托福写作如何让句子更加生动
发布网友
发布时间：2022-04-23 08:17
共2个回答
热心网友
时间：2022-06-18 06:22
所谓转述能力，是指需要通过明显地改变原句表达方式或者浓缩、提炼核心意思去改写原文。下面环球教育小编就和大家分享如何训练托福写作的概括能力的内容。
>>> 方法一：同义词转换法
Youngsters who watched ecational children’s television for several hours a week had higher scores on academic tests three years later.
寻找youngsters, ecational children’s television, several, higher scores等单词或短语的同义词，原句转述为：
Young children who watched a few hours of ecational programs a week had better test scores three years later.
>>> 方法二：词性转换法
Telecommuting can bring numerous benefits to both employees and employers.
转化为benefit(动词)：
Both employees and employers can benefit from telecommuting.
转化为beneficial(形容词)：
Telecommuting is beneficial to both employees and employers.
beneficiaries(名词，表示人)：
Both employees and employers can be beneficiaries of telecommuting.
>>> 方法三：主动和被动语态转换法
For the price of one regular paperback novel, several book files could be purchased.
将原句的被动语态(could be purchased)转化为主动语态(people could purchase)：
For the same price as one paperback novel, people could purchase several book files.
>>> 方法四：句子结构转换法
句子结构转换法是最为常用的方法——通过将句子间结构的转换，进而对原有的句子进行转述。句子间结构的转换，即包括简单句、并列句和从句间的转换，也包括不同从句(包括宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句等)之间的相互转换，以及不同句型结构的使用(包括形式主语结构、强调结构、插入语结构、非谓语结构、虚拟语气结构等)。
(1)简单句和从句子间的转换
There has been an upsurge in the prevalence of electronic books e to rapid advancements in technology.(简单句)
Because there have been rapid advancements in technology, the prevalence of electronic books has experienced an upsurge.(原因状语从句)
(2)宾语从句和定语从句间的转换
The study suggests that television may have a positive influence on children’s intellectual development. (宾语从句)
According to the study, television may positively influence the way that children’s intelligence develops. (定语从句)
(3)非谓语结构的使用
If students can receive instructions at home on the television, they can save time, money, and fuel on transportation.(条件状语从句)
Receiving instructions from television at home, students can save time,money, and fuel on transportation. (非谓语结构)
The carbon dioxide leads to the worldwide greenhouse effect, which causes the sea level to rise and proces negative impacts on weather.(定语从句)
The carbon dioxide raises the sea level and negatively influences weather, leadingto the greenhouse effect worldwide.(非谓语结构)
在综合写作写作过程中，句子转述的四种方法很少“单独使用”，而往往“组合使用”。
热心网友
时间：2022-06-18 06:22
1) 加上姓名、时间、地点等
很多中国学生在写例子的时候会使用 比如说有一个人 这样的表达。这样的表达看起来底气不足，且中式思维严重，很难受到考官青睐。考生完全可以改用另外的表达 我有一个朋友叫Jason，他在两年前做了XX事 这样写就看起来舒服多了。在叙述个人类例子的时候，尽量使用具体的人名、地名和时间。这样能使你的例子看上去更丰满、富有细节，也更像真实的事件，有说服力。
2) 与论点结合，写出XX之前和XX之后的变化
需要特别注意的是，例子一定是为论证服务的，绝不能脱离主题举例子。有的考生非常心醉于自己编出来的故事，但是却忘了自己在写托福作文，这个故事并不能证明你的观点，那这样的文章得不到高分一点也不奇怪。
这里的XX指的是论点中的主题词。例如在写机经中的一个题目：公共交通是否应该免费时，有一个分论点是公共交通免费以后，私家车会减少，这样尾气排放得少了，环境也就变好了。这里的主题词就是私家车的数量，例子就可以写成N年前私家车很少，环境很好，然后私家车变多以后，环境就变差了。例子可写成：
10 years ago, in my childhood memory, the city which I live in now is one of the most beautiful cities I have ever seen. The blue sky and the clean water were quite impressive to me. However, 3 years ago, when I came back to this city again, I was astonished by those changes. The city developed rapidly ring those days. There are far more private cars than years ago on the road every day. On average, every household has one or two cars. The city may be described as developed now, while the sky here is never as clear as ever.
这个例子当中所用的词汇、句型基本都是中学所学过的。但是其中用到了我们刚才所谈的第一个技巧，加上了时间细节，也用到了第二个技巧，扣紧了主题，说明了有私家车变多之前和之后的变化。这个例子看上去文采平实，但却符合托福考试的评分规范，单就这个例子而言，就是可以得到4~5分的高分的(满分5分)。
3) 写完例子以后，一定要再结合论点论证说理
这一点不难理解，却是很多考生所忽视的。再强调一遍，例子的存在是为了更好地论证论点，因此在写完例子以后，需要再加上至少1~2句话重申一下你的论点。例如上文中出现的例子，写完之后，还应再加上If the amount of the cars can be reced, I believe it will further improve the environment here, and be beneficial to all the citizens here as well. And The free payment of pubic transportation will make this come true.这样就是一个完整的论述段了。
