游泳项目的英文历史介绍
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发布时间：2022-04-23 15:37
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热心网友
时间：2022-05-01 15:29
Swimming is an ancient discipline, as prehistoric man had to learn to swim in order to cross rivers and lakes. There are numerous references in Greek mythology to swimming, the most notable being that of Leander swimming the Hellespont (now the Dardenelle straits) nightly to see his beloved Hero.
Swimming as a sport was probably not practised widely until the early 19th century. The National Swimming Society of Great Britain was formed in 1837 and began to conct competitions. Most early swimmers used the breaststroke or a form of it. In the 1870s, a British swimming instructor named J. Arthur Trudgeon travelled to South America, where he saw natives there using an alternate arm overhand stroke. He brought it back to England as the famous trudgeon stroke - a crawl variant with a scissors kick.
In the late 1880s an Englishman named Frederick Cavill travelled to the South Seas, where he saw the natives performing a crawl with a flutter kick.. Cavill settled in Australia where he taught the stroke that was to become the famous Australian crawl.
国际奥委会http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/programme/history_uk.asp?DiscCode=SW&sportCode=AQ
热心网友
时间：2022-05-01 16:47
体育大国/强国 sporting/sports power
与...有关系，加入 be affiliated to/with
落后 lag behind 武术 martial arts 五禽戏 five-animal exercises
体育运动 physical culture and sports
增强体质 to strengthen one's physique
可喜的，令人满意的 gratifying 称号，绰号 label
涌现出来 to come to the fore 源源不断 a steady flow of
队伍 contingent 体育界 sports circle(s)
又红又专/思想好，业务精
to be both socialist-minded and vocationally proficient
承担义务 to undertake obligation 黑马 dark horse
冷门 an unexpected winner; dark horse
爆冷门 to proce an unexpected winner
发展体育运动，增强人民体质
Promote physical culture and build up the people's health
锻炼身体，保卫祖国
Build up a good physique to defend the country
为祖国争光
To win honors for the motherland
体育道德 sportsmanship
胜不骄，败不馁
Do not become cocky/be dizzy with success, nor downcast over/discouraged by defeat.
打出水平，打出风格 up to one's best level in skill and style of play
竞技状态好 in good form 失常 to lose one's usual form
比分领先 to outscore 失利 to lose
打成平局 to draw/to tie/to play even/to level the score
运动会 sports meet; athletic meeting; games
全国运动会 National Games
世界大学生运动会 World University Games; Universiade
比赛地点 competition/sports venue(s)
国际比赛 international tournament
邀请赛 invitational/invitational tournament
锦标赛 championship
东道国 host country/nation
体育场 stadium; sports field/ground
体育馆 gymnasium, gym; indoor stadium
比赛场馆 competition gymnasiums and stadiums
练习场馆 training gymnasiums
操场 playground; sports ground; drill ground
体育活动 sports/sporting activities
体育锻炼 physical training
体育锻炼标准 standard for physical training
体育疗法 physical exercise therapy; sports therapy
广播操 setting-up exercises to music
课/工间操 physical exercises ring breaks
体育工作者 physical culture workers, sports organizer
运动爱好者 sports fan/enthusiast
观众 spectator
啦啦队 cheering-section 啦啦队长 cheer-leader
国家队 national team 种子队 seeded team
主队 home team 客队 visiting team
教练员 coach 裁判员 referee, umpire 裁判长 chief referee
团体项目 team event 单项 indivial event
男子项目 men's event 女子项目 women's event
冠军 champion; gold medallist 全能冠军 all-round champion
亚军 running-up; second; silver medallist
第三名 third; bronze medallist
世界纪录保持者 world-record holder
运动员 athlete; sportsman 种子选手 seeded player; seed
优秀选手 top-ranking/topnotch athlete
2.竞技性运动competitive sport
3.田径运动 track and field; athletics
田赛 field events 竞赛 track events 跳高 high jump
撑杆跳高 pole jump; pole-vault
跳远 (Br.) long/ (A) broad jump
*跳远 hop, step and jump; triple jump
标* javelin throw 铅球 shot put javelin throw 标*
铁饼 discus throw 链球 hammer throw
马拉松赛跑 Marathon (race) 接力 relay race; relay
跨栏比赛 hurdles; hurdle race 竞走 walking; walking race
中长跑 middle-distance race 短跑 sprint (美作:dash)
长跑运动员long-distance runner
110米栏the 110 meter hurdles ------Liu Xiang
越野跑 cross-country race 十项全能decathlon
4.技巧运动 acrobatic gymnastics
体操 gymnastics 自由体操 floor/free exercises
单杠 horizontal bar 双杠 parallel bars 吊环 rings
高低杠 uneven bars; high-low bars 跳马 vaulting horse
鞍马 pommel horse 平衡木balance beam 垫上运动mat exercises
垫上运动 mat exercises
5.球类运动 ball games
足球 football; soccer 足球场 field; pitch
篮球 basketball 篮球场 basketball court
排球 volleyball 乒乓球 table tennis; ping pong
乒乓球拍 racket; bat 羽毛球运动 badminton
羽毛球 shuttlecock; shuttle 球拍 racket
网球 tennis 棒球 baseball 垒球 softball
棒/垒球场 baseball(soft ball)field/ground 手球 handball
手球场 handball field 曲棍球 hockey; field hockey
6.冰上运动 ice sports
冰球运动 ice hockey 冰球场 rink 冰球 puck; rubber
速度滑冰 speed skating 花样滑冰 figure skating
冰场 skating rink; ice rink 人工冰场 artificial ice stadium
滑雪 skiing 速度滑雪 cross country ski racing
高山滑雪 alpine skiing
7.水上运动 water/acquatic sports
水上运动中心 aquatic sports center 水球（运动）water polo
水球场 playing pool 滑水 water-skiing 冲浪 surfing
游泳 swimming 游泳池 swimming pool 游泳馆 natatorium
自由泳 freestyle; crawl (stroke) 蛙泳 breaststroke
侧泳 sidestroke 蝶泳 butterfly (stroke)
海豚式 dolphin stroke/kick 蹼泳 fin swimming
跳水 diving 跳台跳水 platform diving
跳板跳水 springboard diving
8.赛艇运动 rowing
滑艇/皮艇 canoeing 帆船运动 yachting; sailing
赛龙船 dragon-boat racing
9.室内运动 indoor sports
举重 weightlifting 重量级 heavyweight 中量级 middleweight
轻量级 lightweight 拳击 boxing 摔跤 wresting
击剑 fencing 射击 shooting 靶场 shooting range
射箭 archery 拳术 quanshu; barehanded exercise; Chinese boxing
气功 qigong; breathing exercises 自行车运动 cycling; cycle racing
赛车场（自行车等的）倾斜赛车场 cycling track
室内自行车赛场 indoor velodrome
10.登山运动 mountaineering; mountain-climbing
11.休闲运动 leisure sport
骑术 horsemanship 赛马场 equestrian park
国际象棋 (international) chess 特级大师 grandmaster
象棋 xiangqi; Chinese chess 围棋 weiqi; go
航空模型 aero model; model airplane
航海模型 marine modeling; model ship
跳伞 parachuting 定点跳伞 accuracy jump; precision landing
无线电定向 radio direction finding 造型跳伞 relative work
滑翔运动 gliding; sailplaning 技巧 sports acrobatics
拔河 tug-of-war 踢毽子 shuttlecock kicking
毽球 jianqiu; shuttlecock playing 毽子 shuttlecock
12.体育组织英文名称
中华人民共和国运动委员会（国家体委）
Physical Culture and Sports Commission of the PRC (State Physical Culture and Sports Commission)
中华全国体育总会 All-China Sports Federation
国际奥林匹克委员会 International Olympic Committee
国家体育总局State Sport General Administration
中国奥林匹克委员会 Chinese Olympic Committee
中国田径协会 Chinese Athletics Association
中国足球协会 Chinese Football Association
中国篮球协会 Chinese Basketball Association
中国排球协会 Chinese Volleyball Association
中国游泳协会 Chinese Swimming Association
中国网球协会 Chinese Tennis Association
中国桥牌协会 Chinese Bridge Association
中国武术协会 Chinese Wushu Association
中国乒乓球协会 Chinese Table-tennis Association
中国羽毛球协会 Chinese Badminton Association
中国滑冰协会 Chinese Skating Association
中国自行车协会 Chinese Cycling Association
中国健美操协会 Chinese Aerobic Association
中国柔道协会 Chinese Judo Association
中国拳击协会 Chinese Boxing Association
体育设施标准管理办公室 Sports Facilities Standard Authority
辅导站 coaching center 体育中心 sports center/complex
少年业余体育学校
