实现这么快的速度的。“实现某种速度”，可以用achieve。 15．A.primarily
B．conditionally
C．initially D．fundamentally
解析：选A。该句的意思是：因为它们可能价值数亿美元，同时也因为它们体积巨大，可以覆盖两个篮球
场，超级计算机主要是政府机关和大型研究中心使用的。根据题意，选A。其他选项B.conditionally“有条件地”；C.initially“最初，开头”；D.fundamentally“基础地，根本地”。 ****************************************************结束 【单项选择】
1．(·高考重庆卷)Shirley，a real book lover，often brings home many books to read ________ the library. A．in C．by
B．for D．from
解析：选D。本题考查介词。句意为“Shirley，一个真正的读书爱好者，经常从图书馆带很多书回家去读”。 2．(·高考福建卷)________ good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes. A．Far from C．Instead of
B．Apart from D．Regardless of
解析：选B。本题考查介词短语。句意：除了优质的服务外，这个饭店还提供不同种类的传统福建菜。apart from“除……以外”，符合语意。far from“远离，远非”；instead of“代替，而不是”；regardless of“不管，不顾”。
3．Children need friends________ their own age to play with. A．of C．in
B．for D．at
解析：选A。句意：孩子们需要与他们同龄的朋友玩耍。of their own age与他们同龄的，介词短语作后置定语。
4．Try on this red skirt；you will look great________ it. A．on C．in
B．by D．for
解析：选C。句意：你试穿一下这件红色的裙子，你穿着它会很好看的。英语中介词in表示“穿着、带着”的意思时，表状态，常用于名词后作定语或表语，如：the man in a blue hat戴着蓝礼帽的那个男人；Susan is in yellow today.苏珊今天穿了一身黄色的衣服。
5．(2010·高考重庆卷)The dictionary is what I want，but I don’t have enough money ________ me. A．by C．in
B．for D．with
解析：选D。句意：这本字典就是我想要的，但我身上没有带足够的钱。have sth.with sb.某人随身携带某物。
6．________ has been announced，we shall have our final exams next month. A．Which C．That
B．As D．What
解析：选B。as引导非限制性定语从句，置于句首时不可用which。as此处表示“正如”。句意：正如所宣布的那样，下月我们将进行期末考试。
7．Xi’an，________ last summer，is a very ancient city. A．that I visited C．where I visited
B．which I visited D．in which I visited
解析：选B。此处为一个定语从句，其中关系词在从句中充当visit的宾语，应用that或which，但引导非限制性定语从句应用which不可用that。
8．(2012·江西九所重点中学联考)Zunhua is one of the famous tourism destinations，________lies Dongling，a group of the Qing Imperial Tombs. A．20 miles northwest of it B．20 miles northwest of which C．northwest 20 miles to it D．northwest 20 miles of which
解析：选B。考查定语从句。destinations为表示地点的先行词且在从句中作介词of的宾语，故后面的定语从句应该用which来引导，而方位名词和相关的距离等应该放在which前面构成所有格，且表距离的名词应放在方位名词之前。
9．(2012·湖南十校联考)Anyway，that evening，________I’ll tell you more about later，I ended up staying at Rachel’s place. A．when C．what
B．where D．which
解析：选D。考查定语从句。that evening是先行词，这里用which引导非限制性定语从句，作介词about的宾语。
10．In the flats Tom was the only man from________bedroom the thief had stolen much money. A．whose C．who
B．whom D．where
解析：选A。考查定语从句。bedroom与先行词之间存在所属关系，故用表所属关系的whose来引导定语从句，whose本身作定语，修饰bedroom。
**************************************************结束
A
A grave of a man dating back to around 2300 BC was found by archaeologists in England On May 3, 2002. Buried with him were the tools of a hunter or warrior. There was a bone pin that may have been from a piece of clothing such as a leather coat. He carried a copper knife on his breast. The most amazing find was two gold earrings. That would have made him a man of distinction. Only a few centimeters from his head were two pots made of clay, tools and materials to make arrows, a bow and a dozen arrows for hunting and a second, smaller copper knife. Next to them lay a cushion stone, upon which the man could work metal.
His grave is the richest of any found from that period, because this man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold ever found in Britain (dated to 2470 BC). Besides, he was buried three miles from Stonehenge. Archaeologists tend to believe he was a member of a powerful class who might have organized the construction of Stonehenge.
Stonehenge was begun around 3000 BC. In about 2300 BC the huge stone circles were built. The biggest stone weighed approximately 20 tons. But the smaller blue stones, still weighing 4 tons on average, came from west Wales. It is not yet known how these were conveyed over a distance of 380 km. It is also a mystery how early man was able to construct Stonehenge without the use of modern construction machines and lorries.
He is an example of people who brought culture and new techniques from the European mainland to Britain. In terms of technical development people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age and then to the Iron Age.
56. Which are not included in the things that are found in the grave of a man? A. Tools, a bone pin, a bow and a cushion stone B. A copper knife and two gold earrings.
C. Two pots, arrows and materials to make arrows. D. some chicken and grains.
57. The man buried in the grave might be ______ at that time.
A. A poor man B. a kind-hearted man C. a rich man D. an ordinary man 58. Why is the man buried in the grave called the \"king of Stonehenge\" ? A. He was buried three miles from Stonehenge. B. He had the oldest gold ever found in Britain.
C. He might be a member of a powerful class who might have organized the construction of
Stonehenge. D. All of the above. 59. We can infer that _______ . A. how Stonehenge was built B. the King of Stonehenge was from France C. Stonehenge was built through several ages D. Stonehenge was built because of war 参考答案 DCDC
*******************************************************结束
B
In Jurassic Park, DNA was used to clone dinosaurs, which was kept for tens of millions of
years. The scientists find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and more dangerous than expected. That’s nothing more than a fiction. But could we really clone endangered animals?
To date, the most successful attempt to do so was the cloning of a gaur, a rare ox-like animal from southeast Asia. Scientists used a cow to bring the cloned baby gaur, named Noah. Two days after birth, however, Noah died from a common bacterial infection. Other endangered species that may be cloned include the African bongo antelope (邦戈羚羊), the Sumatran tiger, the cheetah (猎豹), and the giant panda.
Next, could we really clone extinct animals?
In theory? Yes. To do this, you need a well-kept source of DNA from the extinct animals such as wool mammoth (毛象), Tasmanian tiger, or even dinosaur, and a closely related species, still living, which could serve as a surrogate mother.
In reality? Probably not. On the one hand, it’s not likely that extinct animals’ DNA could survive undamaged for such a long time. Cloning extinct animals as wool mammoth, Tasmanian tiger, or dinosaur is much more difficult due to the lack of properly well-preserved DNA. On the other hand, for example, a gaur can have a cow as a surrogate mother, definitely not a monkey. But what about an extinct animals as unique as the panda? What species could possibly serve as a surrogate mother?
Cloning presents many exciting possibilities. However, even if extinct animals are brought back, they could not survive in today’s world. Not only do most extinct animals have no habitat to live in, but the other plants and animals they depended on for food may also be gone as well. 60. It can be learned from the text that ________.
A. scientists have cloned the African bongo antelope B. both the cheetah and the giant panda live in Asia C. the gaur lives in Asia and is endangered D. the gaur is an extinct species
61. The underlined words \"a surrogate mother\" probably refer to a female who ______. A. contributes its eggs to another female B. gives birth to a baby for another female C. gives birth to a baby of its own D. cannot give birth to a baby
62. The difficulty in cloning an extinct species is the lack of ______. A. both the well-preserved DNA and plants to live on B. both the habitat to live in and the well-preserved DNA C. both habitat to live in and plants to live on D. both the well-preserved DNA and a surrogate mother 63. In the author’s opinion, it is possible that ______. A. some extinct species may be cloned, but not survive B. extinct species may be cloned and easily survive C. a gaur can have a monkey as a surrogate mother D. all the extinct species may be cloned CBDA
*****************************************************************结束
Post Login Register Support Sourcing assistant needed Posted On: Sunday, 28 March, 2010, 17:27 Expires On: Monday, 27 September, 2010, 17:237 Indian company’s Shanghai office is now looking for a local Chinese girl, who can speak fluent English, and has at least one year experience in trading business. Healthcare working experience would be an advantage. Main responsibilities are: sourcing for new suppliers, factory visiting, negotiating and orders following up… Interested candidates can email me your expected salary, resume and current photo to: sarah @ gate. com, Miss Sarah Wang for more details. Thanks. Senior Interior Designer Posted On: Sunday, 10 January, 2010, 11:50 Expires On: Wednesday, 09 June, 2010, 11:50 Reply to: linette, killbourn @ rhdesign. Com. Cn KHK Design is seeking a Senior Interior Designer for our corporate projects. Your primary role is to work closely with our American and European clients to deliver the international design solution they require. You must have an ability to work with 8 individual managers to negotiate space needs and requirements, and communicate your designs to your design support team. Indepth knowledge of interesting and innovative（创新的）materials is required. Travel throughout China may be required. Customer Service Assistant Posted On: Monday, 01 February, 2010, 15:25 Expires On: Tuesday, 31 August, 2010, 15:25 Reply to: chinasemeste: @ gmail. Com Compensation（报酬）: RMB 8-10K Type of job: Full-time Contract: One year contract or longer Job Category: Customer Service Requirements: —B.A, or B.S. degree; foreigners only: —1 year’s working experience desired, preferably in customer service or hospitality industry —Responsible, pleasant personality and self-motivated. —Customer-oriented with good communication and interpersonal skills —Good command of both spoken and written English; Putonghua is an advantage but not a must Work Load: 5-day-work; national holidays Monthly Salary: Around RMB 8-10 K Female English Tutor Needed Posted On: Tuesday, 05 January, 2010, 03:38 Explres On: Friday, 01 October, 2010, 03:28 Reply to: zsj123@ 163. com A girl is looking for an oral English tutor Location: close to Metro Line Six Time: twice a week , in the evening and weekend, 1.5 hrs at a time Rate: 200/h Student: 10 years old Requirements: From America: female; experienced 64．We can know from the first two ads that .
A．KHK Design deals with business from European countries B．to be a sourcing assistant, you need to be very persuasive C．to work for KHK Design, you need to be very experienced in trading D．a girl from Beijing is very likely to be employed by the Indian Company
65．If you are an American woman looking for a part-time job, you can contact .
A．sarah@ gste. Com B．linette. killboum@ rhkdesign. com. cn
C．zsj123@ 163. com D．chieasemester@ gmail. com
66．For one who doesn’t mind traveling a lot, which of the positions above can be considered?
A．Senior Interior Designed. C．Sourcing assistant.
B．Female English Tutor. D．Customer Services Assistant.
67．Which of the following statements about the third position is TRUE?
A．Nationalities are not required for the position. B．There’s a requirement of maximum service period. C．The deadline for application is July the 31st. D．Communication skills are requested a must.
BCAD
********************************************************结束
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容