Unit 2
Men V.S. (against) Women男女有别(nán nǚ yǒu bié)
Word Bank
(assist=help) assistance: n. aid帮助(bāngzhù)，协助; first aid急救
associate (~ A with B= relate A to B): 1) n.a companion (=company伙伴(huǒbàn)/ 公司; accompany sb. to somewhere); 1)n. a partner合伙人 2)v. imagination联想(liánxiǎng); 3)a. 副 ~ professor副教授
to connect in the mind or
disengage: v. to release (oneself) from an engagement, pledge, or obligation解脱，解放(jiěfàng); be oblighed (#forced) to do sth.不得不做某事；be ~in sth.参与某事
(attract<->) distract (->distraction干扰): v. to cause to turn away from the original focus of attention or interest分散，转移
(move->motion/ motion picture=film/ movie) emotionally: adv. related to emotion情绪上地
fade: v. to lose strength or vitality (energy)衰退
forgetful: adj. tending or likely (possible) to forget健忘; forgetable<->unforgetable (frict: vt.) friction: n. conflict, as between persons having dissimilar ideas or interests矛
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盾
Ignore (->ignorant->ignorance): v. to refuse to pay attention to不理睬，忽视
(instinct: n.-> instinctive; a.->) instinctively: adv. relating to, or resulting from instinct本能地
Mars: n. the fourth planet from the sun火星；~ Square战神广场
(mall购物广场#) mull: v. to go over extensively in the mind思虑; (neglegence-
>neglegeble) neglect: v. to pay little or no attention to忽视，疏忽
overwhelm (overcome/ defeat): v. to overpower the thoughts, emotions, or senses (=reason) of制服，控制
preoccupy: v. to engross the thoughts or mind of使全神贯注，迷住; enable; encourage鼓励
(at random=) randomly: adv. of no specific order or pattern随意，任意地
(resent: vt.) resentment: n. anger, bitterness怨恨，愤恨
(lose one’s temper发火->temporary) temporarily: adv. of a short period of time暂时，临时地
(tense->) tension: n. a situation or condition of (host<->hstess->hostile->) hostility
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suspense, or [easy#ease: 1. n./ 2. vt. to ease the pain； make you at ~=make you at home; feel/ be at ease很自在/ 很舒服) uneasiness (unconfortableness/ nervousness)紧张局势
(response: n. respond: vi. ->responsive->) unresponsive: adj. exhibiting a lack of responsiveness迟钝的
[wind: 1. n.->windy; 2. vt. to ~ the clock; 3. vi. ~ road] unwind: v. to make or become relaxed放松，释放
Venus: n. the second planet from the sun金星
withdraw：v. to retire or retreat撤离，撤退
Phrases and Expressions
be associated with: to be connected with与…有关
cope with: to deal with妥善处理，有效地对付
fade into: to disappear into消失于…
focus on: to concentrate on聚焦(jùjiāo)
mull over (=think over): to reflect deeply on琢磨(zhuómó)，反复考虑
persist in (sth./ doing sth.)= insist on (sth./ doing sth.): to continue doing (same)
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sth.[=continue to do sth. else]坚持(jiānchí)，固执于…
Reading Comprehension
Choose the best for each of the following.
1. What can be learned from the story of Tom and Mary? ( A )
A. Men and women are different in coping with stress.
B. Tom and Mary are not in love now.
C. Men tend to solve problems while women tend to ignore problems.
D. Friction in relationships often leads to misunderstanding and intolerance.
2. \"Instead he becomes very quiet and goes to his private cave to think about his problem,...\". (Para. 5) Here the \"cave\" refers to
( C )
A. a hollow passage under the earth or into the mountain
B. his bed-room
C. his own private space where he could relieve stress
D. a place that promises a good shelter from stress
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3. When a man is stressed he will often turn to the following means for relief except ( B )
A. picking the most urgent problem or the most difficult
B. diverting his attention directly to solving little problems
C. remaining stuck in his cave till the problem is solved
D. becoming focused on solving problems and losing awareness of everything else
4. What will a woman do when she is stressed? ( D )
A. Prioritizing the significance of any problem.
B. Talking about her feelings and all the possible problems associated with her feelings.
C. Seeking relief by expressing herself and being understood.
D. Both B and C.
5. It can be learned from the text that the greatest difference in coping with stress between men and women is that ( B )
A. men become detached from the world while women are emotionally involved
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B. men focus on one problem and forget others while women expand and become overwhelmed by all problems
C. men get stuck in the cave and find no way out while women stay out of the aye
D. men escape to the cave while women are immediately concerned with finding solutions
II. Complete the following summary (summarize) of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you.
Both men and women have a lot to learn about the opposite sex before their relationships are truly (full+fill) fulfilling (=successful). The way of (1) coping with stress is just one of the must-to-know differences.
Every so often (Frequently), when a man is upset or (2) stressed, he becomes increasingly focused and (3) withdraws to his own cave (private space), which would end up (result in/ lead to导致(dǎozhì)) being the computer room (study书房) of their small home or the garage. Sometimes he'd be camped out in front of the TV for a few hours, not wanting to be talked to. All throughout the cave time, he stays (remains/ keeps) quiet, (4) mulling over the problem to find a (5) solution and becomes so focused (be absorbed in sth.) on solving this one problem that he temporarily loses (6) awareness of everything else.
On Venus (In the female world), however, one of the important rules to deal with stress
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is talking, talking, being heard and understood. When a woman is stressed out, she feels urged to share (~ sth. with sb.) and gain ideas on what they are feeling-- talking feels like (7) releasing the burden (包袱(bāo fu)/ 负担) of what they are stressed about. Then she feels better by talking about all possible problems without (8) focusing on problem solving. It's great (=important) for her if she can feel she is being (9) heard, and then her stress disappears.
It's important to read between the lines and understand the difference. Most men will not be happy without a time and a place to retreat. And in the meantime (at the same), for women talking is a natural and healthy Venusian (10) reaction to stress. Vocabulary
I. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.
1. He was __C___ with gratitude (n. thankfulness) to Professor Brown for helping him.
A. excited interested
B. concerned (worried) C. overwhelmed (occupied) D.
2. The ___B__ between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits has been greatly relaxed.
A. (intend->) intention B. tension C. tense D. attention
3. The scholarship helped Martin to tide over (go through/ overcome) a __A__ embarrassment.
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A. temporary B. contemporary(同时代/ 当代(dāngdài)的)
C. temporal(temporal) D. tempting (attract)
4. We should enhance (strong->strength->strengthen) people's __D___ that caring for the aged is the traditional virtue (品质(pǐnzhì)、道德) of Chinese culture.
A. excitement B. knowledge C. understanding D. awareness
(idea/ ideology意识形态(yì shí xíngtài))
5. I don't grudge (scorn/ look down upon蔑视/ accept) him his success, that is (i.e./ namely也就是说), I admit he __C___ it.
A. (Indian) preserves (n预留) B. conserves (保护)
C. deserves (该得到) D. reserves (保留/ 含蓄)
6. While （Although） people traditionally __C___ caring, sharing and (generous->慷慨大度) generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbing and self-concerned (=selfish).
A. value B. regard (=consider: vt.)
C. prioritize(优先考虑) product vt. 使商品化)
D. (commodity日用品->)commoditize (to market as a
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7. You can't regard him as a friend but (excerpt) a business __B___.
A. (relate A to B->) relative B. associate (colleague)
C. comrade同志(tóngzhì) spokesman发言人
D. (speak->spoke->spoken->)
8. I will calm (a./vt.平静(píngjìng)) down and seriously ___A__ over my work and teaching methodology in order to take them to a new level (水平(shuǐpíng)/ 高度).
A. mull B. mumble
C. mute (quiet) D. mock (=laugh at/ ridicule)
9. I'm in a puzzle as to (about/ as far as something is concerned就…而言) how to ___D__ the new situation (处境(chǔjìng)).
A. figure out (=work out)
B. lie (位于(wèiyú)/ 存在于…) with (together with与…在一起)
C. work on 在做…
D. cope with处理/ 对付
10. Leaders who ___A__ education are neither far-sighted (远见) nor mature (成熟), and
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they are therefore (因此) unable to lead the drive (desire/ motivation) for (modern->modernize->) modernization.
A. neglect B. omit
C. respect (尊敬) D. avoid
II. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
stress
initial
involve
random
forget
distract engage seek withdraw significant
expand capable available preoccupy resentment
1. Someone who is cool and calm (a./vt.) in stressful situations is level-headed (头脑冷静).
2. Richard resents being interrupted while he is working.
3. You were too preoccupied to notice (1.广告海报；2.vt.无意中发现) me at the bus stop yesterday.
4. As I grow (=become) older I become increasingly forgetful.
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5. All the children were involved in the school play(剧目/ 戏剧).
6. His (honest->) honesty made him incapable of lying. 7. She (withdraw) withdrew her previous (以前的) remarks (评论), and (apology->) apologized.
8. There are too many (attract->attraction) distractions in the hotel for me to work properly (=well).
9. That invention is of great commercial significance (commercially significant). It is very important= It is of great importance.
10. This book is an (expand->) expansion (拓展) of the play he wrote before.
Translation
Put the following paragraphs into Chinese.
When a woman is stressed she instinctively feels a need to talk about her feelings and all the possible problems that are associated with her feelings. When she begins talking she does not prioritize the significance of any problem. If she is upset, then she is upset about it all, (no mater it is) big and small. She is not immediately concerned with finding solutions to her problems but rather seeks relief by expressing herself and being understood. By randomly talking about her problems, she becomes less upset.
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参考(cānkǎo)译文：女人有压力时，会直觉地需要找人谈自己的感受以及所有(suǒyǒu)可能与之相关的问题。她一旦开始谈论，就不会顾虑到问题的优先顺序。而她一难过，不论大大小小的事都让她沮丧不已。她并不急于马上寻求解答，而宁可通过倾诉自我，获得理解来取得纾解。通过随意倾诉自己的问题，她会感觉好受一点。
Exercise
Turn the following sentences into Chinese.
1. The improbable (pregnant) pregnancy was (some/ a pieces of) big news for the woman's family.
2. In reality, I am a great (admire) admirer of Maya.
3. Carlisle Street runs westward, across a great black bridge, down a hill and up again,
by little shops and meat-markets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn.
4. The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. But I had to be cautious.
5. That day he was up before sunrise (sunrise: n./ vi.<-> sunset: n./ vi.).
参考(cānkǎo)译文：
1. 她竟然(jìngrán)能怀孕(huái yùn)，对她的家庭来说可是一条特大消息。
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2. 事实上我对玛雅人佩服得五体投地。
3. 卡列斯尔大街往西伸展，越过一座黑色的大桥，爬下山岗又爬了上去，经过许多小铺和肉市，又经过一些平房，然后突然冲着一大片绿色草地中止了。
4. 她能够给我带个信儿这件事就是一个暗示。但是我必须小心谨慎。
5. 那天他在日出以前就起来了。
Bonus
Below are some expressions about fine arts.
(symbolize->) symbolism象征主义
impressionism印象主义
expressionism表现主义
Art Nouveau (Nouva)新艺术主义
surrealism超现实主义
(nature->natural->) naturalism自然主义
abstract art抽象主义
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(cube) cubism立体派，立体主义; cubic meter立方米；square meter平方米
fauvism野兽派
Baroque巴洛克式
内容总结
（1）Unit 2
Men V.S. (against) Women男女有别
Word Bank
(assist=help) assistance: n. aid帮助，协助
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